O uso da nanotecnologia na fotoestabilização da avobenzona

Abstract

The ultraviolet light reaching the Earth's surface can cause irreparable damage to the skin, ranging from premature aging and sunburns to cancer. To prevent this from happening, formulations have been developed with the aim of blocking the penetration of radiation into the deeper layers of the skin, known as sunscreens. The active components present in these products are ultraviolet (UV) filters, which can either reflect and disperse UV rays, as is the case with inorganic filters, or absorb the rays and release energy in the form of heat or in the visible light spectrum. However, a portion of UV filters exhibits photoinstability issues, leading to a decrease in the formulation's effectiveness, evidenced by a reduction in the SPF value. The discovery of the photodegradation process has led to the incorporation of new technologies in formulation development, whether through the addition of antioxidant substances, such as omega-3 and resveratrol, or through the adoption of nanotechnology, using solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs), liposomes, inorganic nanoparticles, and polymeric nanoparticles. One of the most widely used UV filters in sunscreens is avobenzone, which, despite its excellent potential for absorbing UV radiation, has an unstable chemical structure, requiring protective mechanisms in the formulation, thus becoming the subject of various studies. Therefore, the incorporation of nanotechnological techniques into formulations containing avobenzone is promising for the development of more effective sunscreens. The objective of this work was to compile information about the incorporation mechanisms of avobenzone in sunscreens in order to improve the stability of the molecule.