FM - Trabalhos de Conclusão de Curso

URI Permanente para esta coleçãohttp://200.137.215.59//handle/ri/1407

Navegar

Agora exibindo 1 - 20 de 23

Anemia falciforme em crianças e adolescentes atendidos em um hospital universitário em Goiânia-GO entre 2022-2023
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2025-06-24) Paula, Luísa Fernandes De; Ribeiro, Nathalia Mikaely; Assunção, Renata Santos; Marques, Solomar Martins; Marques, Solomar Martins; Pereira, Edward Esteves; Afonso, Eliane Terezinha
Introduction: Sickle cell anemia is a genetic disease characterized by the abnormal production of hemoglobin S, which leads to the deformation of red blood cells, resulting in complications such as anemia, painful crises, and organ damage. Its pathophysiology involves vaso-occlusion and chronic hemolytic anemia, requiring continuous and multidisciplinary care. In pediatrics, painful crises are the main cause of hospitalization, demanding careful pain assessment, especially in young children. Severe complications, such as strokes, require early screening and specialized tests. In Brazil, advances in public policies and neonatal screening have promoted early diagnosis. In Goiás, the Hospital das Clínicas of the Federal University of Goiás (UFG) is a reference center for the care of these patients. Objectives: To characterize the clinical profile of hospitalized children and adolescents with sickle cell anemia, aiming to support improvements in management and clinical outcomes. Methods: This is an observational, descriptive, and retrospective study based on the analysis of 25 medical records of patients hospitalized between January 1, 2022 and January 31, 2023. Patients with a confirmed diagnosis and complete clinical data were included. Variables were analyzed using descriptive statistics and association tests (Chi-square and odds ratio), with a significance level of 5%, using SPSS software version 22. Results: Most patients were between 10 and 18 years old (60%) and male (56%). The main causes of hospitalization were painful crises (28.9%) and acute chest syndrome (21%). Only 12% underwent transcranial Doppler, while 32% had echocardiography and 48% abdominal ultrasound. Complications included splenic sequestration (24%), stroke (8%), and bone necrosis (4%). The use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) was high (96%), but only 12% of records documented the use of pain scales. Adolescents were more likely to receive opioids compared to children (OR: 12). Oxygen therapy was required in 36% of hospitalizations. Conclusions: Hospital care for children and adolescents with sickle cell anemia still presents significant shortcomings. The implementation of clinical protocols, improved documentation, and specialized follow-up are essential to enhance care quality and improve patient prognosis.
Caracterização clínica e genética de pacientes com suspeita de Discinesia Ciliar Primária
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2025-06-25) Faria , Alexandre Fleury Curado de; Ferreira, Gabriel Alcino Souza; Costa, Lusmaia Damaceno Camargo; Costa, Lusmaia Damaceno Camargo; Fernandes, Raquel Vidica; Oliveira, Wendyson Duarte de
INTRODUCTION: Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia (PCD) is a rare genetic disease characterized by structural and functional alterations in airway cilia, compromising mucociliary clearance and leading to recurrent respiratory infections, bronchiectasis, otitis, chronic sinusitis, among other manifestations. Early diagnosis is challenged by its clinical heterogeneity and similarity to other lung diseases. OBJECTIVES: To clinically and genetically characterize patients with suspected PCD treated at the Hospital das Clínicas of the Federal University of Goiás, describing predominant manifestations, correlating clinical scores (PICADAR) and genetic tests results. METHODS: Observational, descriptive and retrospective study with 23 patients referred to the Rare Diseases Outpatient Clinic of HC-UFG between 2023 and 2025. Clinical, sociodemographic and genetic data were collected through medical records, interviews and structured questionnaires. All participants signed an informed consent form and the study was approved by the Ethics Committee (opinion no. 5,027,099). RESULTS: The sample had a mean age of 24.8 years, with symptoms beginning mostly in childhood. Productive cough (91.3%), dyspnea (87.0%) and bronchiectasis (82.6%) were the most frequent symptoms. Of the 15 patients with available genetic testing, 66.7% presented pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants, mainly in the DNAH5, ODAD3, DRC1 and CCDC39 genes. The PICADAR score was higher among those with genetic variants with pathogenic potential identified. CONCLUSION: The findings reinforce the role of clinical scoring and genetic investigation in the diagnosis of PCD, especially in centers with limited resources. Detailed clinical characterization and integration with molecular tests favor early diagnosis and appropriate multidisciplinary management, with a potential positive impact on the quality of life of patients.
Impacto dos fatores epidemiológicos nos achados mamográficos de malignidade: análise comparativa entre Brasil e Goiânia de 2015 a 2024
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2025-06-26) Oliveira, Danielly Souza Macedo; Mouallem, Débora Alves; Cruz Júnior, Mário Alves da; Souza, Juarez Antônio de; Souza, Juarez Antônio de; Ferreira, Rui Gilberto; Saidah, Tarik Kassem
INTRODUCTION: Breast cancer is the most frequent neoplasm among Brazilian women, with high mortality rates. Epidemiological factors influence access to diagnosis and clinical outcomes, with regional and sociodemographic disparities. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the association between epidemiological factors and malignant findings in mammograms in Brazil and in Goiânia, from 2015 to 2024. METHODS: Ecological study involving women aged ≥40 years, using data from SISCAN. Multinomial logistic regression was applied to assess the association between variables and BI-RADS categories, and Prais-Winsten regression was used for temporal trend analysis. The significance level was set at 5%. RESULTS: Age group, race/skin color, and high-risk status showed statistically significant associations with malignant findings. In Brazil, a higher incidence was observed in women aged 45 years and older, while in Goiânia, findings were concentrated in older age groups (55 years and above). Yellow-skinned women presented the highest annual growth rate in malignant nodule diagnoses. A family history of cancer was associated with an increase in suspicious and confirmed cancer findings. Temporal analysis revealed an increase in the number of mammograms performed and in malignancy diagnoses nationwide. DISCUSSION: Differences between Goiânia and the national scenario indicate regional disparities in access to early diagnosis. The higher concentration of cases in older age groups in Goiânia suggests possible barriers in screening younger women. Racial inequality observed in the results reflects socioeconomic and healthcare access patterns. Data limitations, such as underreporting of risk factors and exam types, affected some statistical analyses. CONCLUSION: The study reinforces the effectiveness of mammographic screening for women aged 50 to 69 years, according to national guidelines. It highlights the need to improve the quality of epidemiological records and to develop targeted strategies for high-risk populations, aiming to reduce regional and racial disparities in breast cancer diagnosis.
Correlação entre elastografia ultrassônica point shearwave e FIB-4 no estadiamento de fibrose em pacientes portadores de doença hepática esteatótica metabólica
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2025-06-26) Loss, Alessandro Matheus Rodrigues; Dourado, Vinícius dos Santos; Marques, Rafael Torres; Aires, Rodrigo Sebba; Aires, Rodrigo Sebba; Filho, Joffre Rezende; Araújo, Vanessa Alves de
Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD is a prevalent global chronic liver condition associated with obesity, type 2 diabetes, and dyslipidemia. Staging of hepatic fibrosis is crucial, but liver biopsy, while the gold standard, is invasive. This study evaluated non-invasive methods, such as Point Shearwave ultrasound elastography and the FIB-4 index, in 54 patients with MAFLD. The results revealed a strong correlation between FIB-4 and elastography (ρ = 0.858; p < 0.001), however, Bland-Altman analysis indicated that the methods are not interchangeable, especially in advanced fibrosis. It is concluded that FIB-4 is useful for initial screening, but elastography is crucial for accurate assessment of fibrosis, guiding clinical management and potentially reducing the need for biopsies.
O papel da desinformação na queda das taxas de vacinação no Brasil: uma revisão de escopo
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2025-06-25) Guimarães, Arthur Saldanha; Cardoso Júnior, Eder; Nascimento, Cecília Vaz do; Marques , Solomar Martins; Marques , Solomar Martins; Peixoto, Fernanda Aparecida de Oliveira; Lima, Flávio Henrique Alves de
INTRODUCTION:The National Immunization Program (PNI) is a successful model in Brazilian public health, responsible for controlling and eradicating several diseases. However, in recent years, there has been a worrying decline in vaccination coverage. The dissemination of fake news is indicated as one of the main factors for this reversal. In view of this, this study investigates the influence of misinformation on the reduction of vaccination uptake in Brazil. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the correlation between the spread of fake news and the decline in vaccination rates in Brazil. METHODOLOGY: Scoping review using databases from Pubmed, Virtual Health Library, Scielo, DataSUS and the Brazilian Ministry of Health. The search strategy involves crossing the descriptors ‘‘’vaccines’’ and ‘’fake News’’ with the Boolean operator AND. RESULTS: After the evaluation and selection stage, 19 scientific articles were selected, including systematic, integrative, and scoping reviews, narrative studies, questionnaires administered to the general public or health professionals, and qualitative and quantitative analyses. DISCUSSION: There is consensus among the articles that the dissemination of fake news is associated with a decrease in vaccination coverage, mainly due to content involving conspiracy theories, deaths, and adverse effects. HPV and yellow fever are among the targets. The study by former researcher Andrew Wakefield, which linked the MMR vaccine to autism and is still used today by anti-vaccine movements, exemplifies how false information can have repercussions for years. During the pandemic, vaccine hesitancy increased as misinformation intensified. The WHO began to adopt the term infodemic to describe this phenomenon. Brazil stood out in the dissemination of fake news, often propagated by public figures, which undermined the population's confidence in vaccines. CONCLUSION: Addressing misinformation is essential to preserve vaccination coverage and prevent the return of diseases that have already been controlled in Brazil, such as yellow fever and HPV. To this end, it is necessary to implement effective strategies to combat the infodemic, a term that emerged during the COVID-19 pandemic, and vaccine hesitancy, contributing to the success of immunization campaigns.
Avaliação do padrão de atividades físicas e sua correlação com desfechos clínicos em pacientes com transtornos do humor: o programa de monitoramento de exercícios físicos do Centro-Humor (PEC-HC/UFG)
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2025-06-27) Bianchi , Isabela Moreira; Galvão, Isadora Efigênia Borges; Campos, Rodolfo Nunes; Campos, Rodolfo Nunes; Rassi Neto, Elias; Trindade Junior, Marcelo
This study aimed to analyze the practice of physical activity and its correlation with clinical outcomes in patients with mood disorders enrolled in the Physical Exercise Monitoring Program at the Mood Disorders Reference Center of the University Hospital of the Federal University of Goiás. This is an observational study with both quantitative and qualitative approaches and a cross-sectional design. Data were collected through a structured digital questionnaire applied biweekly. The sample consisted of 29 adult patients, mostly female, previously diagnosed with major depressive disorder or bipolar disorder, often with associated clinical comorbidities. Quantitative results revealed a positive association between regular physical activity — especially aerobic exercise —and improved mood, functionality, and treatment adherence. The qualitative analysis reinforced the subjective perception of emotional improvement, self- esteem, and autonomy among patients who adhered to the exercise routine. Study limitations include the small sample size and the reliance on self-reported measures. It is concluded that integrating physical activity into psychiatric treatment may significantly contribute to psychosocial rehabilitation in mental health care, supporting the expansion of similar programs within the Brazilian public health system.
Dor crônica de joelhos em pacientes obesos: uma análise da qualidade de vida e da dor antes e após o programa de pré-habilitação e fotobiomodulação
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2025-06-16) Martins, Maria Alice Chagas; Morais , Mariana Ramos de; Barbosa, Witer Gonçalves; Amorim, Ana Cristina Ferreira Garcia; Amorim, Ana Cristina Ferreira Garcia; Belchior, Thays Candida Flausino; Moraes, Frederico Barra de
Chronic pain is one of the main factors impairing quality of life and functional capacity, particularly in individuals with grade 3 obesity, commonly known as morbid obesity. In this population, the association between excess weight and musculoskeletal disorders creates an environment with increased risk of comorbidities and complications, where obesity leads to joint overload and reduced mobility, while the resulting chronic pain further limits movement capacity, perpetuating sedentary behavior and worsening or triggering additional comorbidities. The biomechanical impact of obesity on the lower limb joints is well documented. The excess weight significantly increases pressure on joint structures, particularly the knees, accelerating degenerative processes and triggering local inflammatory responses. In parallel, psychosocial factors, including mood disorders, anxiety, and altered pain perception, contribute to the chronification of pain, creating a complex network of pathophysiological interactions and compromising the quality of life of these individuals. In this context, the present study aimed to assess the intensity of pain and quality of life in obese patients with chronic knee pain undergoing prehabilitation for bariatric surgery at the Physiotherapy Outpatient Clinic of HC-UFG. To achieve this, a randomized, double-blind clinical trial was conducted, in which one group received photobiomodulation (laser) applied bilaterally to the knees and to the lumbar spine, associated with a standard preoperative rehabilitation protocol, while the control group underwent only the rehabilitation program. Both groups showed improvements in pain and quality of life.
Relação entre qualidade do sono e estresse em estudantes de Medicina de uma instituição pública
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2025-06-30) Stoco, Marcela Costa; Faria, Rafael Augusto Santana de; Rabelo, Eliane Consuelo Alves; Rabelo, Eliane Consuelo Alves; Silva, Lidiane Ferreira da; Saraiva, Guylherme
Introduction: Medical students face intense study hours and practical activities, which can impair sleep quality and increase stress levels. Understanding the relationship between sleep and stress in these individuals is important to guide health promotion and educational strategies. Objective: To investigate the relationship between sleep quality and stress in medical students from a public institution. Method: A cross-sectional, descriptive, and quantitative study was conducted with 255 medical students. The applied instruments were the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) to assess sleep quality and the 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) to assess psychological stress. Continuous variables were analyzed using Student’s t-test and ANOVA. Additionally, correlations were verified using Pearson’s correlation test. The significance level was set at p<0.05. Results: Poor sleep quality was observed in 77.3% of participants, and stress was estimated in 63.9%. A moderate positive correlation was found between PSQI and GHQ-12 scores (r=0.60; p<0.01). No statistically significant associations were found between sleep quality or stress and sociodemographic variables such as age, sex, or year of study. Conclusion: A high prevalence of these disorders was observed in the studied population. Furthermore, the moderate correlation between scores suggests an association between poor sleep and stress. These findings reinforce the need to develop public policies aimed at providing a healthier environment for the training of these future healthcare professionals.
Monitoramento terapêutico proativo de anti TNF alfa versus reativo em pacientes pediátricos com doenças inflamatórias intestinais: uma revisão de escopo
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2025-06-16) Boareto, Lucas Xavier; Daniel, Matheus Henrique Bernardes; Melo, Mônica Arantes Moreira de; Lima, Livia Maria Lindoso; Corrêa, Naflésia Bezerra Oliveira; Corrêa, Naflésia Bezerra Oliveira; Lima, Livia Maria Lindoso; Abe, Adriana Helena de Matos
Introduction: Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), including Crohn's Disease (CD) and Ulcerative Colitis (UC), have a chronic course and a significant impact on the growth and quality of life of the pediatric population. The use of anti-TNFα biological agents, such as infliximab (IFX) and adalimumab (ADL), has transformed the management of moderate to severe cases. However, therapeutic response is variable, and immunogenicity can compromise treatment effectiveness. Therapeutic Drug Monitoring (TDM) emerges as a strategy for optimizing clinical response, which can be performed reactively or proactively. Objective: To map comparative evidence of proactive versus reactive therapeutic monitoring of IFX and ADL in pediatric patients with IBD, considering serum drug levels, presence of anti-drug antibodies (ADA), clinical data, and therapeutic outcomes. Methods: This is a scoping review conducted according to the methodology recommended by the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI). The research question was structured according to the PCC model (Population: pediatric patients with CD or UC; Concept: TDM of anti-TNFα; Context: IBD treatment). Studies published between 2019 and 2024 were included, identified in MEDLINE/PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases. Data were extracted in a standardized manner and analyzed descriptively and by qualitative narrative synthesis. Results: Ten studies were included, including randomized clinical trials, cohorts, and case reports. Proactive TDM demonstrated an association with higher serum levels of IFX and ADL, lower ADA formation, and, in many cases, superior rates of clinical and endoscopic remission. Trials with ADL showed clear superiority of proactive TDM. For IFX, results were more heterogeneous, although suggesting a tendency towards lower hospitalization and greater therapeutic durability. Variability among studies was attributed to methodological and population differences, and defined therapeutic targets. Conclusion: Proactive TDM represents a promising strategy in the therapeutic approach to pediatric IBD, favoring sustained remission, lower immunogenicity, and dose individualization. Despite encouraging evidence, the routine adoption of proactive TDM is still limited by factors such as cost, access, and standardization. Future studies should focus on prospective multicenter trials to validate specific protocols for the pediatric population.
Estudo epidemiológico sobre a realização de enxertos de pele do couro cabeludo como área doadora em pacientes atendidos em um hospital de queimaduras de referência de Goiânia
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2025-06-18) Oliveira, Arthur de Prado Lopes; Silva, João Guilherme Ferreira; Vitor, Matheus Augusto Ferreira; Piccolo, Mônica Sarto; Piccolo, Mônica Sarto; Amorim, Ana Cristina Ferreira Garcia; Paula, Paulo Renato Simmons de
INTRODUCTION: Recently, the burn has come to be recognized as an epidemic that demands public health actions for effective prevention and treatment. National preventive campaigns, improvements in SUS and the creation of specialized units have contributed to the reduction of incidence and mortality, but the problem still requires investments from the public and private sectors. The scarcity of accurate epidemiological data makes it difficult to plan preventive strategies. In 3º degree burns, partial thickness skin graft is the standard treatment. Although the use of scalp grafting has been described since the 1960s, its application is still limited in Brazil and little studied, despite having numerous advantages. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to perform a quantitative analysis of the performance of skin grafts using the scalp as a donor area in a treatment service for burned patients in the Emergency Room for Burns (ERB) in Goiânia, Goiás. METHODOLOGY: This is a primary, observational, descriptive, retrospective study, with data collection from the medical records of patients with burns undergoing partial skin grafts obtained from the scalp. Data on hospitalizations, surgeries and success rates of patients who required skin grafts where the scalp acted as a donor site in the ERB, between January 2018 and December 2021 were described. All data were obtained through the Information System made available by the Piccolo Group Burn Emergency Room. The study sample was composed of the population admitted for hospital treatment of burns by the Emergency Room mentioned in Goiânia during the studied period. RESULTS: Performing grafts using the scalp as a donor area has the potential to reduce both morbidity and mortality resulting from direct infections in the unprotected burned area, and reducing psychosocial problems related to scars and the appearance of donor areas.
Fatores de influência sobre a adesão vacinal de alunos e seus responsáveis em um colégio militar de uma capital brasileira
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2025-04-25) Arataque, Thiago França; Menezes, Cauê Rodrigues Batista; Barros, Fernando Passos Cupertino de; Barros, Fernando Passos Cupertino de; Azevedo, Monark Nunes de; Pereira, Edsaura Maria
Vaccines are biological substances introduced into people’s bodies to protect them from diseases, forming an important mechanism for disease control. However, vaccination coverage in Brazil has been declining sharply since 2018. Thus, this study aimed to understand which socioeconomic factors most significantly impact Brazilian families’ adherence to vaccination Methods: This is an exploratory and descriptive field research with a qualitative-quantitative approach. Students from a military school and their guardians were included. Data were collected through an electronic form, tabulated in Excel, and statistically analyzed using RStudio software. Objectives: To analyze the relationship between socioeconomic factors and vaccination adherence among students of a Brazilian military school and their guardians. Results: The study included 170 participants, analyzed based on family income and educational level. The baseline characteristics indicated a relationship between higher family income and education with greater vaccination adherence. In addition to incompatible vaccination site hours, the lack of vaccine availability in nearby locations emerged as a relevant factor, particularly for the group with higher education. Final Considerations: The results suggest that, although guardians may show lower vaccination rates due to income or education factors, their dependents have maintained similar vaccination rates. Furthermore, incompatible hours at vaccination sites, the negative influence of the media, and concerns about adverse effects were the most influential factors affecting vaccination across all groups.
Cirurgia robótica assistida no câncer gástrico: uma revisão de escopo?
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2024-07-05) Queiroz, Matheus Abner de; Castel Júnior, Sirilo Antonio Dal; Mrué, Fátima; Silva, Leonardo Emílio da; Rezende Filho, Joffre; Mrué, Fátima
INTRODUCTION: The evolution of the study of gastric cancer has advanced significantly from the first descriptions to modern studies of pathophysiology and innovative treatment methods. Currently, gastric cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer death, and minimally invasive surgical techniques, including robotic surgery, are increasingly being considered as a therapeutic approach. Robotic surgery, mainly represented by the Da Vinci platform, has shown some advantages over the laparoscopic approach, such as better visualization, greater precision, and a wider range of motion. However, comparative studies conducted so far have shown similar results between the two approaches. This study explores new surgical techniques associated with robotic gastrectomy in gastric cancer, which may potentially add benefits to this approach. OBJECTIVES: To present new surgical techniques in the treatment of gastric cancer associated with the robotic approach. METHOD: This is a Scoping Review study, following the methodological steps proposed by the Joanna Briggs Institute, using the following guiding question: “What is new associated with robot-assisted gastrectomy in gastric cancer in the last 10 years?” The search was conducted in the Medical Literature and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE) databases, via PubMed, SCOPUS (Elsevier), EMBASE (Elsevier), and Cochrane Library, using the keywords: ('robotic' OR 'robot-assisted surgery' OR 'robot-enhanced surgery' OR 'robotic surgical procedure') AND ('gastrectomy'/exp OR gastrectomy) AND ('gastric cancer'/exp OR 'gastric cancer'). RESULTS: Thirty-one articles containing innovative techniques were selected, the main ones being: use of Indocyanine Green, Carbon Nanoparticles, Single Port Access, Lap Protector, Vessel Sealer Extended, Soft Coagulation Scissors Technique, Artificial Intelligence, 3D Navigation, Advanced Real‐time Multi‐display Educational System (ARMES), Double Loop Reconstruction Method and Delta Anastomosis DISCUSSION: The techniques highlighted in this work demonstrate that the field of robotic surgery is constantly evolving in search of improvements and advantages to the method. Among them, those that use Artificial Intelligence (AI) and the 3D Virtual Navigation System stand out, enabling the identification of anatomical structures, as well as intraoperative phases, thus preventing intraoperative risks, providing greater safety to the procedure, and an image-guided intraoperative planning. Additionally, the use of Indocyanine Green and Carbon Nanoparticles (CNSI) for lymph node visualization facilitates the performance of effective lymphadenectomy. CONCLUSION: Nine techniques associated with robotic gastrectomy were identified: 2 computational techniques, 2 techniques using devices/instruments, 2 techniques for marking anatomical structures, 1 educational technique, and 2 anastomosis techniques in the digestive system.
Avaliação da qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde de pacientes pós-implante de marca-passo em hospital universitário brasileiro
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2024-07-08) Augusto, Laura Porto; Guará, Pedro Teixeira; Simão, Victor Cordeiro; Sá, Luiz Antônio Batista de; Araújo, Fabrício Alves; Araújo, Fabrício Alves; Sá, Luiz Antônio Batista de; Cavalcante, Kalley Santos
INTRODUCTION: Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is an important subjective parameter that considers an individual's perception of their place in life and cultural context. For patients with pacemakers (PM), assessing HRQoL is crucial because the device aims to improve the well-being and living conditions of patients. Thus, understanding the factors that can influence HRQoL is essential. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the HRQoL of PM patients at a tertiary university hospital in Goiânia. METHODOLOGY: This cross-sectional study included a sample of 57 patients monitored at the PM outpatient clinic of a tertiary university hospital in Goiânia. Data collection was conducted between October 2023 and March 2024 using the AQUAREL and SF-36 questionnaires, as well as a clinical questionnaire that addressed activities that may be considered safe or unsafe for PM patients. Statistical tests were used to investigate the association of HRQoL with sociodemographic variables (gender, age, marital status, income, ethnicity, education) and clinical variables (time since PM implantation and presence of Chagas disease). Additionally, ordinal logistic regression was performed to identify and estimate odds ratios between sociodemographic, clinical variables, and the worsening of HRQoL assessment. The significance level was set at 5%. RESULTS: The sample consisted predominantly of elderly patients (71.9%), female (57.9%), without a partner (52.6%), mixed race (47.4%), retired (61.4%), with a family income of ≤ 2 minimum wages (66.7%), and with completed primary education (45.6%). In 41 patients (71.9%), the time since PM implantation was less than 10 years, and Chagas disease was the main reason for PM implantation, with 29 patients (50.9%). Most patients (87.7%) considered the care in the outpatient clinic as "excellent" or "very good". It was identified that many did not find it safe or were unaware of the safety of various daily activities, such as using cell phones (38.6%), microwave ovens (63.2%), and physical activities (40.3%). The best HRQoL results were observed in the domains "Chest Discomfort" and "Arrhythmia" of the AQUAREL, and "Social Aspects" and "Mental Health" of the SF-36. Chagas disease was associated with poorer evaluations in the domains "Arrhythmia" and "Dyspnea on Effort" of the AQUAREL. The presence of Chagas disease was considered a factor associated with poorer scores in the AQUAREL. The odds of a patient without Chagas disease having a higher category in HRQoL scores on the AQUAREL were 2.7 times for the Chest Discomfort domain, 7.9 times for the Arrhythmia domain, and 4.4 times for the Dyspnea on Effort domain. Age was negatively correlated with the "Mental Component" of the SF-36 and also represented higher chances of poor HRQoL scores on the SF-36, but there was no significant association between HRQoL and gender, marital status, income, ethnicity, or education. CONCLUSION: The HRQoL of patients evaluated in the PM outpatient clinic of the tertiary university hospital is reasonable, according to the analysis of the AQUAREL and SF-36 questionnaire scores. Most patients consider the care satisfactory, but many still have uncertainties and insecurities about risk activities. The main factors for poorer scores were Chagas disease in the AQUAREL and being older and having lower education in the SF-36.
Prevalência de morte súbita cardíaca no período de 2019 a 2022 no Município de Goiânia
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2024-06-28) Rodrigues, Isabela de Jesus; Dias, Laura Stival; França, Letícia Carvalho de; Sousa, Ana Luiza Lima; Menezes Junior, Antônio da Silva; Menezes Junior, Antônio da Silva; Ramos, Gilson Cassem; Batista, Sandro Rogério Rodrigues
Background:Sudden Cardiac Death (SCD) is a medical term used for cases in which patients with heart disease, often unknown, die unexpectedly about an hour after the initial symptoms appear, without a pre-existing diagnosis of potentially fatal diseases. However, even though it is a relatively frequent event in Brazil, there are few epidemiological studies on the subject. Objective: To highlight the epidemiological profile of SCD in the metropolitan region of Goiânia between 2019 and 2022 and probable associations with risk factors. Method: A descriptive study was carried out using the medical records of the Goiânia Death Verification Service (SVO) and necropsy reports as the data source. Results: 2878 records of sudden death were identified in the three-year period and 1920 (67.3%) of them were defined as cardiac, in which 322 (16.8%) necropsies were carried out. The incidence of SCD confirmed by autopsy was 303 (94.1%), with a higher frequency among men (70.0%) and in the 35-60 age group (49.5%). The highest frequency of deaths was at home (50.5%), followed by health establishments other than hospitals (17.5%). The main associated factors were: hypertension 45.9% (n=139), smoking 43.2% (n= 131), alcoholism 41.9% (n=127) and diabetes mellitus 14.9% (n=45). Conclusion: Sudden cardiac death was recorded in 16.8% of the cases, and the necropsy confirmed almost all of them.
Tempo de espera entre referenciamento e atendimento inicial em pacientes oncológicos no Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade Federal de Goiás
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2024-07-03) Tafuri, Gabriela Batista; Rigueiral, Júlia Rodrigues Picazo; Rangel, Lorrane de Oliveira Braga; Le Campion, Edmond Raymond; Le Campion, Edmond Raymond; Tredicci, Thiago Miranda; Penhavel, Félix André Sanches
Introduction: The Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS) is a major advance in terms of national public health, and it is of great importance to evaluate its effectiveness in relation to serving the population. In this sense, it is important to evaluate the waiting time between referral and consultation with a specialist in patients with malignant diseases, as delays in treating these individuals can negatively impact their prognosis and quality of life. Objective: To quantify the average waiting time between the referral of patients with malignant diseases to Primary Health Care and the first specialized care in a tertiary hospital, in the SUS of the state of Goiás (HC-UFG). Methodology: This is a prospective descriptive study, based on primary data from medical records and consultations between the years 2023 and 2024 in the Digestive System Surgery outpatient clinics of HC-UFG. Were included 50 patients with malignant diseases who had referral data, after excluding 44 who did not meet the inclusion criteria. The analyzes were carried out using SPSS software, using descriptive measures such as mean, median and standard deviation of waiting times. Results: The average waiting time was 17.16 days, ranging from 4 to 60 days, with a standard deviation of 12.418, indicating considerable variation. Most waiting times were around 20 days, with 25% of patients waiting up to 8 days, 50% up to 12.5 days, and 75% up to 23.75 days. Therefore, 15% of patients waited more than 23 days. Conclusion: The average waiting time found was shorter than other services according to a bibliographic review, highlighting the efficiency of the regulatory complex. However, the study faces limitations, such as the lack of knowledge of the time from suspicion to referral. Similar studies are recommended in other SUS hospitals to assess whether this phenomenon can be generalized to other regions of the state.
Prevalência da síndrome de Burnout em estudantes de medicina no Brasil: uma revisão bibliográfica
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2024-07-08) Nunes, Laila Souza; Elias, Berta Baltazar; Elias, Berta Baltazar; Oliveira, Paulo Maurício de; Amaral, José Reinaldo do
Introduction: Burnout Syndrome is a state of psychological suffering associated with work, composed of multidimensional components: emotional exhaustion, disbelief and professional depersonalization. In medical students, in addition to the common stressors of teaching, there is the fact that they deal directly with patients, which can trigger the dimensions of the syndrome even before their training. Aims: Compile information to provide an overview regarding Burnout Syndrome in medical students at universities in Brazil, analyzing the possible factors that contribute to the emergence of this disorder. Methodology: This is a literature review, through an investigation of articles selected from the CAPES and SciELO scientific journal publishing platforms and Google Scholar. Exclusion and inclusion measures were established and 8 articles were selected to make up the final sample. Results: From the analysis it is clear that there is no defined main cause, but the sum of intrinsic and extrinsic factors in the students' routine contribute to the triggering of Burnout Syndrome. Conclusion: Since chronic stress has gained prominence in the daily lives of medical students who face physically and mentally demanding situations on a daily basis, this study highlights the importance of attention to the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of Burnout Syndrome
Correlação de presença de linhas B em ultrassonografia pulmonar e elevação de BNP em pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2024-06-28) Medeiros, João Lucas Brasil; Oliveira , João Paulo Borges de; Oliveira, Simone Dias Souza de; Ramos, Gilson Cassem; Brasil , Guilherme Visconde; Oliveira, Simone Dias Souza de
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are one of the leading causes of death globally, with heart failure (HF) affecting approximately 64 million people, posing a significant public health challenge. Dyspnea is a common symptom of HF. Biomarkers and imaging play a crucial role in disease diagnosis and management. Bedside pulmonary ultrasound (US) assessing B lines is a useful tool for evaluating pulmonary congestion, correlating positively with elevated brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), an important biomarker for HF diagnosis and prognosis. In Brazil, HF is the leading cause of hospital admissions under the Unified Health System (SUS). Early intervention during decompensation episodes is essential to control symptoms, reduce hospital stay, improve quality of life, and decrease work disability and costs. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the positive correlation between B-lines in pulmonary US and elevated BNP levels in patients with cardiac-related dyspnea. METHODOLOGY: This study is an integrative literature review aiming to organize and analyze publications on the correlation between B-lines in pulmonary ultrasound and elevated BNP in HF patients. Using the PICO strategy, a search on PUBMED yielded 59 studies, of which 28 were selected by two evaluators using the RAYYAN tool. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: The International Consensus on Pulmonary US showed high sensitivity in detecting pulmonary congestion, surpassing the diagnostic accuracy of chest radiographs and NT-proBNP. Randomized studies indicated that combining pulmonary US with clinical evaluation significantly improves sensitivity and specificity in HF diagnosis. Integrated US approaches demonstrated superiority in sensitivity and specificity compared to BNP. In emergencies, pulmonary US proved more accurate and easier to implement. In primary care, US was also effective, especially when used alongside BNP. CONCLUSION: US protocols demonstrate high sensitivity and specificity in detecting pulmonary congestion, thereby enhancing HF management.
Como estamos classificando dengue na região das Américas ?
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2024-07-08) Filgueira, Arthur Calisto; Simionato, Bruna Biava; Soares, Fabrício Marques; Siqueira Junior, João Bosco; Siqueira, Cláudio Morais; Franca, Divânia Dias Da Silva; Siqueira Junior, João Bosco
American countries began to adhere to a new definition of dengue cases throughout the 2010s, however, after the new definition, no studies were carried out comparing how surveillance in these countries is classifying cases. From this perspective, the present study aims to review how dengue is classified in the Americas. By surveying epidemiological data relating to the annual incidence rate, dengue without an alarm signal, dengue with an alarm signal, severe dengue and lethality, the aim is to draw comparisons between the countries covered and their respective proportions of dengue cases. Thus, it is expected to raise the need for deeper academic discussions on the topic, given the great importance and repercussion of dengue on the American continent.
Análise de protocolos para o tratamento de sífilis congênita: uma revisão de escopo
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2024-06-14) Novais, Jordana Alves; Albuquerque, Juliana Silva; Garrido, Larissa Bernardes Araújo; Abe, Adriana Helena de Matos; Carvalho, Simone Resende de; Franco, Glaucimeire Marquez; Abe, Adriana Helena de Matos
Introduction: Congenital syphilis is an infectious disease caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum with gestational transmission, which has a significant impact on the health of the fetus. Although prevention of this disease during pregnancy is safe and the treatment effective, its incidence has remained high in several countries, especially Brazil, which makes congenital syphilis a serious global public health problem that needs to be studied. Objective: To analyze the protocols for the treatment of congenital syphilis in Brazil and the United States in order to identify possible reasons for the increase in the incidence rate of this disease in different countries with different territorial areas, development rates and economies. Method: This is a scoping review based on a search of the PubMed database for the period 2013 to 2023. Results: One of the main factors responsible for the difference in congenital syphilis rates in each country is economic and territorial differences. In addition, the offer of screening for syphilis during pregnancy is not homogeneous throughout the territory of the countries analyzed and there are differences in the form of access for each social group within the same country. Conclusion: The protocols of the two countries analyzed are adequate and the biggest problem is adequate access to information and screening during prenatal care, treatment during pregnancy, for both the pregnant woman and her partner, and after childbirth.
Associação entre diabetes mellitus e capsulite adesiva: uma revisão sistemática e meta-análise
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2024-07-04) Piai, Ricardo Figueiredo Paro; Silva, Rômulo Freire Gomes; Oliveira, Thalles Pires de; Fernandes , Marcos Rassi; Costa, Paulo Sérgio Sucasas da; Naghettini, Alessandra Vitorino; Fernandes, Marcos Rassi
Adhesive Capsulitis (AC) is a progressive painful condition associated with a gradual reduction in the range of motion of the shoulder joint, being associated with factors such as Diabetes Mellitus (DM). DM is a metabolic disorder that can damage connective tissues, including the shoulder joint capsule, increasing the risk of developing CA. Brazil, with a high prevalence of DM, faces a significant number of CA cases. The results can provide important insights into the clinical management of these patients. This review aims to analyze the relationship between adhesive capsulitis and diabetes mellitus, considering sex, dyslipidemia and glycemic control as possible influencers. The present systematic review was carried out in the Scopus, Embase and PubMed databases until April 2024. Observational studies were included, without time limitations, that evaluated risk factors for CA. This study used the PECOT criteria and converted them into Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) terms to investigate the relationship between adhesive capsulitis and diabetes. The terms "frozen shoulder" OR "adhesive capsulitis", "shoulder", "diabetes" OR "diabetes mellitus" OR "diabetic", and "risk factors" OR "risk" were used, combined by the Boolean operator "AND" in their variations in the English language. Articles outside the scope of the topic, incomplete articles and articles in languages other than English were excluded from the study. This study presents three retrospective cohort studies, totaling 3,812,635 participants. Our study demonstrated that patients with DM2 are associated with a higher chance of developing CA compared to patients without DM2 (OR 2.17; 95% [CI] = 1.32 to 3.56; p = 0.002). Multivariate analysis indicated that individuals with DM2 were more likely to develop CA than those without DM2 (HR 1.46; 95% [CI] = 1.33 to 1.61; p < 0.00001). Dyslipidemia was also associated with an increased risk of AC in patients with T2DM (HR 1.37; 95% [CI] = 1.24 to 1.51; p < 0.00001). Furthermore, women had a higher risk of developing AC compared to men (HR 1.44; 95% [CI] = 1.23 to 1.69; p < 0.00001). A correlation was also observed between lack of glycemic control and the development of CA. In conclusion, this study highlights the strong association between T2DM, dyslipidemia, female sex and CA, emphasizing the importance of strict metabolic control and adequate management of dyslipidemia in patients with T2DM to prevent or minimize the risk of developing CA. Future prospective, randomized controlled studies are needed to confirm these findings and elucidate the mechanisms underlying this association.

Navegar

Submissões Recentes