Cardiac Chagas disease: MMPs, TIMPs, galectins, and TGF- β as tissue remodelling players
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2019
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A century after the discovery of Chagas disease, studies are still needed to establish the complex pathophysiology of this disease.
However, it is known that several proteins and molecules are related to the establishment of this disease, its evolution, and the
appearance of its different clinical forms. Metalloproteinases and their tissue inhibitors, galectins, and TGF-β are involved in the
process of infection and consequently the development of myocarditis, tissue remodeling, and fibrosis upon infection with
Trypanosoma cruzi. Thus, considering that the heart is one of the main target organs in Chagas disease, knowledge regarding
the mechanisms of action of these molecules is essential to understand how they interact and trigger local and systemic
reactions and, consequently, determine whether they contribute to the development of Chagas’ heart disease. In this sense, it is
believed that the inflammatory microenvironment caused by the infection alters the expression of these proteins favoring
progression of the host-parasite cycle and thereby stimulating cardiac tissue remodeling mechanisms and fibrosis. The aim of
this review was to gather information on metalloproteinases and their tissue inhibitors, galectins, and TGF-β and discuss how
these molecules and their different interrelationships contribute to the development of Chagas’ heart disease.
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COSTA, Arthur Wilson Florencio da et al. Cardiac Chagas disease: MMPs, TIMPs, galectins, and TGF- β as tissue remodelling players. Disease Markers, New York, v. 2019, e3632906, 2019. DOI: 10.1155/2019/3632906. Disponível em: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1155/2019/3632906. Acesso em: 6 fev. 2025.