Mortalidade por causas externas em pessoas idosas no estado de Goiás, 2000-2021

Abstract

Objective: To describe and analyze mortality from external causes among older adults in the state of Goiás, Brazil, between 2000 and 2021, and to compare the trend in mortality rates in the years prior to the pandemic (2000 to 2019) with the period that includes the first two years of the COVID-19 pandemic (2000 to 2021). Methods: An ecological study was conducted involving a time series analysis of mortality rates from external causes among older adults in Goiás, using data from the Mortality Information System. The Prais-Winsten regression model was used for trend analysis, with a 5% significance level. Results: A total of 19,049 older adults died from external causes in Goiás, of whom 12,468 (65.5%) were men; 6,290 (33%) were aged ≥80 years; 7,330 (38.5%) resided in the Central-West macro-region; and 8,717 (45.8%) died due to falls. The highest mortality rate in the state was recorded in 2018 (165.8/100,000) and the lowest in 2003 (112.5/100,000). Mortality rates from external causes exhibited an upward trend across all macro-regions in Goiás, particularly among individuals aged ≥70 years. When comparing trends that include the pandemic period, there was an increase in suicide mortality among men (p<0.05). Conclusion: Mortality from external causes among the older population in Goiás has been increasing, with falls being the leading cause, predominantly affecting men and individuals aged ≥80 years. The pandemic contributed to a rise in mortality from self-inflicted injuries/suicides. Actions focusing on surveillance and health promotion are necessary to mitigate this scenario and foster healthier aging.