Os impactos do conflito russo-ucraniano nas políticas de transição energética da União Europeia

Abstract

This paper investigates the impacts of the Ukraine War on the European Union's energy policies, with an emphasis on the transition to renewable energies as an alternative to enhance energy security. The research, structured in three sections and using a predominantly qualitative methodology, complemented by quantitative data, focuses on the European Union case study in the context of the 2022 Russia-Ukraine conflict and the launch of the REPowerEU Plan. Initially, theoretical concepts of energy, energy transition, and energy security are presented, along with contextualization of these concepts in the conflict scenario and their impacts on the EU's energy transition. Next, the energy relationship between the EU and Russia before the conflict is explored, highlighting energy dependency and policies on both sides. Finally, the impact of the Russia-Ukraine conflict on the energy and natural gas market is analyzed, as well as the EU's response through the REPowerEU Plan, which aims to reduce dependence on fossil fuels and promote the transition to clean energies. The research concludes that the consequences of the Russia-Ukraine conflict accelerate the discussion on energy transition in Europe but present significant challenges, indicating that the transition may not guarantee complete energy security