Poleiros artificiais como facilitadores da restauração ecológica: uma revisão integrativa baseada em chuva de sementes, avifauna e uso do solo

Abstract

Brazil is considered a megadiverse country but faces serious threats due to fragmentation and the loss of native areas, making effective techniques for ecosystem recovery essential. Among these techniques, artificial perches stand out as simple and low-cost structures that act as catalysts for ecological restoration by attracting seed-dispersing birds and increasing seed deposition in degraded areas, thus accelerating the succession of local plant communities. This study compiles and analyzes 19 Brazilian works investigating the effectiveness of artificial perches across different biomes, especially in the Atlantic Forest, highlighting their potential to enhance floristic diversity and promote connectivity between forest fragments. However, it was not possible to confirm a direct relationship between land use type and the success of the technique, due to the lack of methodological standardization and insufficient detailed data in many studies. The effectiveness of perches depends on factors such as model, structure, height, location, proximity to forest remnants, and landscape characteristics. For their installation, a prior environmental assessment is recommended, including the classification of the regeneration potential of the area, appropriate selection of perch models, and strategic placement between 60 and 150 meters from native fragments, especially in areas requiring additional interventions. Despite existing challenges, artificial perches represent a promising strategy for ecological restoration, particularly due to their simplicity, low cost, and ability to facilitate natural regeneration processes in fragmented landscapes.