Animal cruelty against dogs and cats: characterization of the victim and the perpetrator in a retrospective study

Abstract

The rise in animal cruelty crimes has become a significant social issue, largely due to increasing awareness of animal sentience. Research highlights a strong correlation between animal cruelty cases and psychological disorders in perpetrators, suggesting that violent behavior may, in some cases, be predictable. This study aims to analyze cases of animal cruelty treated at the public veterinary service in Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil, examining the characteristics of the animal victims and the profiles of the perpetrators to promote awareness of animal protection. This study analyzed 10 animal cruelty cases reported in Goiânia (August-November 2023), documenting victim profiles, clinical evaluations, and case outcomes. Necessary interventions for each individual were described, considering the severity and specific needs of the patients. Among the 10 cases analyzed, three involved rescues carried out by public agencies with support from the Animal Protection Group of the Civil Police of Goiás. Five cases were referred to by animal protection advocates, and two were reported by local residents. The results revealed a higher prevalence of such crimes involving adult male dogs, accounting for 62.5% of cases. Of the cruelty types, 80% involved physical abuse or aggression, with 70% of these cases showing traumatic injuries identified during examinations, as well as conditions such as dehydration and ectoparasite infestations. The characterization of the perpetrators indicated a predominance of male individuals, Caucasian, aged over 40 years. Despite ongoing efforts, the low reporting rate highlights the urgent need for stronger public policies and awareness campaigns.