The implications of the European Green Deal stemming from the REPowerEU plan for Brazil–European Union relations in the sustainable fuels sector (2019–2024)

Abstract

This article examines the implications of the European Green Deal and the REPowerEUprogram on Brazil-European Union bilateral relations in the sustainable fuels sector from 2019 to 2024. The research is based on the global relevance of the environmental agenda, Brazil’s strategicrole as a bioenergy supplier, and the EU’s position as a leader in the pursuit of energy transition andgreenhouse gas emission reduction targets. The adopted methodology combines a literature reviewand documentary analysis, thus enabling the mapping of European and Brazilian policies, as well as an assessment of their impacts on Brazilian exports. Among the findings, the strengthening of Brazil-EU relations stands out, particularly in the development of Sustainable Aviation Fuels and greenhydrogen, driven by regulations and incentives on both sides. However, first-generation biofuels faceregulatory challenges, which limit their access to the European market. This study aims to contributeto a deeper understanding of energy transition dynamics and their effects on international relations.Keywords: Brazil; European Union; sustainable fuels; climate policies; energy transition