Direitos humanos, círculo da humanidade e inteligência artificial

Abstract

This work presents the evolution of the concept of the "human" in human rights theory in light of the transformations imposed by the Age of Artificial Intelligence (AI). It also reflects on this evolution based on Peter Singer’s concept of the Expanding Circle. Initially, the construction of this rights-bearing human subject is analyzed from a historical, social, and political perspective. Subsequently, a relationship is established between the expansion of the concept of the human and the new forms of citizenship emerging in human-machine relations. This occurs in a scenario where the individual ceases to be viewed merely as a biological being and becomes an informational organism, the "inforg," as proposed by Luciano Floridi. Finally, this work proposes that, in the age of AI, this circle must be expanded once again to encompass informational agencies that represent the human in a reticular interaction process. Within this "infoecology," human rights in the digital age must overcome classical anthropocentrism in favor of a networked ethics, capable of guaranteeing the subject's agency in an environment where human and algorithm inseparably coexist.