Estudo descritivo acerca da obesidade: um panorama das internações e mortalidade em Goiânia-Goiás entre 2008 e 2022

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2024-11-29

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Universidade Federal de Goiás

Resumo

Obesity is characterized by the accumulation of body fat to levels harmful to health and is formally defined by a body mass index (BMI) above 30 kg/m². It is strongly associated with metabolic syndrome and classified as one of the Non-Communicable Chronic Diseases (NCDs), with a multifactorial etiology that is particularly relevant in the context of modern urban living conditions. As the etiology is multifactorial, prevention and treatment also require a multifaceted approach, involving a series of actions directly linked to changes in individuals' lifestyles, particularly dietary habits and physical exercise routines. In more severe cases, treatment may include the administration of appetite-control medications and surgical procedures. Collecting data on the distribution of hospital admissions and mortality cases directly related to obesity is crucial for providing epidemiological insights that can guide future public health actions. This includes identifying target groups to be most impacted and enabling a better understanding of the impact of this health condition on healthcare services. This study was based on publicly accessible data from the DATASUS and TABNET platforms, as well as the Morbidity and Mortality systems of the SUS (SIH and CID- 10). Search filters included the municipality of Goiânia, combined with various social descriptors. The number of hospitalizations associated with obesity in Goiânia has shown a significant increase since 2017, peaking in 2019 with 374 cases. The vast majority of hospitalizations occurred in females (over 93%), particularly within the age group of 40 to 44 years. Most hospitalizations were among individuals of mixed race (parda), followed by those of white ethnicity. The majority of admissions were elective, with an average hospital stay of 4 to 5 days. Regarding mortality, there were 340 deaths recorded between 2008 and 2022, with an average of 22.67 deaths per year, peaking in 2020 with 34 cases. Most deaths occurred among females, with the most affected age group being 50 to 54 years (43 cases). The results highlight the importance of preventive care, especially among adolescents and young adults, to avoid more severe complications in early adulthood, particularly between the ages of 35 and 40.

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Síndrome metabólica, Doenças crônicas não transmissíveis, Cirurgia bariátrica, Saúde pública, Metabolic syndrome, Non-communicable chronic diseases, Bariatric surgery, Public health

Citação

ANDRADE, Rafael Mateus de. Estudo descritivo acerca da obesidade: um panorama das internações e mortalidade em Goiânia-Goiás entre 2008 e 2022. 2024. 66 f. Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (Bacharelado em Biomedicina) - Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2024.