Condições clínicas e determinantes sociais relacionados à mortalidade materna no brasil: uma revisão estruturada

Abstract

Introduction: maternal mortality is a serious public health problem, and most deaths are preventable. This integrative review synthesizes evidence on the clinical causes and social determinants associated with maternal mortality in Brazil. Objective: to synthesize evidence on clinical conditions and social determinants associated with maternal mortality in Brazil to inform public policy. Methods: integrative literature review (2014–2024) in PubMed/MEDLINE and Cochrane. Findings were organized into three axes: direct causes, indirect causes, and social/organizational determinants. Results and discussion: direct and indirect causes persist due to chronic failures in clinical management and risk screening. These failures are amplified by structural racism and socioeconomic vulnerability, which manifest as barriers to access and quality of care, summarized by the Three Delays Model (delays in deciding to seek care, reaching a facility, and receiving adequate treatment). Final considerations: maternal death is an indicator of inequity and structural failure. Effective intervention requires confronting institutional racism, strengthening Primary Health Care for risk screening and management, and ensuring a responsive care network - recognizing preventable maternal death as a violation of human rights.