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A global measurement tool to assess population health literacy fits all? A critical paper
(2025) Mialhe, Fábio Luiz; Moraes, Katarinne Lima; Vila, Vanessa da Silva Carvalho; Sampaio, Helena Alves de Carvalho; Brasil, Virginia Visconde; Rebustini, Flávio
Health Literacy (HL) is considered by the World Health Organization (WHO) as an important determinant of health and several instruments have been elaborated and adapted to measure this construct. In 2022, a group of researchers started a project aimed at developing a HL assessment instrument with global applicability, based on different versions of the European Health Literacy Survey Questionnaire (HLS-EU-Q). This article critically analyses the characteristics of those instruments to help improve health assessment practices and avoiding omitting measurement of locally important information, therefore committing an epistemic injustice..Analysis detected several flaws in the instruments’ aforementioned aspects and the conceptual model proposed by WHO which limits their application as global instruments. Countries worldwide should develop specific instruments to measure the general HL of their population based on its sociocultural characteristics and specificities of their health care systems thus avoiding wrong decision-making, which can compromise the effectiveness of policies resulting from these surveys.
Prevalence and factors associated with sarcopenia in elderly people referred by primary healthcare to a specialized service in an area of the Federal District of Brazil, 2015-2017
(2025) Pinheiro, Hudson Azevedo; Cerceau, Vera Regina; Pinheiro, Luana de Azevedo; Pagotto, Valéria
To estimate the prevalence of sarcopenia and identify associated factors by sex in elderly people referred by Primary Healthcare to a geriatrics and gerontology reference service in an area of the Federal District in the period of 2015-2017. Methods: This is a longitudinal study that used the criteria of the European Working Group of Sarcopenia in Older People (hand grip, calf circumference and usual gait speed), in addition to clinical aspects and socioeconomic data. Results: 500 elderly people were evaluated in an area of the Federal District, of which 32.6% were pre-sarcopenic, 32.2% were sarcopenic and 7.6% were severely sarcopenic. Risk factors (>70 years and urinary incontinence) and protection factors (high body mass index) were identified. Heart disease and osteoporosis were also identified as risk factors for women and, for men, visual impairment, and occurrence of falls in the last six months were the risk factors identified before the anamnesis. Conclusion: The prevalence of 32.2% of sarcopenia and 7.6% of severe sarcopenia was observed in elderly people treated by Primary Healthcare in the Federal District, and age >70 years old and urinary incontinence were identified as risk factors. High body mass index was considered a protective factor. These data highlighted the need for public health strategies aimed at preventing and treating sarcopenia, considering regional particularities and risk factors specific to each community.
Validade de medidas autorreferidas de força muscular diminuída em idosos
(2025) Mota, João Paulo Neves; Pereira, Cristina Camargo; Dias, Milara Barp; Nunes, Daniella Pires; Nunes, Cynthia Assis de Barros; Bachion, Maria Márcia; Pagotto, Valéria
Objectives: to analyze the validity of self-reported measures for screening decreased muscle strength in older adults. Methods: this cross-sectional study assessed muscle strength using the gold-standard Handgrip Strength (HGS) test and the application of four subjective measures: A = perceived reduction in strength; B = difficulty lifting 5 kg; C = low score on the SARC-F; and D = combination of measures A + B. Validity was determined through sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and accuracy, with a 95% confidence interval (95% CI). Results: a total of 18.7% of participants exhibited decreased muscle strength, while subjective measures showed a frequency variation between 74.2% and 35.5%. Measure A demonstrated the highest sensitivity, whereas Measure C exhibited the highest specificity. The accuracy of Measures A, B, C, and D was 61.5%, 41.2%, 34.8%, and 36.2%, respectively Conclusions: self-reported measures demonstrated low accuracy; however, Measures A and C, due to their ease of application, could be used in combination. Descriptors: Geriatric Assessment; Aging; Muscle Strength; Health of the Elderly; Sarcopenia.
Experiences of severe burn survivors in the hospital-to-home transition
(2025) Yagi, Karina da Silva Vale; Vila, Vanessa da Silva Carvalho; Ribeiro, Maysa Ferreira Martins; Brasil, Virginia Visconde
Objective: To understand the lived experience of severe burn survivors during the hospital-to-home transition. Methods: This qualitative study was conducted with 13 survivors (eight women and five men) at a burn reference center in Goiânia, Brazil. Data collection included medical records, phone contacts to confirm participation, and both remote and in-person interviews. The interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed through interpretative thematic analysis in six stages. Results: The main challenges faced by participants were physical sequelae (pain, scars, and changes in body image) and emotional distress. Barriers to returning to daily activities included social exclusion, job displacement, reduced income, and difficulty accepting the new body image, while family support was essential. Conclusion: The hospital-to-home transition requires comprehensive and continuous care, with a focus on social and occupational reintegration, as well as emotional support.
O tratamento da tuberculose e atenção primária: repercussão da pandemia COVID-19
(2025) Souza, Katia Lacerda de; Takahashi, Erika Mayumi; Ribeiro, Stephanie; Yamamoto, Thais Tiemi; Fernandes, Hugo; Cardozo Gonzales, Roxana Isabel; Hino, Paula
Objective: To analyze the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on tuberculosis treatment actions in Primary Health Care in the city of São Paulo. Methods: A quantitative, cross-sectional study was conducted in 80 health units distributed proportionally across regional health coordination offices of São Paulo. Participants were 80 health professionals working in tuberculosis control. Data collection was performed over a four-month period between 2022 and 2023. The Bonferroni post hoc test was used to compare the mean changes in treatment actions. The minimum measure of statistical significance adopted was p < 0.05. The Jamovi statistical program, version 2.3.28, was used in data analysis. Results: Changes in the request for sputum culture and collection of medication were reported in 2020 (21.2% and 47.4%), 2021 (21.2% and 39.5%) and 2022 (11.2% and 15.8%). Most units performed directly observed treatment of people with tuberculosis during the COVID-19 pandemic (91.3%), presenting a high level of change in 2020 (38.4%), a moderate level of change in 2021 (28.7%) and a low level of change in 2022 (8.2%). When evaluating the association of year, type of unit, regional health coordination office, change in the work process and increase in the workload, the association was only found for year and type of unit. Conclusion: This study showed that tuberculosis treatment actions in Primary Health Care in the city of São Paulo were impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, although to a lesser extent than expected.
Uso do aplicativo móvel AmamentaCoach: experiência de mães de bebês prematuros
(2025) Curan, Gabriela Ramos Ferreira; Silva, Guilherme Alves da; Silva, Isabella Vicente da; Fonseca, Luciana Mara Monti; Pimenta, Rosangela Aparecida; Castral, Thaíla Correa; Rossetto, Edilaine Giovanini
Objective: to understand the experience of mothers using the AmamentaCoach app in the breastfeeding process of premature babies. Method: a qualitative study with semi-structured interviews conducted with ten mothers. The methodological framework adopted was Thematic Content Analysis. The analysis of participants’ statements was guided by the hedonic and pragmatic aspects that make up an explanatory model of User Experience (UX). Results: there was an average of six accesses to the app, with a minimum of one and a maximum of 11 login records. Two categories emerged: “Hedonic potentials and challenges” and “Pragmatic potentials and challenges,” with four and three subcategories, respectively. The app incited curiosity, fulfilment, and fun, provided emotional and tangible support throughout physical separation, and was perceived as a reliable and targeted care tool for premature dyads. Final considerations: To our knowledge, this is the first study worldwide based on a theoretical UX model with mothers of premature babies who used a specific breastfeeding app. In the process toward initiating and establishing breastfeeding, opportunities to spend time on a smartphone may be limited; therefore, the moments a woman devotes to exploring an app should provide a pleasant experience that meets her main needs.
Primary health care response to tuberculosis treatment in Brazilian citiesduring the COVID-19 pandemic: a mixed-method study
(2025) Cardozo Gonzales, Roxana Isabel; Silva, Daiane Cardoso da; Oliveira, Johannes Abreu de; Sthal, Hellen Cristina; Souza, Paula Hino Sabrina da Silva de; Bertolozzi, Maria Rita; Ribeiro, Roberta Ramos; Santos, José Luís Guedes dos; Ribeiro, Stephanie; Guerrero, Claudia Susana Perez
Background: The interruption of tuberculosis care and monitoring activities during theCovid-19 pandemic resulted in delays in diagnosis and treatment of this disease, whichcompromised progress towards the goal of elimination.Objectives: Analyze tuberculosis-related activities offered in primary health care settings inBrazil during 2020–2022Methods: This mixed-method convergent parallel study was conducted in four state capitals,with the number of health units defined by sample calculation. Professionals in various areaswere interviewed as key informants in primary care services to investigate tuberculosis-related activities provided during the pandemic. Using these findings, we identified commonthemes in both the quantitative and qualitative dataResults: Four major themes were identified: ‘Consultations for people undergoing tuberculosistreatment within the context of health reorganization;’ ‘Compromised testing and surveillance;’‘Drug dispensing in collaborative activities to reduce the exposure of people undergoing treatment;’and ‘Changes in directly observed therapy to reduce infection risk.’ Changes in the tuberculosis-related activities were identified in all four cities during the study period; the mean rates of changewere lowest in São Paulo and higher in Goiânia and João Pessoa for nearly all the activities offered.Conclusions: Structural barriers must be identified in each city (such as laboratory networkfunction, reorganization strategies, and local and national directives) to address specific needsrelated to tuberculosis care during emergency situations and continue progress towardeliminating this disease.
Health literacy evaluation in Latin America and the Caribbean: a scoping review
(2025) Lima, Edmila Lucas de; Brasil, Virginia Visconde; Moraes, Katarinne Lima; Mendonça, Lívia Machado; Vila, Vanessa da Silva Carvalho; Sampaio, Helena Alves de Carvalho; Paula, Cristiane Cardoso de; Fonseca, Eliana Rosa da; Cardozo Gonzales, Roxana Isabel
Background: Health literacy (Hl) is crucial for individuals’ interactions with healthsystems and their engagement with health-related information. it is influenced bycultural and linguistic diversity, socioeconomic factors, and the structure of healthsystems. latin America and the caribbean, marked by significant inequities, provide aunique context for investigating Hl. Understanding the methods to evaluate Hl canenhance the practices of health professionals, guide policymaking, and improveeducational initiatives tailored to the specific needs of the region.Aim: this study aimed to map the methodological approaches used to evaluate Hlacross populations in latin America and the caribbean.Methods: this review followed the JBi Manual for Scoping Reviews. Databases such asMeDliNe, ciNAHl, ScOPUS, web of Science, eMBASe, ScielO, lilAcS, BDeNF, iBecS, andGoogle Scholar were searched in July 2023. it included primary research that examinedHl evaluation using both quantitative and qualitative approaches. the extracted datafocused on study characteristics, research design procedures, and the areas and levelsof Hl assessed.Results: we analyzed a total of 228 studies published between 2009 and 2022, with70% published since 2019. A significant portion of the research was conducted in Brazil,Mexico, chile, and Peru, utilizing a quantitative approach (91%), mainly via cross-sectionaldesigns. the remaining studies employed qualitative (5%) or mixed-methods (4%)approaches. Research design procedures included the use of tools (68.2%), structuredquestionnaires (20.6%), and semi-structured questionnaires (including focus groups andindividual interviews) (11.2%). Most studies targeted patients with chronic diseases inclinical settings, while migrants and indigenous populations were comparativelyunderstudied. the majority of studies addressed generic, oral, and nutritional Hl,primarily using tools such as NvS, S-tOFHlA, and SAHlPA. Despite the variety of toolsused, most focused on functional aspects of Hl, with limited attention to itsmultidimensional and evolving nature.Discussion: to bridge Hl gaps, countries in the region must develop culturally andlinguistically appropriate tools and focus on under-researched groups, includingindigenous peoples and migrants.PLAIN LANGUAGE SUMMARYHealth literacy (Hl) helps people understand and use health information to make goodchoices in health. in latin America and the caribbean, many people face challenges likepoverty and limited access to healthcare. this review looked at 228 studies from 2009to 2022 to see how Hl has been evaluated in the region. Most studies focused onpeople with chronic illnesses and basic health skills. Few included underserved groupslike indigenous peoples or migrants. More research, better tools, and stronger effortsare needed to make health systems easier for everyone to understand and use.
Enfrentamento da tuberculose durante a pandemia de COVID-19: o olhar das pessoas que a vivenciaram
(2025) Farias, Thaynara Eloise Baracho de Albuquerque; Sthal, Hellen Cristina; Silva, Valdízia Mendes e; Araújo, Aguinaldo José de; Hino, Paula; Cardoso Gonzales, Roxana Isabel; Bertolozzi, Maria Rita; Figueiredo, Tânia Maria Ribeiro Monteiro de
Objectives: to understand the repercussions of the COVID-19 pandemic on the management of tuberculosis, from the perspective of individuals who experienced the disease during this period. Methods: this is a descriptive study with a qualitative approach. Eleven individuals participated in the study, and semi-structured interviews were conducted. The data were processed using the IRAMUTEQ software (Interface de R pour les Analyses Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionnaires) and analyzed using content analysis techniques, as proposed by Bardin. Results: four categories emerged, through which it was possible to identify that the pandemic contributed to generating or exacerbating programmatic and social vulnerabilities, such as the lack of home visits and Directly Observed Treatment, treatment interruption, delays, and errors in diagnosis, as well as stigmatization. Final Considerations: There is an inferred need to strengthen policies and investments to ensure that tuberculosis control and monitoring actions are maintained, even during public health crises.
Determinants of academic adaptation and quality of life of university students in the Brazilian Amazon region
(2025) Silva, George Oliveira; Carneiro, Priscilla Rodrigues Caminha; Aredes, Natália Del' Angelo; Nascimento, Ladislau Ribeiro do
This study aimed to identify the determinants of academic adaptation and quality of life in university students. Through a cross-sectional design, 90 university students participated in the research, responding to a questionnaire focused on sociodemographic, academic, and health-related variables. The Academic Life Experiences Questionnaire and the Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey were used to evaluate academic adaptation and quality of life, respectively. Multiple linear regressions were performed to identify positive and negative predictors of these outcomes. The results showed that high scores in the physical and mental components of quality of life, living in the same city as the university, and receiving some types of scholarship were positive predictors of academic adaptation, while not performing physical activities was a negative predictor. The positive predictors of the physical component were income of more than two minimum wages, having no comorbidities, and being students of Black race. In contrast, the negative predictors were stressful factors such as the teaching method, evaluation method, and experiences during the internship. The mental component had only positive predictors, such as having no intention of dropping out and having no minor mental disorders. Academic adaptation was positively correlated with physical and mental components of quality of life. The findings of this study showed that university students’ academic trajectories have diverse influencing factors related to sociodemographic, academic, and health-related determinants.
Trends and spatial distribution of precarious work conditions for nurses in Brazil based on the type of employment bond
(2025) Aquino, Érika Carvalho de; Guimarães, Rafael Alves; Pagotto, Daniel do Prado; Duarte, Joseane Aparecida; Silva Filho, Antonio Isidro da; Borges Júnior, Cândido Vieira
Objective: to analyze the tendencies and spatial distribution of precarious work for nurses in Brazil, based on the type of employment relationships, between 2010 and 2023, according to the level of health care. Method: ecological study with data extracted from the National Registry of Health Establishments. The indicator analyzed was the percentage of precarious work relationships. The temporal tendency was assessed by the Prais-Winsten regression model and the spatial distribution was assessed by means of choropleth maps. Results: there was an increasing tendency in the precarious work of nurses in Brazil based on the type of employment relationships, regardless of the level of health care. The North region showed the highest percentages of increase in the indicator in Primary Health Care, Secondary Health Care, and Tertiary Health Care. The North and Northeast regions had the highest numbers of municipalities with a high percentage of precarious work conditions. Conclusion: the precariousness of nursing employment relationships showed an increasing tendency at all levels of health care, being higher in Primary Health Care and increasing more in Tertiary Health Care within the time horizon analyzed.
Trends and spatial clustering of hospitalizations due to primary health care sensitive conditions in children under five years in Brazil, 2008–2022
(2025) Silva, George Oliveira; Lima, Amanda de Calaça; Lemos, Lucimeire Fermino; Siqueira, Karina Machado; Guimarães, Rafael Alves; Aredes, Natália Del' Angelo
Objectives To evaluate the temporal trend and spatial cluster of hospitalizations due to primary health care sensitive conditions in children under 5 years old in Brazil, between 2008 and 2022. Study design Ecological study of temporal trends and spatial cluster conducted with data on hospitalizations in children under 5 years old in Brazil. Methods Data on hospitalizations due to primary health care sensitive conditions were included in the study in all Brazilian regions, disaggregated by states, regions, sex, and health conditions. Using data from the resident population, the standardized hospitalization rates were estimated and evaluated according to temporal trends by Prais-Winsten regression and spatial clusters by Hot Spot analysis. Results Between 2008 and 2022, 6,022,752 hospitalizations among children were recorded, with a significant decrease in rates throughout this period (p < 0.05). Hospitalizations due to immunization-preventable diseases and epilepsies were the only increasing rates. A negative relation was identified between the hospitalization rates in children under 5 years old and the coverage of the Family Health Strategy (p = 0.002), suggesting that the higher the coverage, the lower the hospitalization rates. The spatial clusters showed changes in the spatial distribution in the rate clusters. Conclusion The patterns of hospitalizations in children under 5 years old changed over the 15 years of the time series, reflecting investments in primary health care. However, the increasing rates reflect the need for surveillance and strengthening of the health care network to care for this population.
Desenvolvimento e validação teórica do jogo PedCresce sobre consulta de enfermagem à criança
(2025) Gratão, Bruna Gonçalves; Silva, George Oliveira; Aredes, Natália Del' Angelo
Objective: to develop and validate the PedCresce game content and appearance about nursing consultation with children in the context of Primary Health Care. Method: a descriptive and exploratory study to validate a board game with child health experts, conducted between 2022 and 2023. The Cardinot, McCauley and Fairfield guide for developing board games, developed to support educators, was adopted as a methodological framework. Content validity was verified by the Content Validity Index, and agreement was verified by the Modified Kappa Coefficient, with values >0.8 being considered validated. Results: of the 60 challenges that make up the game cards, 51 obtained satisfactory content validity indices and excellent inter-rater agreement, with nine being mandatorily revised according to experts’ suggestions. The assessment of pedagogical aspects and appearance of the game obtained excellent agreement. Conclusion and implications for practice: the PedCresce board game with 60 challenges was developed based on scientific literature and validated by experts, reaching more than 0.8 in the Content Validity Index and Kappa coefficient. The PedCresce game validity ensures the pedagogical relevance and quality of the information contained in the educational game, being a tool to support teaching and learning. Keywords: Nursing; Nursing Students; Gamification; Child Health; Educational Technology
A eficácia das intervenções de autocuidado para profissionais de saúde da atenção primária: uma revisão sistemática com metanálise
(2025) Monteiro, Aline Maciel; Martins, Guilherme; Silva, Claudio Herbert Nina e; Rocha, Belise Vieira Evangelista da; Barbosa, Maria Alves
Objective: To analyze the effectiveness of self-care support interventions on the health and well-being of Primary Health Care (PHC) workers. Method: This is a systematic review with meta-analysis, conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines and the JBI Manual for Evidence Synthesis. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and quasi-experimental studies published until December 2024 were included. The search was performed in databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and PsycINFO, using descriptors related to self-care, occupational health, and primary care. Results: Six studies met the inclusion criteria, totaling approximately 760 participants, including physicians, nurses, community health workers, and administrative staff. The interventions included individual and group coaching, mindfulness programs, and organizational support strategies. Results showed a significant reduction in burnout levels, improvement in emotional regulation, and an increase in psychological safety at work. Continuous and personalized interventions had a greater positive impact, especially among physicians and nurses. Conclusion: Organizational interventions combined with emotional regulation strategies show promising effects in promoting the mental health of PHC workers. These initiatives should be encouraged by public policies and integrated into the routine of health services as a way to address occupational stress, contributing to a healthier and more sustainable work environment.
Letramento funcional em saúde de pessoas com lesãomedularatendidas emumcentro de reabilitação
(2025) Silva, Francine Aguilera Rodrigues da; Prudente, Cejane Oliveira Martins; Vila, Vanessa da Silva Carvalho; Moraes, Katarinne Lima; Barbosa, Maria Alves; Porto, Celmo Celeno
Occupational factors on qol of university teachers
(2025) Silva, Flávio Henrique Rodrigues da; Barbosa, Maria Alves; Porto, Celmo Celeno; Sanchez, Eliane Gouveia de Morais; Silva, Luiz Almeida da; Maia, Ludmila Grego; Silva, Marianne Lucena da; Sanchez, Hugo Machado
This study aimed to analyze which work-related factors may influence the quality of life (QOL) and quality of work life (QWL) of academic teachers from different fields of knowledge, as well as to verify the correlation between QOL and QWL. It is a cross-sectional study in which data were collected using a sociodemographic questionnaire containing work-related questions, the WHOQOL-BREF, and the TQWL-42 instruments. The sample consisted of 284 academic teachers from various disciplines. The total population at the higher education institution (HEI) comprised 386 faculty members, and the sample size was determined using OpenEpi®, with a 95% confidence level. The results showed no significant differences in QOL and QWL between the different fields of knowledge. However, both QOL and QWL were influenced by several work-related factors, including higher remuneration, holding a statutory employment position, not needing to relocate from one’s home city to work as a professor, adequate lighting, comfortable room temperature, lower noise levels, sufficient material resources, and smaller class sizes. Additionally, a positive correlation between QOL and QWL was observed. In conclusion, both QOL and QWL are influenced by organizational and work-related conditions associated with the academic profession, rather than by disciplinary areas. These findings suggest that the work environment and personal life of academic staff are interdependent, and efforts to improve one may positively impact the other.
O uso de checklists em cirurgias oftalmológicas e a prevenção de eventos adversos: revisão integrativa
(2025) Silva, Mirian Pereira da; Martins, Guilherme; Silva, Edinamar Aparecida Santos da; Monteiro, Aline Maciel; Barbosa, Maria Alves
To evaluate the impact of implementing surgical safety checklists in reducing adverse events and improving patient safety in ophthalmic surgeries. Methods:An integrative review conducted using studies from the MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases. Randomized clinical trials, observational studies, and qualitative research were included. The analysis followed Bardin’s thematic synthesis, and the studies were assessed for the risk of bias.Results:Seventeen studies utilizing different checklists were analyzed. The WHO Surgical Safety Checklist was the most frequently applied, reducing errors in patient identification, incorrect surgical site marking, and improper intraocular lens implantation. Other checklists, such as the Universal Protocol and ClassIntra, also demonstrated a positive impact. The main barriers to implementation included workload overload, professional resistance, and lack of institutional standardization.Final considerations:The adoption of surgical checklists in ophthalmology reduces adverse events and enhances team communication but faces adherence challenges. Future studies should validate adapted versions and explore strategies to expand their implementation in clinical practice.
Effects of rehabilitation on the productivity among university professors with chronic musculoskeletal pain: a cross-sectional study
(2025) Pinto, Mônica Jordão de Souza; Mininel, Vivian Aline; Sato, Tatiana de Oliveira; Pereira, Lilian Varanda; Napoleão, Anamaria Alves ; Hortense, Priscilla
Purpose To examine how rehabilitation influences work productivity in university professors from Brazilian federal universities with chronic musculoskeletal pain, specifically by investigating its moderating effect on the relationship between pain intensity and productivity loss at work, as well as its mediating role in the association between self-efficacy for chronic pain and productivity loss at work. Design and Methods A cross-sectional study with 974 university professors experiencing chronic musculoskeletal pain conducted via virtual structured questionnaire including Numeric Pain Rating Scale, Work Limitations Questionnaire (WLQ-25), and Chronic Pain Self-Efficacy Scale (CPSS). Results Total 82.65% of faculty reported moderate to severe pain, and 50.62% were undergoing rehabilitation. The mean total self-efficacy score was 190.13, and mean productivity loss was 7.83%. Moderation analysis showed faculty undergoing rehabilitation had 2.62% productivity loss versus 3.07% for those not undergoing. Mediation analysis indicated a ß correlation coefficient of −0.000 for indirect effect and −0.029 for direct effect. Conclusions Rehabilitation does not decrease productivity loss as pain intensity increases; however, faculty undergoing rehabilitation exhibit lower productivity loss compared to those who do not. Higher levels of self-efficacy reduce productivity loss, and rehabilitation does not mediate this relationship.
Adaptação transcultural, validade e confiabilidade do SINBAD System Classification para o português do Brasil
(2025) Dias, Julliany Lopes; Borges, Eline Lima; Torres, Danubia Mendes e; Gamba, Mônica Antar; Pereira, Ângela Lima; Malaquias, Suelen Gomes; Barros, Luciana da Silva; Martins , Marlene Andrade; Guimarães, Rafael Alves; Bachion, Maria Márcia
Hepatitis C virus exposure prevalence and associated factors among incarcerated individuals in Central-West Brazil
(2025) Morais, Renata Oliveira Aquino; Carneiro, Megmar Aparecida dos Santos; Matos, Marcos André; Marques, Juliana Menara de Souza; Silva, Agabo Macedo da Costa e; Freitas, Nara Rubia; Kunert, Isabela da Silva; Sousa, Fabiana Ribeiro de; Pacheco, Luciene Pires Rosa da Cruz; Martins, Regina Maria Bringel
Incarcerated populations are disproportionately affected by the hepatitis C virus (HCV) due to overlapping social, structural, and behavioral vulnerabilities. However, epidemiological data from some regions in Brazil, a continental country, remain scarce. Therefore, this study estimated the HCV exposure prevalence and identified associated factors among inmates in Goiás, a state in the Central-West region of Brazil. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 1083 inmates from prison units in Goiás. All participants were interviewed, and their serum samples were tested for anti-HCV using ELISA and confirmed by a line immunoassay. The prevalence of anti-HCV was 2.2 % (95 % CI: 1.42-3.28). A multivariate analysis showed that age > 32 years (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 4.821; 95 % confidence interval [CI]: 1.492-15.574; p = 0.009), history of injectable drugs use (aOR = 4.536; 95 % CI: 1.685-12.212; p = 0.003), history of sexually transmitted infections (STIs, aOR = 3.313; 95 % CI: 1.213-9.049; p = 0.019), and HBV infection (aOR = 3.147; 95 % CI: 1.052-9.411; p = 0.040) were associated with HCV exposure. These findings revealed that the anti-HCV prevalence is higher among incarcerated individuals in Goiás than in the general population in Brazil, and the use of injectable drugs as the factor with the strongest association with HCV exposure emphasized the importance of HCV transmission through the parenteral route. Additionally, the association with HBV infection and previous STIs highlights the need for integrated screening of multiple infections and ongoing surveillance for HCV within the prison environment.

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