FM - Trabalhos de Conclusão de Curso

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Perfil epidemiológico e desigualdades na distribuição da hanseníase em Goiás (2014-2023)
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2026-04-20) Souza, Renato Calebe Mendes de; Souza Filho, Juarez Reis Rosa de; Cavalcante, Matheus Henrique Ferreira; Barros, Fernando Passos Cupertino de; Barros, Fernando Passos Cupertino de; Rassi Neto, Elias; Batista, Sandro Rogério Rodrigues
Introduction: Leprosy remains a neglected disease with a high public health impact in Brazil, with the state of Goiás ranking 7th among federative units with the highest disease burden in the country. Objective: To analyze the epidemiological profile, temporal trend, distribution inequalities, and the correlation with Family Health Strategy (FHS) coverage in Goiás between 2014 and 2023. Methods: A retrospective and analytical epidemiological study based on secondary data from SINAN, IBGE, and CNES/DATASUS. Results and Discussion: A total of 13,235 new cases were reported during the period. The incidence rate showed a decline (from 29.33 to 11.68/100,000 inhabitants); however, the data suggest an artificial reduction masked by underreporting during the COVID-19 pandemic. The epidemiological profile is characterized by late diagnosis, with 73.52% of cases being multibacillary forms (borderline and lepromatous), and by the maintenance of active transmission, indicated by 3.5% of cases in children under 15 years old. Males presented a higher risk (RR 1.50), and a statistically significant overrepresentation was observed in Pardo (mixed-race), Black, Indigenous, and Asian populations. Spatial distribution was markedly heterogeneous, with hyperendemic regions (North and Rio Vermelho), and a healthcare paradox was noted where regions with higher incidence have the best FHS coverage, suggesting potential underreporting and therapeutic evasion. Conclusion: Leprosy control in Goiás requires not only the expansion of the healthcare network but also technical qualification of teams for early suspicion, active surveillance, and strategic integration to mitigate a disease that persists as a relevant public health problem in the state.
Ansiedade e depressão e seu impacto na qualidade de vida crianças e adolescentes com doença inflamatória intestinal: uma revisão de escopo
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2026-06-15) Parreira, Anna Kelly Rezende; Serpa, Gabriel Caixeta; Cruz, Gabriella Cristina Santos; Lima, Livia Maria Lindoso; Lima, Livia Maria Lindoso; Souza, Cristiane Simões Bento de; Corrêa, Naflésia Bezerra Oliveira
Introduction: Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are characterized by a chronic inflammatory process affecting the gastrointestinal tract, with Ulcerative Colitis (UC) and Crohn’s Disease (CD) being the most prevalent phenotypes. When occurring during childhood and adolescence, IBD tends to present with greater clinical severity and may contribute to the development of psychiatric disorders such as anxiety and depression, leading to significant impairment in quality of life. Objectives: To evaluate the prevalence of anxiety and depression and their impact on the quality of life of children and adolescents with inflammatory bowel disease. Methods: This study is a scoping review. The literature search was conducted in the Cochrane Library, Embase, and MEDLINE databases using Health Sciences Descriptors (DeCS/MeSH terms) combined with the Boolean operators AND and OR. Articles published in English, Spanish, and Portuguese, with full-text availability and relevant to the study population, were included. Results: Patients with inflammatory bowel disease exhibit higher rates of depressive and anxiety symptoms compared to the general population and to individuals with other chronic non-intestinal diseases. Psychiatric symptoms are associated with disease activity, worsening during periods of active disease. The impact on quality of life extends to sleep disturbances, social isolation, and school absenteeism. Family support and caregivers’ well-being were identified as protective factors against psychological distress among children and adolescents with IBD. Conclusion: Given the relevance of these comorbidities, screening strategies and multidisciplinary support are essential for the early identification and treatment of mental health disorders in pediatric patients with IBD. The main limitations of this study are related to its design and the limited number of longitudinal studies and systematic reviews available on the topic. Further research is needed to strengthen the scientific evidence in this field.
Early exclusive enteral feeding versus gradual advancement in preterm infants: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trial
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2026-06-10) Vieira, Víctor Ramos Perdomo; Teles, Guilherme de Almeida; Marques, Solomar Martins; Marques , Solomar Martins; Afonso, Eliane Terezinha; Lima, Flávio Henrique Alves de
Introduction: Preterm infants are at high risk of complications to gastrointestinal immaturity, including necrotising enterocolitis (NEC) and feeding intolerance. The optimal enteral feeding strategy remains uncertain. Methodology: A meta-analysis compared early exclusive enteral feeding with gradual enteral feeding advancement. PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane were searched. Risk ratios (RR) and mean differences (MD) with 95% confidence intervals were calculated. Results: Seven studies including 2,649 preterm infants were analysed. No significant differences were observed for NEC (RR0.88; p=0.77) or feeding intolerance (RR0.82; p=0.48). Early exclusive enteral feeding appeared associated with shorter hospital stay (MD −4.81 days; p=0.03) and reduced intravenous fluid use (MD −3.19 days; p=0.02). Conclusion: Early exclusive enteral feeding appears safe and may reduce hospitalisation and intravenous fluid exposure in preterm infants.
Mapeamento do uso e preenchimento da caderneta da criança no acompanhamento do crescimento e desenvolvimento - uma revisão de escopo
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2026-06-10) Brito, Italo Silva Seixo; Pereira, Phabia Assunção; Marques, Solomar Martins; Marques, Solomar Martins; Andrade, Darlan de Oliveira; Pinto, Sebastião Leite
The Child Health Booklet (Caderneta da Criança — CC) is the primary surveillance tool for child growth and development in Brazilian primary healthcare. This scoping review aimed to map the scientific literature on its use, recording, and assessment by health professionals, identifying patterns, associated factors, and knowledge gaps. The study followed the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology and PRISMA-ScR guidelines. Searches were conducted in LILACS, PubMed, and SciELO with filters for language, full text, and a ten-year time frame. Twenty-two Brazilian studies published between 2016 and 2024 were included, predominantly cross-sectional in design and geographically concentrated in the Northeast region. All studies identified inadequacies in instrument use or completion, characterizing the problem as systemic. Neuropsychomotor development was the domain of greatest deficiency, with recording rates between 0% and 31%; body mass index-for-age was systematically neglected; and vaccination was the only consistently completed item. Factors associated with underuse were identified at three levels: professional (lack of specific training in 62.5% to 86.4% of professionals), organizational (absence of municipal childcare protocols, work overload, and competition with electronic health records), and family-related (non-availability of the Booklet at consultations and low maternal education). The findings indicate that underuse of the Child Health Booklet results from the interaction of training deficiencies, organizational fragilities, and the absence of monitoring mechanisms — a structural problem that compromises comprehensive child health monitoring in primary care.
Condições clínicas e determinantes sociais relacionados à mortalidade materna no brasil: uma revisão estruturada
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2026-06-12) Santos, Laís Freire dos; Barros, Fernando Passos Cupertino de; Barros, Fernando Passos Cupertino de; Batista, Sandro Rogerio Rodrigues; Rassi Neto, Elias
Introduction: maternal mortality is a serious public health problem, and most deaths are preventable. This integrative review synthesizes evidence on the clinical causes and social determinants associated with maternal mortality in Brazil. Objective: to synthesize evidence on clinical conditions and social determinants associated with maternal mortality in Brazil to inform public policy. Methods: integrative literature review (2014–2024) in PubMed/MEDLINE and Cochrane. Findings were organized into three axes: direct causes, indirect causes, and social/organizational determinants. Results and discussion: direct and indirect causes persist due to chronic failures in clinical management and risk screening. These failures are amplified by structural racism and socioeconomic vulnerability, which manifest as barriers to access and quality of care, summarized by the Three Delays Model (delays in deciding to seek care, reaching a facility, and receiving adequate treatment). Final considerations: maternal death is an indicator of inequity and structural failure. Effective intervention requires confronting institutional racism, strengthening Primary Health Care for risk screening and management, and ensuring a responsive care network - recognizing preventable maternal death as a violation of human rights.
Transtorno do espectro autista: diferenças clínicas entre meninos e meninas e seu impacto no diagnóstico
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2026-06-18) Souza, Maria Gabriela Bezerra de; Lira, Júlia Amaral de; Trindade Júnior, Marcelo; Trindade Júnior, Marcelo; Afonso, Eliane Terezinha; Barros, Laiane Pereira
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) presents historical differences in prevalence between sexes, often related to diagnostic biases and the complexity of clinical manifestations. This study aimed to analyze the main clinical differences between boys and girls with ASD described in the contemporary literature. To achieve this, an Umbrella Review was conducted based on systematic reviews and meta-analyses published between 2015 and 2025, following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The findings suggest that the classic 4:1 diagnostic ratio may be overestimated, with the actual incidence being closer to 3:1, especially due to the phenomenon of social camouflaging, in which girls mask autistic traits, contributing to underdiagnosis and delayed recognition. In addition, the female phenotype tends to present restricted interests that are more socially accepted, greater interpersonal motivation, and a higher frequency of internalizing symptoms, such as anxiety and depression, often related to the continuous effort of social adaptation. It was also observed that instruments considered the diagnostic “gold standard” have lower sensitivity in identifying female manifestations of the spectrum. Therefore, recognizing the particularities of ASD in girls is essential to promote greater diagnostic equity, reinforcing the need for more gender-sensitive assessment tools and further studies on the subject.
Tuberculose pulmonar e latente em pacientes com doença inflamatória intestinal na América Latina: revisão sistemática dos fatores associados
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2026-06-11) Oliveira, Andressa Martins de; Silva, Geovana Ribeiro Cordeiro da; Couto, Sofia Souza; Lima, Livia Maria Lindoso; Lima, Livia Maria Lindoso; Rezende Filho, Joffre; Alvarenga, Antônio Rubens
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant public health problem in Latin America, especially in immunocompromised individuals. Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, frequently require immunosuppressive and immunobiological therapies, particularly anti-TNF agents, which can increase the risk of reactivation of latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection and the development of active tuberculosis. The aim of this study was to analyze the occurrence of active and latent pulmonary tuberculosis in IBD patients undergoing these therapies, as well as to identify the main factors associated with its development in Latin America. This is a systematic literature review conducted in the PubMed/MEDLINE, SciELO, and LILACS databases, including studies published between 2015 and 2025. Six studies were selected, encompassing cohorts, observational studies, case-control studies, and case reports. The results showed a consistent association between the use of anti-TNF agents, especially infliximab and adalimumab, and a higher risk of tuberculosis. Concomitant use of immunosuppressants, longer exposure time to biological therapies, male sex, occupational exposure, and residence in endemic regions were also identified as relevant risk factors. Furthermore, limitations in screening methods were observed, which may contribute to cases of active tuberculosis even after an initial negative screening. It is concluded that rigorous screening for latent tuberculosis and continuous monitoring during immunobiological treatment are fundamental to reducing the risk of infection in this population.
Avaliação cognitiva em pacientes portadores de doença renal estádio V em hemodiálise
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2026-06-15) Belem, Bernardo Lemos Monteiro; Aleixo, Osmar Antônio Marçal; Pinto, Vítor Machado; Veloso, Mariana Pigozzi; Veloso, Mariana Pigozzi; Veloso, Valéria Soares Pigozzi; Barros, Lucas Simão de
INTRODUCTION: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) constitutes a major public health problem and is associated with several systemic complications, including cognitive impairment. Patients with stage V CKD undergoing hemodialysis exhibit a high prevalence of cognitive decline, which can negatively impact treatment adherence, quality of life, and mortality rates. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the cognitive status of patients with stage V chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and to investigate associations between cognitive performance and clinical, demographic, and laboratory characteristics. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional, observational study conducted at a satellite hemodialysis unit in Goiânia-GO. A total of 132 patients aged 18 years or older, who had been on hemodialysis for more than six months, were evaluated. Cognitive assessment was performed using the MoCA, with scores below 26 points considered indicative of impairment. Clinical, demographic, and laboratory data were retrieved from electronic medical records. Statistical analyses included association tests, Spearman's correlation, and logistic regression, with a significance level set at 5%. RESULTS: Of the 132 patients evaluated, 81 (61.4%) presented with cognitive impairment. A significant association was found between poorer cognitive performance and advanced age (p=0.003), especially in individuals aged 70 years or older. Education level also showed a significant association (p<0.001), with a higher prevalence of cognitive alterations among patients with lower educational attainment. Regarding laboratory parameters, an association was observed between cognitive impairment and higher blood glucose levels (p=0.042) and platelet counts (p=0.048). Negative correlations were also identified between the total MoCA score and blood glucose (r=-0.17; p=0.050) and platelet count (r=-0.18; p=0.042). CONCLUSION: A high prevalence of cognitive impairment was observed in patients with stage V CKD undergoing hemodialysis. Advanced age and lower education levels were significantly associated with poorer cognitive performance, while blood glucose levels and platelet counts were related to a reduction in cognitive scores. These results reinforce the importance of systematic cognitive assessment in this population, contributing to the early identification of individuals at risk and to the planning of monitoring and intervention strategies.
Anemia falciforme em crianças e adolescentes atendidos em um hospital universitário em Goiânia-GO entre 2022-2023
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2025-06-24) Paula, Luísa Fernandes De; Ribeiro, Nathalia Mikaely; Assunção, Renata Santos; Marques, Solomar Martins; Marques, Solomar Martins; Pereira, Edward Esteves; Afonso, Eliane Terezinha
Introduction: Sickle cell anemia is a genetic disease characterized by the abnormal production of hemoglobin S, which leads to the deformation of red blood cells, resulting in complications such as anemia, painful crises, and organ damage. Its pathophysiology involves vaso-occlusion and chronic hemolytic anemia, requiring continuous and multidisciplinary care. In pediatrics, painful crises are the main cause of hospitalization, demanding careful pain assessment, especially in young children. Severe complications, such as strokes, require early screening and specialized tests. In Brazil, advances in public policies and neonatal screening have promoted early diagnosis. In Goiás, the Hospital das Clínicas of the Federal University of Goiás (UFG) is a reference center for the care of these patients. Objectives: To characterize the clinical profile of hospitalized children and adolescents with sickle cell anemia, aiming to support improvements in management and clinical outcomes. Methods: This is an observational, descriptive, and retrospective study based on the analysis of 25 medical records of patients hospitalized between January 1, 2022 and January 31, 2023. Patients with a confirmed diagnosis and complete clinical data were included. Variables were analyzed using descriptive statistics and association tests (Chi-square and odds ratio), with a significance level of 5%, using SPSS software version 22. Results: Most patients were between 10 and 18 years old (60%) and male (56%). The main causes of hospitalization were painful crises (28.9%) and acute chest syndrome (21%). Only 12% underwent transcranial Doppler, while 32% had echocardiography and 48% abdominal ultrasound. Complications included splenic sequestration (24%), stroke (8%), and bone necrosis (4%). The use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) was high (96%), but only 12% of records documented the use of pain scales. Adolescents were more likely to receive opioids compared to children (OR: 12). Oxygen therapy was required in 36% of hospitalizations. Conclusions: Hospital care for children and adolescents with sickle cell anemia still presents significant shortcomings. The implementation of clinical protocols, improved documentation, and specialized follow-up are essential to enhance care quality and improve patient prognosis.
Caracterização clínica e genética de pacientes com suspeita de Discinesia Ciliar Primária
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2025-06-25) Faria , Alexandre Fleury Curado de; Ferreira, Gabriel Alcino Souza; Costa, Lusmaia Damaceno Camargo; Costa, Lusmaia Damaceno Camargo; Fernandes, Raquel Vidica; Oliveira, Wendyson Duarte de
INTRODUCTION: Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia (PCD) is a rare genetic disease characterized by structural and functional alterations in airway cilia, compromising mucociliary clearance and leading to recurrent respiratory infections, bronchiectasis, otitis, chronic sinusitis, among other manifestations. Early diagnosis is challenged by its clinical heterogeneity and similarity to other lung diseases. OBJECTIVES: To clinically and genetically characterize patients with suspected PCD treated at the Hospital das Clínicas of the Federal University of Goiás, describing predominant manifestations, correlating clinical scores (PICADAR) and genetic tests results. METHODS: Observational, descriptive and retrospective study with 23 patients referred to the Rare Diseases Outpatient Clinic of HC-UFG between 2023 and 2025. Clinical, sociodemographic and genetic data were collected through medical records, interviews and structured questionnaires. All participants signed an informed consent form and the study was approved by the Ethics Committee (opinion no. 5,027,099). RESULTS: The sample had a mean age of 24.8 years, with symptoms beginning mostly in childhood. Productive cough (91.3%), dyspnea (87.0%) and bronchiectasis (82.6%) were the most frequent symptoms. Of the 15 patients with available genetic testing, 66.7% presented pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants, mainly in the DNAH5, ODAD3, DRC1 and CCDC39 genes. The PICADAR score was higher among those with genetic variants with pathogenic potential identified. CONCLUSION: The findings reinforce the role of clinical scoring and genetic investigation in the diagnosis of PCD, especially in centers with limited resources. Detailed clinical characterization and integration with molecular tests favor early diagnosis and appropriate multidisciplinary management, with a potential positive impact on the quality of life of patients.
Impacto dos fatores epidemiológicos nos achados mamográficos de malignidade: análise comparativa entre Brasil e Goiânia de 2015 a 2024
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2025-06-26) Oliveira, Danielly Souza Macedo; Mouallem, Débora Alves; Cruz Júnior, Mário Alves da; Souza, Juarez Antônio de; Souza, Juarez Antônio de; Ferreira, Rui Gilberto; Saidah, Tarik Kassem
INTRODUCTION: Breast cancer is the most frequent neoplasm among Brazilian women, with high mortality rates. Epidemiological factors influence access to diagnosis and clinical outcomes, with regional and sociodemographic disparities. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the association between epidemiological factors and malignant findings in mammograms in Brazil and in Goiânia, from 2015 to 2024. METHODS: Ecological study involving women aged ≥40 years, using data from SISCAN. Multinomial logistic regression was applied to assess the association between variables and BI-RADS categories, and Prais-Winsten regression was used for temporal trend analysis. The significance level was set at 5%. RESULTS: Age group, race/skin color, and high-risk status showed statistically significant associations with malignant findings. In Brazil, a higher incidence was observed in women aged 45 years and older, while in Goiânia, findings were concentrated in older age groups (55 years and above). Yellow-skinned women presented the highest annual growth rate in malignant nodule diagnoses. A family history of cancer was associated with an increase in suspicious and confirmed cancer findings. Temporal analysis revealed an increase in the number of mammograms performed and in malignancy diagnoses nationwide. DISCUSSION: Differences between Goiânia and the national scenario indicate regional disparities in access to early diagnosis. The higher concentration of cases in older age groups in Goiânia suggests possible barriers in screening younger women. Racial inequality observed in the results reflects socioeconomic and healthcare access patterns. Data limitations, such as underreporting of risk factors and exam types, affected some statistical analyses. CONCLUSION: The study reinforces the effectiveness of mammographic screening for women aged 50 to 69 years, according to national guidelines. It highlights the need to improve the quality of epidemiological records and to develop targeted strategies for high-risk populations, aiming to reduce regional and racial disparities in breast cancer diagnosis.
Correlação entre elastografia ultrassônica point shearwave e FIB-4 no estadiamento de fibrose em pacientes portadores de doença hepática esteatótica metabólica
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2025-06-26) Loss, Alessandro Matheus Rodrigues; Dourado, Vinícius dos Santos; Marques, Rafael Torres; Aires, Rodrigo Sebba; Aires, Rodrigo Sebba; Filho, Joffre Rezende; Araújo, Vanessa Alves de
Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD is a prevalent global chronic liver condition associated with obesity, type 2 diabetes, and dyslipidemia. Staging of hepatic fibrosis is crucial, but liver biopsy, while the gold standard, is invasive. This study evaluated non-invasive methods, such as Point Shearwave ultrasound elastography and the FIB-4 index, in 54 patients with MAFLD. The results revealed a strong correlation between FIB-4 and elastography (ρ = 0.858; p < 0.001), however, Bland-Altman analysis indicated that the methods are not interchangeable, especially in advanced fibrosis. It is concluded that FIB-4 is useful for initial screening, but elastography is crucial for accurate assessment of fibrosis, guiding clinical management and potentially reducing the need for biopsies.
O papel da desinformação na queda das taxas de vacinação no Brasil: uma revisão de escopo
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2025-06-25) Guimarães, Arthur Saldanha; Cardoso Júnior, Eder; Nascimento, Cecília Vaz do; Marques , Solomar Martins; Marques , Solomar Martins; Peixoto, Fernanda Aparecida de Oliveira; Lima, Flávio Henrique Alves de
INTRODUCTION:The National Immunization Program (PNI) is a successful model in Brazilian public health, responsible for controlling and eradicating several diseases. However, in recent years, there has been a worrying decline in vaccination coverage. The dissemination of fake news is indicated as one of the main factors for this reversal. In view of this, this study investigates the influence of misinformation on the reduction of vaccination uptake in Brazil. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the correlation between the spread of fake news and the decline in vaccination rates in Brazil. METHODOLOGY: Scoping review using databases from Pubmed, Virtual Health Library, Scielo, DataSUS and the Brazilian Ministry of Health. The search strategy involves crossing the descriptors ‘‘’vaccines’’ and ‘’fake News’’ with the Boolean operator AND. RESULTS: After the evaluation and selection stage, 19 scientific articles were selected, including systematic, integrative, and scoping reviews, narrative studies, questionnaires administered to the general public or health professionals, and qualitative and quantitative analyses. DISCUSSION: There is consensus among the articles that the dissemination of fake news is associated with a decrease in vaccination coverage, mainly due to content involving conspiracy theories, deaths, and adverse effects. HPV and yellow fever are among the targets. The study by former researcher Andrew Wakefield, which linked the MMR vaccine to autism and is still used today by anti-vaccine movements, exemplifies how false information can have repercussions for years. During the pandemic, vaccine hesitancy increased as misinformation intensified. The WHO began to adopt the term infodemic to describe this phenomenon. Brazil stood out in the dissemination of fake news, often propagated by public figures, which undermined the population's confidence in vaccines. CONCLUSION: Addressing misinformation is essential to preserve vaccination coverage and prevent the return of diseases that have already been controlled in Brazil, such as yellow fever and HPV. To this end, it is necessary to implement effective strategies to combat the infodemic, a term that emerged during the COVID-19 pandemic, and vaccine hesitancy, contributing to the success of immunization campaigns.
Avaliação do padrão de atividades físicas e sua correlação com desfechos clínicos em pacientes com transtornos do humor: o programa de monitoramento de exercícios físicos do Centro-Humor (PEC-HC/UFG)
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2025-06-27) Bianchi , Isabela Moreira; Galvão, Isadora Efigênia Borges; Campos, Rodolfo Nunes; Campos, Rodolfo Nunes; Rassi Neto, Elias; Trindade Junior, Marcelo
This study aimed to analyze the practice of physical activity and its correlation with clinical outcomes in patients with mood disorders enrolled in the Physical Exercise Monitoring Program at the Mood Disorders Reference Center of the University Hospital of the Federal University of Goiás. This is an observational study with both quantitative and qualitative approaches and a cross-sectional design. Data were collected through a structured digital questionnaire applied biweekly. The sample consisted of 29 adult patients, mostly female, previously diagnosed with major depressive disorder or bipolar disorder, often with associated clinical comorbidities. Quantitative results revealed a positive association between regular physical activity — especially aerobic exercise —and improved mood, functionality, and treatment adherence. The qualitative analysis reinforced the subjective perception of emotional improvement, self- esteem, and autonomy among patients who adhered to the exercise routine. Study limitations include the small sample size and the reliance on self-reported measures. It is concluded that integrating physical activity into psychiatric treatment may significantly contribute to psychosocial rehabilitation in mental health care, supporting the expansion of similar programs within the Brazilian public health system.
Dor crônica de joelhos em pacientes obesos: uma análise da qualidade de vida e da dor antes e após o programa de pré-habilitação e fotobiomodulação
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2025-06-16) Martins, Maria Alice Chagas; Morais , Mariana Ramos de; Barbosa, Witer Gonçalves; Amorim, Ana Cristina Ferreira Garcia; Amorim, Ana Cristina Ferreira Garcia; Belchior, Thays Candida Flausino; Moraes, Frederico Barra de
Chronic pain is one of the main factors impairing quality of life and functional capacity, particularly in individuals with grade 3 obesity, commonly known as morbid obesity. In this population, the association between excess weight and musculoskeletal disorders creates an environment with increased risk of comorbidities and complications, where obesity leads to joint overload and reduced mobility, while the resulting chronic pain further limits movement capacity, perpetuating sedentary behavior and worsening or triggering additional comorbidities. The biomechanical impact of obesity on the lower limb joints is well documented. The excess weight significantly increases pressure on joint structures, particularly the knees, accelerating degenerative processes and triggering local inflammatory responses. In parallel, psychosocial factors, including mood disorders, anxiety, and altered pain perception, contribute to the chronification of pain, creating a complex network of pathophysiological interactions and compromising the quality of life of these individuals. In this context, the present study aimed to assess the intensity of pain and quality of life in obese patients with chronic knee pain undergoing prehabilitation for bariatric surgery at the Physiotherapy Outpatient Clinic of HC-UFG. To achieve this, a randomized, double-blind clinical trial was conducted, in which one group received photobiomodulation (laser) applied bilaterally to the knees and to the lumbar spine, associated with a standard preoperative rehabilitation protocol, while the control group underwent only the rehabilitation program. Both groups showed improvements in pain and quality of life.
Relação entre qualidade do sono e estresse em estudantes de Medicina de uma instituição pública
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2025-06-30) Stoco, Marcela Costa; Faria, Rafael Augusto Santana de; Rabelo, Eliane Consuelo Alves; Rabelo, Eliane Consuelo Alves; Silva, Lidiane Ferreira da; Saraiva, Guylherme
Introduction: Medical students face intense study hours and practical activities, which can impair sleep quality and increase stress levels. Understanding the relationship between sleep and stress in these individuals is important to guide health promotion and educational strategies. Objective: To investigate the relationship between sleep quality and stress in medical students from a public institution. Method: A cross-sectional, descriptive, and quantitative study was conducted with 255 medical students. The applied instruments were the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) to assess sleep quality and the 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) to assess psychological stress. Continuous variables were analyzed using Student’s t-test and ANOVA. Additionally, correlations were verified using Pearson’s correlation test. The significance level was set at p<0.05. Results: Poor sleep quality was observed in 77.3% of participants, and stress was estimated in 63.9%. A moderate positive correlation was found between PSQI and GHQ-12 scores (r=0.60; p<0.01). No statistically significant associations were found between sleep quality or stress and sociodemographic variables such as age, sex, or year of study. Conclusion: A high prevalence of these disorders was observed in the studied population. Furthermore, the moderate correlation between scores suggests an association between poor sleep and stress. These findings reinforce the need to develop public policies aimed at providing a healthier environment for the training of these future healthcare professionals.
Monitoramento terapêutico proativo de anti TNF alfa versus reativo em pacientes pediátricos com doenças inflamatórias intestinais: uma revisão de escopo
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2025-06-16) Boareto, Lucas Xavier; Daniel, Matheus Henrique Bernardes; Melo, Mônica Arantes Moreira de; Lima, Livia Maria Lindoso; Corrêa, Naflésia Bezerra Oliveira; Corrêa, Naflésia Bezerra Oliveira; Lima, Livia Maria Lindoso; Abe, Adriana Helena de Matos
Introduction: Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), including Crohn's Disease (CD) and Ulcerative Colitis (UC), have a chronic course and a significant impact on the growth and quality of life of the pediatric population. The use of anti-TNFα biological agents, such as infliximab (IFX) and adalimumab (ADL), has transformed the management of moderate to severe cases. However, therapeutic response is variable, and immunogenicity can compromise treatment effectiveness. Therapeutic Drug Monitoring (TDM) emerges as a strategy for optimizing clinical response, which can be performed reactively or proactively. Objective: To map comparative evidence of proactive versus reactive therapeutic monitoring of IFX and ADL in pediatric patients with IBD, considering serum drug levels, presence of anti-drug antibodies (ADA), clinical data, and therapeutic outcomes. Methods: This is a scoping review conducted according to the methodology recommended by the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI). The research question was structured according to the PCC model (Population: pediatric patients with CD or UC; Concept: TDM of anti-TNFα; Context: IBD treatment). Studies published between 2019 and 2024 were included, identified in MEDLINE/PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases. Data were extracted in a standardized manner and analyzed descriptively and by qualitative narrative synthesis. Results: Ten studies were included, including randomized clinical trials, cohorts, and case reports. Proactive TDM demonstrated an association with higher serum levels of IFX and ADL, lower ADA formation, and, in many cases, superior rates of clinical and endoscopic remission. Trials with ADL showed clear superiority of proactive TDM. For IFX, results were more heterogeneous, although suggesting a tendency towards lower hospitalization and greater therapeutic durability. Variability among studies was attributed to methodological and population differences, and defined therapeutic targets. Conclusion: Proactive TDM represents a promising strategy in the therapeutic approach to pediatric IBD, favoring sustained remission, lower immunogenicity, and dose individualization. Despite encouraging evidence, the routine adoption of proactive TDM is still limited by factors such as cost, access, and standardization. Future studies should focus on prospective multicenter trials to validate specific protocols for the pediatric population.
Estudo epidemiológico sobre a realização de enxertos de pele do couro cabeludo como área doadora em pacientes atendidos em um hospital de queimaduras de referência de Goiânia
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2025-06-18) Oliveira, Arthur de Prado Lopes; Silva, João Guilherme Ferreira; Vitor, Matheus Augusto Ferreira; Piccolo, Mônica Sarto; Piccolo, Mônica Sarto; Amorim, Ana Cristina Ferreira Garcia; Paula, Paulo Renato Simmons de
INTRODUCTION: Recently, the burn has come to be recognized as an epidemic that demands public health actions for effective prevention and treatment. National preventive campaigns, improvements in SUS and the creation of specialized units have contributed to the reduction of incidence and mortality, but the problem still requires investments from the public and private sectors. The scarcity of accurate epidemiological data makes it difficult to plan preventive strategies. In 3º degree burns, partial thickness skin graft is the standard treatment. Although the use of scalp grafting has been described since the 1960s, its application is still limited in Brazil and little studied, despite having numerous advantages. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to perform a quantitative analysis of the performance of skin grafts using the scalp as a donor area in a treatment service for burned patients in the Emergency Room for Burns (ERB) in Goiânia, Goiás. METHODOLOGY: This is a primary, observational, descriptive, retrospective study, with data collection from the medical records of patients with burns undergoing partial skin grafts obtained from the scalp. Data on hospitalizations, surgeries and success rates of patients who required skin grafts where the scalp acted as a donor site in the ERB, between January 2018 and December 2021 were described. All data were obtained through the Information System made available by the Piccolo Group Burn Emergency Room. The study sample was composed of the population admitted for hospital treatment of burns by the Emergency Room mentioned in Goiânia during the studied period. RESULTS: Performing grafts using the scalp as a donor area has the potential to reduce both morbidity and mortality resulting from direct infections in the unprotected burned area, and reducing psychosocial problems related to scars and the appearance of donor areas.
Fatores de influência sobre a adesão vacinal de alunos e seus responsáveis em um colégio militar de uma capital brasileira
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2025-04-25) Arataque, Thiago França; Menezes, Cauê Rodrigues Batista; Barros, Fernando Passos Cupertino de; Barros, Fernando Passos Cupertino de; Azevedo, Monark Nunes de; Pereira, Edsaura Maria
Vaccines are biological substances introduced into people’s bodies to protect them from diseases, forming an important mechanism for disease control. However, vaccination coverage in Brazil has been declining sharply since 2018. Thus, this study aimed to understand which socioeconomic factors most significantly impact Brazilian families’ adherence to vaccination Methods: This is an exploratory and descriptive field research with a qualitative-quantitative approach. Students from a military school and their guardians were included. Data were collected through an electronic form, tabulated in Excel, and statistically analyzed using RStudio software. Objectives: To analyze the relationship between socioeconomic factors and vaccination adherence among students of a Brazilian military school and their guardians. Results: The study included 170 participants, analyzed based on family income and educational level. The baseline characteristics indicated a relationship between higher family income and education with greater vaccination adherence. In addition to incompatible vaccination site hours, the lack of vaccine availability in nearby locations emerged as a relevant factor, particularly for the group with higher education. Final Considerations: The results suggest that, although guardians may show lower vaccination rates due to income or education factors, their dependents have maintained similar vaccination rates. Furthermore, incompatible hours at vaccination sites, the negative influence of the media, and concerns about adverse effects were the most influential factors affecting vaccination across all groups.
Cirurgia robótica assistida no câncer gástrico: uma revisão de escopo?
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2024-07-05) Queiroz, Matheus Abner de; Castel Júnior, Sirilo Antonio Dal; Mrué, Fátima; Silva, Leonardo Emílio da; Rezende Filho, Joffre; Mrué, Fátima
INTRODUCTION: The evolution of the study of gastric cancer has advanced significantly from the first descriptions to modern studies of pathophysiology and innovative treatment methods. Currently, gastric cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer death, and minimally invasive surgical techniques, including robotic surgery, are increasingly being considered as a therapeutic approach. Robotic surgery, mainly represented by the Da Vinci platform, has shown some advantages over the laparoscopic approach, such as better visualization, greater precision, and a wider range of motion. However, comparative studies conducted so far have shown similar results between the two approaches. This study explores new surgical techniques associated with robotic gastrectomy in gastric cancer, which may potentially add benefits to this approach. OBJECTIVES: To present new surgical techniques in the treatment of gastric cancer associated with the robotic approach. METHOD: This is a Scoping Review study, following the methodological steps proposed by the Joanna Briggs Institute, using the following guiding question: “What is new associated with robot-assisted gastrectomy in gastric cancer in the last 10 years?” The search was conducted in the Medical Literature and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE) databases, via PubMed, SCOPUS (Elsevier), EMBASE (Elsevier), and Cochrane Library, using the keywords: ('robotic' OR 'robot-assisted surgery' OR 'robot-enhanced surgery' OR 'robotic surgical procedure') AND ('gastrectomy'/exp OR gastrectomy) AND ('gastric cancer'/exp OR 'gastric cancer'). RESULTS: Thirty-one articles containing innovative techniques were selected, the main ones being: use of Indocyanine Green, Carbon Nanoparticles, Single Port Access, Lap Protector, Vessel Sealer Extended, Soft Coagulation Scissors Technique, Artificial Intelligence, 3D Navigation, Advanced Real‐time Multi‐display Educational System (ARMES), Double Loop Reconstruction Method and Delta Anastomosis DISCUSSION: The techniques highlighted in this work demonstrate that the field of robotic surgery is constantly evolving in search of improvements and advantages to the method. Among them, those that use Artificial Intelligence (AI) and the 3D Virtual Navigation System stand out, enabling the identification of anatomical structures, as well as intraoperative phases, thus preventing intraoperative risks, providing greater safety to the procedure, and an image-guided intraoperative planning. Additionally, the use of Indocyanine Green and Carbon Nanoparticles (CNSI) for lymph node visualization facilitates the performance of effective lymphadenectomy. CONCLUSION: Nine techniques associated with robotic gastrectomy were identified: 2 computational techniques, 2 techniques using devices/instruments, 2 techniques for marking anatomical structures, 1 educational technique, and 2 anastomosis techniques in the digestive system.

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