High sodium intake during postnatal phases induces an increase in arterial blood pressure in adult rats
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Data
2014
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Resumo
Epigenetic studies suggest that diseases that develop in adulthood are related to certain conditions to which the individual is exposed during
the initial stages of life. Experimental evidence has demonstrated that offspring born to mothers maintained on high-Na diets during pregnancy
have higher mean arterial pressure (MAP) in adulthood. Although these studies have demonstrated the importance of prenatal phases
to hypertension development, no evidence regarding the role of high Na intake during postnatal phases in the development of this pathology
has been reported. Therefore, in the present study, the effects of Na overload during childhood on induced water and Na intakes and on
cardiovascular parameters in adulthood were evaluated. Experiments were carried out in two groups of 21-d-old rats: experimental
group, maintained on hypertonic saline (0·3 M-NaCl) solution and food for 60 d, and control group, maintained on tap water and food.
Later, both groups were given water and food for 15 d (recovery period). After the recovery period, chronic cannulation of the right femoral
artery was performed in unanaesthetised rats to record baseline MAP and heart rate (HR). The experimental group was found to have
increased basal MAP (98·6 (SEM 2·6) v. 118·3 (SEM 2·7) mmHg, P,0·05) and HR (365·4 (SEM 12·2) v. 398·2 (SEM 7·5) beats per min,
P,0·05). There was a decrease in the baroreflex index in the experimental group when compared with that in the control group. A water
and Na intake test was performed using furosemide. Na depletion was found to induce an increase in Na intake in both the control and
experimental groups (12·1 (SEM 0·6) ml and 7·8 (SEM 1·1), respectively, P , 0·05); however, this increase was of lower magnitude in the
experimental group. These results demonstrate that postnatal Na overload alters behavioural and cardiovascular regulation in adulthood.
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Palavras-chave
Hypertension, Postnatal period, Water intake, Sodium intake
Citação
MOREIRA, M. C. S. et al. High sodium intake during postnatal phases induces an increase in arterial blood pressure in adult rats. British Journal of Nutrition, Cambridge, v. 112, n. 12, p. 1923-1932, 2014.