Rompendo o silenciamento: análises das violências e violações contra as mulheres negras, a legislação brasileira e as políticas públicas de enfrentamento a violência

Abstract

The present research aims to analyze the violence and violations committed against black women throughout the history of Brazil. To this end, the intersectionality of gender and race was necessary for the study of criminal legislation in the historical periods of the country, being the Philippine ordinances of the colonial period, the criminal code of 1830 of the Imperial period and the criminal codes of 1890 and 1940 of the Republican period, to identify how the identity of black women was constructed in the social imaginary. Subsequently, I highlight the advances of laws aimed at the prevention, punishment and eradication of violence against women, and finally, I survey the statistical data that portrays the violence committed against black women in Brazil, in Maranhão and in the city of Imperatriz, considering the national, state and municipal spheres, in order to show that the positive results of the laws of protection and public policies to combat violence affect women in different ways, considering the intersectionalities. In this sense, the result of the data survey in official organs evidenced the implications of a society structured by racism, sexism and patriarchy, by demonstrating that the violations suffered by black women are statistically invisible in most official documents. The absence of a categorization of analysis of the majority victims of the various forms of violence impacts the absence of effective public policies to combat, prevent, and curb acts of violence, which ultimately corroborates the violation of human rights and perpetuates the marginalization of black women's lives.