Macro and micromorphologic indicators of physical clayey red latosol cultivated with sugarcane
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2015-12
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El sudoeste del estado de Goiás se destacó en la reciente expansión del cultivo de caña-de-azúcar, en particular
la microrregión del Quirinópolis donde fueron sustituidos áreas de cultivos anuales, sobre todo soja, y luego
áreas de pastoreo, en los Oxisol distrófico arcilloso (LVdf), que tiene un alto potencial para la compactación.
El objetivo de este estudio fue conocer el proceso de compresión de tales suelos cultivados con caña-de-azúcar,
mientras que los perfiles seleccionados fueran descomprimidos, corregidos y fertilizados antes de lo plantío
de caña. Estos perfiles presentan diversas formas de uso antes de la caña de (soja/caña, pasto/caña y sucesión
pasto/soja/caña), y el manejo con y sin fertirrigacion con vinaza, y se basaron en área de vegetación natural.
Se evaluaron indicadores macro y micromorfológicos, pruebas de la resistencia mecánica a penetración y
análisis físico-hidro del laboratorio. Los resultados indicaron compactación superficial y subsuperficial de
los perfiles estudiados, independientemente de los usos anteriores, los principales indicadores la presencia
de estructura tendiendo a laminares y ligeramente porosa en los niveles comprimidos y el aumento de la
densidad aparente del suelo y de la resistencia a la penetración.
The southwest of Goiás stands out in the process of the recent expansion of sugarcane plantation, especially in micro-region of Quirinópolis, where previously areas of annual crops were replaced, especially soybeans, and then pasture areas on clayey dystroferric Red Latosol (LVdf) which has a high potential for compaction. The aim of this work was to evaluate the process of compaction such soils cultivated with sugarcane, considering the selected profiles were decompressed, corrected and fertilized before planting sugarcane. Such profiles have along with the current use of sugarcane varying in relation to previous use (soybean/sugarcane, pasture/sugarcane and pasture succession/soybean/sugarcane), and the management with and without fertigation with vinasse, and an area of remaining natural vegetation as control. Macro and micromorphological indicators, followed by tests evaluated in laboratory as penetration resistance and physic-hydric analysis. The results indicated surface and subsurface compaction of the soil profile studied, regardless of previous uses, being the main indicators the presence of structure tending to laminar few porous in compaction levels, and increased of soil density and of penetration resistance.
The southwest of Goiás stands out in the process of the recent expansion of sugarcane plantation, especially in micro-region of Quirinópolis, where previously areas of annual crops were replaced, especially soybeans, and then pasture areas on clayey dystroferric Red Latosol (LVdf) which has a high potential for compaction. The aim of this work was to evaluate the process of compaction such soils cultivated with sugarcane, considering the selected profiles were decompressed, corrected and fertilized before planting sugarcane. Such profiles have along with the current use of sugarcane varying in relation to previous use (soybean/sugarcane, pasture/sugarcane and pasture succession/soybean/sugarcane), and the management with and without fertigation with vinasse, and an area of remaining natural vegetation as control. Macro and micromorphological indicators, followed by tests evaluated in laboratory as penetration resistance and physic-hydric analysis. The results indicated surface and subsurface compaction of the soil profile studied, regardless of previous uses, being the main indicators the presence of structure tending to laminar few porous in compaction levels, and increased of soil density and of penetration resistance.
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Palavras-chave
Saccharum spp, Estrutura, Compactação, Micromorfologia, Estructura, Compresión, Micromorfología, Structure, Compaction, Micromorphology
Citação
SILVA, Adriana Aparecida; CASTRO, Selma Simões. Macro and micromorphologic indicators of physical clayey red latosol cultivated with sugarcane. Mercator, Fortaleza, v. 14, n. 3, p. 169-185, set./dez.