Resistência à penetração e atributos químicos em um latossolo do piauí sob monocultivos e consórcio de gramineas irrigados

Abstract

Although benefits proportioned to plants through irrigation have been systematically known, there is in Brazil, mainly in irrigated perimeters of Piauí State, shortage of studies on effects of this practice in relation to chemical, physical and biological attributes of soil. Based on this focus this work aimed to evaluate the following in production systems:the influence of irrigation blades on the resistance to penetrate the root (RP) and chemical attributes of a dystrophic yellow oxisol, aiming to the implantation of crop-livestock integration system at Gurguéia irrigated perimeter, PI. The work was developed at Embrapa experimental Middle-North unit, at Alvorada do Gurguéia, PI, between 2009/2010. To evaluate corn and Brachiaria production system under single and consortiated condition a stripe experiment was installed, this corresponds to two irrigation blades per sprinkling (L1= 647.9 mm and L2= 564.5 mm), each one subdivided in blocks with corn, Brachiaria and consortiated Brachiaria+ corn. RP and other chemical attributes were evaluated at 0-10, 0.10-0.20 and 0.20-0.30 m depths. For chemical characterization, water pH, exchangeable cation, exchangeable acidity, phosphorus available and organic matter, were determined. Through these determinations it was possible to verify that soil production systems influenced RP from depth 0-0.10 m with increase of this in relation to native Forest in the following sequence: Corn > consortium > Brachiaria. Amongst production systems the greatest alterations in chemical attributes were verified in consortium when subjected to L1and Brachiaria cultivation when subjected to L2 irrigation.