Uso da Cannabis sativa no tratamento do mal de Parkinson

Abstract

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by impaired motor control and a substantial decline in patients’ quality of life. Conventional treatments, such as levodopa, are effective in alleviating motor symptoms; however, their efficacy often diminishes over time and they are frequently associated with significant side effects. In this context, the therapeutic use of medical cannabis has emerged as a potential alternative. This study aims to review the current scientific literature regarding the effects of cannabinoids in the treatment of PD, with a focus on their therapeutic potential and possible neuropsychiatric implications. Clinical trials, systematic reviews, and recent peer-reviewed publications were analyzed. The findings suggest that cannabinoids—particularly cannabidiol (CBD)—exhibit neuroprotective, anxiolytic, and anti-inflammatory properties. These effects may contribute to the alleviation of symptoms such as tremors, muscle rigidity, sleep disturbances, and anxiety. Nevertheless, the available studies often suffer from methodological limitations, and there is a pressing need for more rigorous randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to determine the long-term efficacy and safety of cannabinoid-based therapies in PD. In conclusion, while medical cannabis shows therapeutic promise in the management of Parkinson’s disease, its use should be considered with caution, grounded in robust scientific evidence and guided by specialized medical supervision.