Disposable stencil-printed carbon electrodes for electrochemical analysis of sildenafil citrate in commercial and adulterated tablets
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2022
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Resumo
Forensic studies are extremally
important to investigate suspected
adulterations of consumable products,
such as Viagra®. This report describes
the determination of sildenafil citrate
(SC) in commercial and adulterated
tablets based on square-wave
voltammetry (SWV) measurements
using disposable stencil-printed
carbon electrodes. The conductive ink
used for the manufacture of integrated
electrodes was produced by combining
graphite powder and glass varnish. To
promote a reusable strategy for
limiting the geometric area of the
electrodes, a 3D-printed holder was
constructed. Detailed morphological and electrochemical characterization studies revealed well-defined
graphite flakes incorporated on the polymeric substrate and a fast heterogeneous electron-transfer rate
constant (Ks = 1.3 × 10–3 cm s–1). Based on the analytical performance, a linear behavior was observed in
a SC concentration range from 1 to 20 µmol L–1 with limit of detection equal to 0.2 µmol L–1. The selectivity
of the proposed method was evaluated and the presence of potentially interfering compounds like
phosphate, lactose, paracetamol and tadalafil and no difference higher than 15% was observed. The
analysis of SC was performed in commercial and seized tablets and the achieved values were 50 ± 1 mg for Viagra® tablet, 54 ± 1 mg for generic formulations 38 ± 1 mg for seized tablet. In addition, the proposed
method offered satisfactory accuracy (98.2 – 102.0%) no noticeable matrix effect. Lastly, considering the
achieved results, the use of stencil-printed carbon electrodes and SWV has demonstrated to be a powerful
and robust analytical tool for forensic investigations.
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Palavras-chave
Carbon-based sensors, Electrochemical analysis, Erectile dysfunction, Forensic analysis, Viagra
Citação
ROCHA, Danielly et al. Disposable stencil-printed carbon electrodes for electrochemical analysis of sildenafil citrate in commercial and adulterated tablets. Brazilian Journal of Analytical Chemistry, Campinas, v. 9, n. 34, p. 210-228, 2022. DOI: 10.30744/brjac.2179-3425.AR-65-2021. Disponível em: https://www.brjac.com.br/artigos/2021-V8-NX2/brjac-65-2021.pdf. Acesso em: 0 ago. 2024.