O efeito da idade relativa em esportes coletivos de invasão: revisão sistemática sobre sua influência no esporte de jovens

Abstract

The difference in time between birth dates between athletes of the same age can cause an advantage for the older ones relatively, being called the relative age effect (RIR). This effect can interfere in the practice of children and young people and can also influence the training and development of athletes to reach a high level of sport. This study aimed to review the topic of relative age in invasive sports played by young people. In this sense, the base question of the study was used: “What are the influences and consequences of the RIS in the sports practice of adolescents and young people in invasive sports?”. The method used was a systematic literature review, based on the PRISMA method. The following descriptors were used: relative age effect AND Sport, the searches were performed on the platforms of the Portal de Periódicos CAPES and PubMed. The following filters were activated in the search: original articles, published between 2010 and 2021, in English and Portuguese, related to young people between 11 and 18 years old, dealing with invasion team sports. After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria and performing the necessary analyses, 83 articles were included in the study. It was found that the high competitive level, popularity, perception of coaches and biological characteristics, especially during puberty, have the most frequent influence of the relative age effect and interfere with the permanence and sporting career of young players.