Vulnerabilidade ambiental no município de São Domingos (GO)

Abstract

The knowledge of the physical environment and its vulnerabilities allows an investigation of the restrictions and aptitudes determined locally, an example of an investigation of the environmental vulnerability to soil loss. This type of evaluation was tested in the municipality of São Domingos, in the state of Goiás, Brazil, which has a large availability of natural resources. To this end, it used an adaptation of the methodology developed by Crepani et al. (2001), which starts from information related to geomorphology, climate, vegetation, soil types and geology, with the use of determining areas with greater or lesser natural vulnerability to soil loss. Among the adaptations, information was generated regarding the heights above the closest drains (Height Above the Nearest Drainage -HAND) and regarding the drainage density, for the analysis of the vertical and horizontal relief dissection, respectively. They also considered in the analysis the use and cover of the soil, in relation to the vegetation theme, having therefore been called environmental vulnerability to loss of soils. As a result, it was observed that the greatest inconsistency present in the municipality, mainly with regard to land use and coverage, occurred between the occupation of Cerrado areas, for agricultural activities, which together with the conditions of lithology, soil and relief, tend to be essential for the occurrence of erosions. Thus, the greatest vulnerability was found mainly in regions with greater declivity, in soils of the type Neosol Litolic, used for agriculture and livestock, with almost the entire municipality classified as moderately stable or moderately vulnerable.