Decaimento de cloro residual livre em águas distribuidas em redes de abastecimento

Abstract

Disinfection of water distributed to the population is essential to ensure its microbiological safety and to prevent diseases caused by pathogens. Chlorine is the most used disinfectant for this type of processdue to its low cost and good efficiency, however, there is a decay of its residual in distribution systems due to water and system characteristics, which may cause loss of water quality. In order to optimize demand and monitor chlorine residuals throughout the system, software and mathematical models have been employed in various parts of the world. Thus, the aim of this work was to conduct a bibliographic survey on the decay of chlorine in water distribution systems between 1994 and 2014 in order to evaluate the production of knowledge on the subject worldwide, the main models and software used to predict its decay in distribution networks, using the Mapping Study methodology. Research has shown that first-order models are the most widely used (32.8%) in both real distribution systems and laboratory studies while EPANET software is the most widely used in this type of work (19.3%).