Simulação de uma unidade piloto de destilação de água para uso em laboratórios químicos empregando energia solar

Abstract

In the present work was constructed and modeling a solar distiller water pilot installation. The equipment was installed in the Institute of Chemistry of the Federal University of Goiás, in Goiânia (16 ° 40’S 49 ° 15’W). The choice of solar distiller is due to the high incidence of solar irradiation in Brazil. With the data of solar irradiation and using the environmental model it was determined that 20º would be the best angle for the coverage inclination of the equipment. Besides that, using the temperature data of water and coverage, each hour from 7 to 18, and the energy balance, proposed by Dunkle in 1961, the heat transfer coefficients, heat transfer, mass transfer rates, and the efficiency of the distiller were calculated. We conclude that the heat transfer coefficient of evaporation and its corresponding rate were higher than the respective convection, the production of distilled water in winter and summer were 0.31 and 1.51 kgm-2day- 1, respectively, and the efficiency of the distiller was 5,4% in the winter and 41,33% in the summer. The water obtained meets the parameters of the Brazilian Pharmacopoeia and can be used in chemical laboratories in substitution to that obtained in the electric distillers.