Analysis of the impact of coronavirus disease 19 on hospitalization rates for chronic non communicable diseases in Brazil
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Data
2022
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Background
The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has impacted health services and health care systems worldwide. Studies have shown that hospital admissions for causes related to
chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs) have decreased significantly during peak pan demic periods. An analysis of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on hospital admissions
for NCDs is essential to implement disability and mortality mitigation strategies for these
groups. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on
hospital admissions for NCDs in Brazil according to the type of NCD, sex, age group, and
region of Brazil.
Methods
This is an ecological study conducted in Brazil. Data on hospital admissions from January 1,
2017 to May 31, 2021 were extracted from the Unified Health System’s Hospital Admissions
Information System. The hospital admission rates per 100,000 thousand inhabitants were
calculated monthly according to the type of NCD, sex, age group, and region of Brazil. Pois son regression models were used to analyze the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the
number of hospital admissions. In this study, the pre-pandemic period was set from January
1, 2017 to February 29, 2020 and the during-pandemic from March 1, 2020 to May 31, 2021.
Results
There was a 27.0% (95.0%CI: -29.0; -25.0%) decrease in hospital admissions for NCDs
after the onset of the pandemic compared to that during the pre-pandemic period.
Decreases were found for all types of NCDs—cancer (-23.0%; 95.0%CI: -26.0; -21.0%), dia betes mellitus (-24.0%; 95.0%CI: -25.0%; -22.0%), cardiovascular diseases (-30.0%; 95.0%
CI: -31.0%; -28.0%), and chronic respiratory diseases (-29.0%; 95.0%CI: -30.0%; -27.0%).
In addition, there was a decrease in the number of admissions, regardless of the age group,
sex, and region of Brazil. The Northern and Southern regions demonstrated the largest
decrease in the percentage of hospital admissions during the pandemic period.
Conclusions
There was a decrease in the hospitalization rate for NCDs in Brazil during the COVID-19
pandemic in a scenario of social distancing measures and overload of health services.
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GUIMARÃES, Rafael Alves et al. Analysis of the impact of coronavirus disease 19 on hospitalization rates for chronic non-communicable diseases in Brazil. Plos One, San Francisco, v. 17, n. 3, e0265458, 2022. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0265458. Disponível em: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8947087/. Acesso em: 1 abr. 2025.