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Item IDADE, PESO, MORFOMETRIA CORPORAL E PRENHEZ EM NOVILHAS NELORE DOS 16 AOS 32 MESES(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2010-02-22) Abud, Lucas Jacomini; FIORAVANTI, Maria Clorinda Soares; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8772502020076257; SERENO, José Robson Bezerra; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0848686465662209The objective of this study was to characterize the age, weight and body morphometric measurements of Nellore heifers reared in Cerrado biome. Fifty-six heifers were experimentally exposed with bulls for determining the onset of their reproductive life. Body weight, condition and measurements of the heifers were evaluated every 60 days between 16 and 32 months of age. The following body measurements were registered: withers height, rump height, body length, head length, rump length, ear length, distance between ribs, distance from dorsal spine to belly, distance from ground to belly, head width, rump width, width between ischiums, ear width, cannon bone perimeter, tail implantation perimeter and thoracic perimeter. The average age at the onset of their reproductive life and the mean body weight were 28,74±2,81 months and 333,83±39,13 kg, respectively. Significant difference were observed for the following measurements: withers height, rump height, body length, rump length, head width, rump width, width between ischiums, tail implantation perimeter, thoracic perimeter and body condition score. Higher morphometric measurement values were observed in pregnant animals. The age in which the animals achieved the onset of their reproductive life in this study was similar to the ones described for Zebu females in the literature. In this case, more studies on genetic improvement and management alternatives are needed to anticipate the onset of the heifers´ reproductive life. The body morphometric mensuraments were higher in the pregnant heifers, indicating that the morphometric records can be an important tool to identify precocious Nellore females. The objective of this study was to characterize the age, weight and body morphometric measurements of Nellore heifers reared in Cerrado biome. Fifty-six heifers were experimentally exposed with bulls for determining the onset of their reproductive life. Body weight, condition and measurements of the heifers were evaluated every 60 days between 16 and 32 months of age. The following body measurements were registered: withers height, rump height, body length, head length, rump length, ear length, distance between ribs, distance from dorsal spine to belly, distance from ground to belly, head width, rump width, width between ischiums, ear width, cannon bone perimeter, tail implantation perimeter and thoracic perimeter. The average age at the onset of their reproductive life and the mean body weight were 28,74±2,81 months and 333,83±39,13 kg, respectively. Significant difference were observed for the following measurements: withers height, rump height, body length, rump length, head width, rump width, width between ischiums, tail implantation perimeter, thoracic perimeter and body condition score. Higher morphometric measurement values were observed in pregnant animals. The age in which the animals achieved the onset of their reproductive life in this study was similar to the ones described for Zebu females in the literature. In this case, more studies on genetic improvement and management alternatives are needed to anticipate the onset of the heifers´ reproductive life. The body morphometric mensuraments were higher in the pregnant heifers, indicating that the morphometric records can be an important tool to identify precocious Nellore females.Item Ultrassonografia abdominal de tamanduás-bandeira (Myrmecophaga tridactyla) machos e fêmeas(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2017-06-26) Albuquerque, Luíza Lucena de; Martins, Danieli Brolo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2159963349521553; Borges, Naida Cristina; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9181279951885005; Martins, Apostolo Ferreira; Simm, Rejane Guerra RibeiroThe giant anteater (Myrmecophaga tridactyla) is a wild mammal of the superorder of Xenarthras, native to Central and South America, which is currently classified as vulnerable in the list of endangered species. A fact that can have as causes, from the territorial advance of the agricultural activities to the constructions of roads and fires. Scientific research is of great importance for the conservation of species included in this list and there is a dearth of data about the anteater. Among these information to be collected, there is little information about ultrasound examination in this species. The absence of a reference standard for performing and evaluating ultrasonographic examination for specific species may limit the application of this test and disrupt the establishment of an accurate diagnosis. For these reasons, the aim of this study was to establish a reference standard for the ultrasonographic evaluation of the abdomen of male and female giant anteaters. For this, 10 adult animals, five females and five males, clinically healthy, were used from the Fundação Jardim Zoológico de Brasília. The animals were anesthetized using the Foundation's own protocol, the animals were placed in dorsal decubitus position, and then a wide tricotomy of the abdomen was performed to allow abdominal scanning. The visible structures were established in the abdominal ultrasound examination of the anteaters, have also been established: topographic position, anatomical relationships, ecotexture and echogenicity of: urinary vesicle, uterus, testes, kidneys, spleen, liver, stomach and intestines. It has also been described the presence of alterations in some animals, such as: an animal with intrauterine fluid; an animal with hepatomegaly; an animal with splenomegaly; and thre animals with abdominal fluid. It has been verified that the abdominal ultrasound examination of anteater can be performed according to what is already recommended for dogs and cats and its evaluation and interpretation can be compared with the examinations of domestic mammals as well as descriptions already documented in other species of mammals Wild.Item Efeito da temperatura e do tempo de armazenamento de amostras de leite cru nos resultados das análises eletrônicas(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2015-08-21) Almeida , Thamara Venâncio de; Rezende, Cíntia Silva Minafra e; Oliveira, Antonio Nonato de; Nicolau, Edmar Soares; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9601723963736071; Nicolau, Edmar Soares; Silva, Marcos Antônio Pereira da; Arnhold, EmmanuelFor assessing compliance with the quality requirements established by the Normative Instruction No. 62, a milk sample each property or community tank should be analyzed on a monthly basis by one of the laboratories accredited by the Brazilian Laboratories Network for Milk Quality Control . There are still doubts about what would be the maximum temperature and the time of milk sample storage without jeopardizing the results of the electronic analysis. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of temperature and storage time of cooled samples of raw milk on the results of milk quality electronic analysis. Refrigerated raw milk samples were collected from expansion tanks for individual use of farms located in the middle region of the state of Goiás, and stored at four different temperatures (3 °C, 11 °C, 17 °C and 25 °C) for 16 days. Total bacterial count (TBC), somatic cell count (SCC) and chemical composition were performed daily. The results were submitted to analysis of variance in split plot design in randomized blocks, and the means were compared by Duncan test. We concluded that, when azidiol is added as preservative to samples for TBC, they can be analyzed up to 16 days after collection when stored at temperatures of 3 °C and 11 °C, and up to 10 days when stored at 17 °C. Moreover, when bronopol is added as preservative, samples for SCC and chemical composition analysis can be stored for up to 16 days after collection when stored at temperatures of 3 °C and 11 °C, and for up to seven days when stored at 17 °C.Item Detecção de genes de virulência e suscetibilidade a antimicrobianos de escherichia coli isoladas de ovos de pata (cairina moschata)(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2014-08-07) Almeida, Ana Maria de Souza; Jayme, Valéria de Sá; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0603234425928309; Andrade, Maria Auxiliadora; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9441751521255467; Andrade, Maria Auxiliadora; Barbosa, Silvia Minharro; Café, Marcos BarcellosDuck is the most important species of waterfowl reared in Brazil, however, there are no studies about the risk of duck eggs in the food chain. The main objective of this study was to outline the main characteristics of waterfowl farms, integrating the risk factors associated with E. coli infection in birds and humans, verify the presence of E.coli in 38 and 25 dozen of duck eggs from markets and subsistence farms in Federal District and Goiás State, determining the pathogenic profile and the antimicrobial resistance profile. Each dozen eggs accounted for three samples: a sample pool of eggshell, pool of albumen and a pool of yolk, totaling samples.The information obtained by questionnaires applied during the visit to the farms revealed no vaccination program, or supply of balanced feed for ducks were employed. Duck were reared with chicken and the contact between the animals occurred since incubation. Through bacteriology, we isolated and identified E.coli in 17.10% (97/567) of samples of duck eggs. In PCR for the detection of the virulence genes papC, tsh, and eae and of the resistance gene iss, of 97 positives samples to E. coli, 35 samples were positive for virulence genes, 31.8% (14/44) came from farms and 39.6% (21/53) from markets. The search of genes in E.coli isolates revealed 15.4% positive to papaC, (15/97) , 21.6% (21/97) positive to tsh, 17.5% (17/97) positive to iss, and 2% (2/97) positive to eae .It conclusion, there are pathogenic strains for both birds and humans, circulating in anseriformes eggs. The investigation of antimicrobial resistance combined with the research of virulence and resistance genes in E. coli isolates obtained from eggs of ducks is an important tool to determine the risk these birds may bring to both poultry health and of public health.Item Isolamento De Staphylococcus Spp. Multirresistentes Da Pele De Cães Saudáveis E Com Piodermite(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2011-03-01) ALMEIDA, Greyciele Rodrigues de; ANDRADE, Maria Auxiliadora; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9441751521255467; DAMASCENO, Adilson Donizeti; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3900110295277130; SILVA, Olízio Claudino da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7787082855013504Item Desempenho, comportamento e composição corporal de touros da raça nelore classificados pelo consumo alimentar residual(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2014-02-24) Almeida, Thiago Santos; Franco, Gumercindo Loriano; Hellmeister Filho, Paulo; Padua, João TeodoroThe residual feed intake is a measure of feed efficiency that is independent of weight gain and adult weight. With this you can select efficient animals without compromising the size at maturity of the animals. Faced with the need to understand the factors that influence the variability in efficiency of feed utilization by cattle, aimed to evaluate the performance, behavior and estimated body composition of Bos Indicus . Hundred and nineteen Nellore with a mean age of 18 months (±36 days) and average weight of 392 kg (±47kg) for the classification of animals of high, medium and low feed efficiency were used . The experimental design was completely randomized and the criterion for classification of animals for residual feed intake (RFI) used was 0,5 standard deviations above or below the average, which showed a percentage of 32 % of the total for better efficiency (low RFI), 43,7 % average and 24,3 % showed low efficiency (high RFI). The animals were housed in individual pens for 83 days provided with feed trough and drinking fountain. The supplied diet contained 68,4 % total digestible nutrients (TDN) and 11,3 % crude protein (CP) in a ratio of 62,6 % concentrate and 37,4 % forage. The consumption ratio and the predicted dry matter intake observed showed a coefficient of determination of 0,5462. Metabolic mean body weight of the animals, the average daily gain, initial body weight, final and metabolizable energy intake showed no significant association with residual feed intake (P>0,05). Significant correlations between the CAR and dry matter intake (DMI) (r= 0,57), feed conversion (FC) (r=-0,38) and feed efficiency (EA) (r=0,42) were found. The less efficient animals that were older than those with the highest efficiency (P<0,05). As for the ultrasound measurements (loin eye area, fat thickness and rump fat thickness) and also for body composition (muscle tissue, fat and bone) there was no significant difference (P<0,05) between the classes CAR. The first evaluation of escape velocity (V1) showed a significant difference (P< 0,05) between classes of CAR, as well as the time lying ruminating (P<0,05). Selected for low RFI animals have better efficiency in the use of food without compromising body composition, and present more docile animals at the end of the study.Item Produção e manejo de resíduos de serviços de saúde gerados em hospital veterinário(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2010-02-12) ALVES, Cláudia Bueno; TIPPLE, Anaclara Ferreira Veiga; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4288704233343920; JAYME, Valéria de Sá; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0603234425928309; SILVA, Olízio Claudino da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7787082855013504Usual practices in health stablishments, both human and animal, produce a considerable quantity of residues that potentially represents risks to health of the internal community and the population. These wastes demand special management, with or without treatment prior to the final destination. Consequently, the processing constitutes a vital topic to occupational safety of the employees who handling them, such as to the public health and environment. Thus, this study aimed to analyze aspects of the control of residues produced at the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal University of Goiás (HV/UFG). The waste was classified in four groups (GA, GB, GD and GE) accordling to its nature: infectious, chemical, common and drill-sharp, respectively. The evaluation of the residues management was performed using a checklist prepared in accordance with actual legislation and after its validation and application in all sectors of the HV/UFG. The qualifying and quantifying were made through the inspection and weighing of these products. The study was carried out from may 04 to July 17, 2009. As results, it was observed that the management adopted in HV/UFG wasn t fully in accordance with the sanitary regime. Among the critical points observed, it can be outstand the inappropriate separation, identification and storage of the health services waste, poor training of the professionals involved, as well as, insufficient structural conditions. From the previously waste conditioned as GA, it was observed that only 28,5% were appropriately classified as GA. The rest, 2% was GB, 0.5% was GE and 69% was GD. It can be concluded that if the segregation was performed properly in accordance of sanitary legislation, could occur a reduction up to 71% of the contaminated residues. This result can be considered relevant because it implicate in considerable reduction in costs for the treatment of the health services waste, just as in the prevention of infectious diseases and occupational accidents during the handling of these residues.Item Desempenho a pasto de novilhos mestiços de origem leiteira suplementados com níveis energéticos(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2010-02-26) Alves, Verônica Auxiliadora; Padua, João Teodoro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0308044304591375The objective of this trial was to evaluate the productive and economic performance of dairy crossbred steers, reared on Brachiaria Brizantha pasture that received two levels of energetic supplementation during wet/dry transition and four levels during dry/wet transition seasons. During the wet season, forty-eight milk crossbred steers (Holstein x Zebu), with initial average weight of 123 kg and average age of 10 months were used. The treatments consisted of two levels of energy supplementation, 1% of BW, considered high, and 0.5% of BW, considered medium. During dry season, fortyfour fourteen-month-old milk crossbred steers (Holstein x Zebu) were used. The treatments consisted of two high levels of concentrate (1.6% and 1% of BW) and two medium levels of concentrate (0.8% and 0.5% of BW). The supplementation was composed of ground corn and mineral mixture, with urea addition during dry season. A completely randomized experimental design was used. The means were compared by F test at 5% probability in the first experiment and by Tukey test in the second one. The data were analyzed by SAS (1997). The average daily weight gain and final weight were similar between treatments in wet/dry transition. The thoracic measurement indicates a good ponderal development. Energetic supplementation of crossbred milk steers was economically viable, and the medium level (0.5% of BW) presented higher profitability than the high level (1% of BW). In dry season, the energy supplementation improved daily weight gain and the body measures of growing milk crossbred steers reared on pasture. Body length and scrotal perimeter indicated better body development. Milk crossbred steers supplemented on pasture with energy levels ranging from 0.5 to 1.6% should be commercialized for the price of live animal. And, in this case, the lowest level of supplementation (0.5% of BW) should be used for better profitability.Item Perfilhamento e valor nutritivo de pastagens de capins marandu e xaraés[BRACHIARIA BRIZANTHA (HOSCHST EX A. RICH.) STAPF.] sob manejo intermitente e doses de nitrogênio e potássio(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2010-08-05) AMARAL, Alliny das Graças; CARNEVALLI, Roberta Aparecida; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6658650497110299; FRANCA, Aldi Fernandes de Souza; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0724478254270327The pastures are formed by a population of plants and each plant is formed by basic units called tillers. Management practices allow the knowledge of the processes of tillering. The nutritional value of pasture is determined by chemical composition of the plant and its digestibility may be affected by nutrient supply, the station year and the grazing management. An experiment was conducted at Embrapa Rice and Beans-Midwest Center for Dairy Research, in order to evaluate the tillering and nutritive value of grasses and Marandu Xaraés fertilized with nitrogen (N) and potassium (K) (0, 100, 200 and 300 kg / ha / year), from December 2007 to May 2008. The experiment was complete block design with three replications. Data Tiller were grouped in four seasons during the trial period for the variable tiller density (DPP) and three times for other variables (TAP, TSP, and TMP IEP). The evaluation of tillering was held in an area demarcated by tillers known. From the initial population, each grazing were identified new populations of tillers, marked with different colored wires. For the value data nutrition were evaluated in the dry season and water. The collection of samples was performed by simulated grazing were analyzed and the CP, NDF, ADF, lignin and IVDMD. In the review of DPP, there were dose effect (P = 0.0510) and age (P <0.0001), and after the grazing periods, the DPP is stabilized. No differences were found between seasons for the rate of tillers (TAP) to treat 300 kg of N and K / ha / year. In rainy season, the mortality rate of tillers (TMP) were lower the dose of 300 kg N and K / ha / year. The survival rate of tillers (TSP) was higher in water at a dose of 300 kg N and K / ha / year and 200 kg of N and K / ha / year, not different from the other doses. The stability index of tillers (IEP) remained above 1.0 in all treatments and times. For capimxaraés, the linear increase in fertilizer levels stimulated tillering with the increase in DPP to 300 kg of N and K / ha / year. Waters, the dose of 100 kg of N and K / ha / year showed higher TAP. The other doses and times not differed. In the waters between 0 and 100 kg of N and K / ha / year yielded the highest TMP. However, the dose of 100 kg of N and K / ha / year did not vary from 200 kg N and K / ha / year, with intermediate values. At a dose of 300 kg of N and K / ha / year were observed the lowest TMP. It was observed that the pastures fertilized 300 kg of N and K / ha / year had the highest TSP in relation to too, for the waters. The highest values were found in the TSP dry seasons. The stability index of tillers (IEP) remained above 1.0 in all treatments and times. At a dose of 300 kg of N and K / ha / year was observed the highest TSP during the rainy season, although the highest values have been in the dry season. The NDF, ADF and lignin were not influenced by fertilization, but the ADF (33.40 and 31.20% respectively) and lignin (3.93% and 2.97, respectively) were higher in the rainy season. The average CP of pastures were not affected by fertilization, except for CP content pastures fertilized with 200 kg N and K / ha / year was higher (P = 0.0353) during the rainy season. The concentration of NDF pastures fertilized with N were 7.7 and 7.1% lower (P = 0.0368) than Unfertilized, in times of rainy and dry seasons, respectively. The levels Average ADF were not affected by fertilization, but the average content FDA pastures in the rainy season was lower (P = 0.0933) than during the drought. The average content of lignin pastures fertilized with 200 kg of N and K / ha / year was higher (P = 0.0547) than in pastures fertilized with 100 N and K / ha / year (2.27 and 3.86% respectively). The average IVDMD of pasture was higher Unfertilized (P = 0.0476) than that of pastures fertilized with 200 kg of N and K / ha / year, and in rainy season, the IVDMD of pasture was not fertilized greater than that of fertilized pastures. In the pastures fertilized with 300 kg of N and K / ha / year, IVDMD in the rainy season was higher (P = 0.0155) than in the dry season. Pastures xaraés unfertilized grass are prone to susceptibility degradation in the short term and it is recommended fertilization rates above 200 kg N and K / ha / year. Grazing management based on light interception proved valid for pastures that receive manure. Pastures are fertilized more stable compared to the dynamics of tillering. There was no variation IVDMD significantly due to fertilization rates and periods studied with always harvested forage in the same physiological maturity. When the pasture was managed based on IL fertilization affected only the CP. Fertilization did not affect the nutritional value of grass xaraés subjected to grazing management IL-based.Item AVALIAÇÃO DO EFEITO DA INOCULAÇÃO DE Salmonella Enteritidis EM OVOS EMBRIONADOS E EM PERUS DE UM DIA(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2008-08-28) ANDRADE, Carla Yoko Tanikawa de; CAFÉ, Marcos Barcellos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9860968235125158; STRINGHINI, José Henrique; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8505634095383289; ANDRADE, Maria Auxiliadora; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9441751521255467This study was divided into two experiments, referring to incubation and early phase. The incubation experiment had as principal aims evaluated incubation yield, the capacity to penetrate through the eggshell and the ability to colonize the gastrointestinal tract. Four hundred fertilized turkey eggs for BUT9 strain were distributed in four treatments: CCS and CCM (inoculation of placebo in eggshell and air cell, respectively); ICS and ICM (inoculation with 4,2 X 104 UFC/mL of Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica sorovar Enteritidis in eggshell and air cell, respectively). Incubation parameters calculated were: fertility, total hatchability, hatchability of fertile eggs and poult yield. Salmonella was examined in eggshell, inner and outer membranes, albumen/yolk, embryo and, after hatched, in meconium in all poult. Qualitative results were analyzed by qui-square test. It was verified that the agent maintained feasible in eggshell during the hole incubation and migrated to egg components. Incubation parameters were not affected by the pathogen inoculated in eggshell. It was also observed that Salmonella Enteritidis inoculated in air cell determined early embryo mortality, while the control treatment influenced the mortality periods in relation with CCS. The intestinal colonization of Salmonella occurred in poults derived from eggshell experimental inoculation. In the second experiment, 135 poults derived from inoculation through eggshell and drinking water were evaluated by the effects of Salmonella Enteritidis to colonize the gastrointestinal tract, determine systemic infection, hurt the intestinal integrity and change the performance variables. At 10, 20 and 28 days, turkeys and feed were weighted to constitute calculation of performance variables. After weighage, five turkeys from each treatment were necropsied to obtain datas of weight and bacterial isolation of intestine, liver, spleen and heart. Qui-square test was employed to qualitative variables and the Anova procedure to quantitative variables and average compared by Tukey test (5%). The intestinal colonization increase significantly during early phase in treatment inoculate through eggshell, but none in treatment inoculated in drinking water. The intestine showed maximum development at 10 days and higher weight at first, 10th and 28th when Salmonella was present. The digestive and absorptive capacity was impaired in infected birds. Salmonella was capable of colonized gastrointestinal tract and established systemic infection. Mortality rate was high during first week of age, with less clinical signs or anatomopathological lesionsItem Avaliação físico-química de meias-carcaças bovinas resfriadas e de cortes dessossados sob emprego do filme stretch(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2014-09-30) Andrade, Patrícia Bueno; Prado, Cristiano Sales; Romero, Rolando Alfredo Mazzoni; Lage, Moacir Evandro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2053334263459111; Lage, Moacir Evandro; Bueno, Cláudia Peixoto; Nicolau, Edmar SoaresIn the carcass cooling process, some important physical and chemical characteristics, such as weight loss, can be affected by the cooling method and speed. The weight loss during cooling is considered natural and is usually caused by superficial dehydration and exudation of carcasses, and has major economic consequences for meat industry, which tends to seek methods to improve yields and profits of slaughter. Accordingly, one proposed method is the use of stretch polyethylene film, which involves the half-carcass and reduces evaporation and water loss to the environment. Considering these aspects, this study evaluated the physicochemical quality of beef half-carcasses after healthy maturation of boneless meat cuts using stretch film. The experiment consisted of two stages with a total of 482 animals. The first stage comprised two slaughters of 241 carcasses in each one. Before healthy maturation, the carcasses were sectioned in half-carcasses and then divided into two groups; coated (right half-carcass) and uncoated (control - left halfcarcass). Each group was placed in a different chamber. All half-carcasses were weighed before and after maturation to calculate weight loss by evaporation. Half-carcasses of the coated group were previously involved in the film. We randomly selected four half-carcasses from one chamber, and the corresponding half-carcasses from the other chamber, where temperature, pH and color measurements were carried out. The half-carcasses remained within the chamber for a minimum period of 24 hours. In the second stage, we randomly withdrew 25 pieces of two kinds of cuts (eye round and knucle) from the half-carcasses of the two slaughters, totaling 200 cuts, and stored them for periods of seven, 15, 30, 45 and 60 days. In each period, five samples of each type of cut (eye round and knucle) and each group (control and stretch), 20 samples per day, from the two slaughters, totaling 200 samples. Analyses of weight loss by exudation, temperature, pH, water holding capacity (WHC) and humidity were carried out at the Laboratory of Physical-Chemistry of the Food Research Centre, School of Veterinary and Animal Science (UFG). Significant reduction (p <0.05) was observed in the weight loss of half-carcasses using the film during the first 24 hours of cooling, where losses have reduced from 2.29% to 1.27%. Significant effect of the plastic film was observed on the temperature of the half-carcasses (p<0.05), being the coated ones 1.18ºC warmer than the uncoated ones. The plastic did not affect the pH decrease (p>0.05), but it affected the color (p<0.05). Effect of the film (p<0.05) was verified on exudation losses, temperature, humidity and WHC of the stocked meat cuts. From the results, we concluded that the stretch film is an efficient technique that reduces weight losses during carcasses cooling; however, it hinders the reduction of temperature inside the carcasses, thus promoting microbial growth and physical and chemical changes in the meat. Storing the meat cuts from the coated half-carcasses, exudation losses, temperature, water holding capacity and moisture were affected by use of the technique.Item Prevalência e distribuição espacial da cisticercose e fasciolose bovina no estado de Goiás(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2017-03-08) Aquino, Fernanda Martins de; Monteiro , Caio Márcio de Oliveira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2496419306394657; Fernandes, Éverton Kort Kamp; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2135541732341157; Lopes, Welber Daniel Zanetti; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4480577038117234; Lopes, Welber Daniel Zanetti; Silveira Neto, Osvaldo José da; Borges, Lígia Miranda FerreiraAmongst the several parasite-diseases that may be found on the bovine species slaughter line, cysticercosis surely is the most frequent one. Besides being a zoonosis and a public health issue, it also causes great economic losses on the Brazilian meat productive chain. On the other hand, fasciolosis, also considered a zoonosis, has a lower occurrence when compared to cysticercosis, fact that may be due to its epidemiologic dynamics. Aiming to learn the level of infection of these zoonosis in the bovine herd of the state of Goiás, this project was undertaken with the scope of determining the prevalence and spatial distribution, as well to evaluate the association with some epidemiologic variables with the occurrence of these diseases and also to estimate economic losses inflicted on the producers and industries. A retrospective study was carried out on a total of 23.255.979 animals slaughtered per year, mesoregions and microregions. The data were used to create one epidemiologic map for bovine cysticercosis and one for bovine fasciolosis, gathering all cities of the state of Goiás. A prevalence of bovine cysticercosis on the state of Goiás of 0,53% (CI 95% 0,5295 – 0,5354), where the percentage of viable cysticercosis was 42,31%, non-viable cysticercosis 57,69% and the presence of bovine fasciolosis was de 0,0026% (CI 95% 0,0024 – 0,0028). The mesoregion Centro presented a greater chance (OR = 4,44) of finding positive cattle for cysticercosis when compared to the mesoregions Norte (OR = 1) and Nordeste (OR = 1,02), whilst the mesoregions diagnosed with greater chances of finding animals positive for fasciolosis, due to having a greater effective herd (p ≤ 0,05), were Noroeste, Sul, part of the region Centro and two cities of the region Leste of the state. The losses estimated for the evaluated period, from 2007 to 2014, ranged from R$ 64.809.817,50 (US$ 20.574.545,24) due to the presence of cysticercosis, and around R$ 15.072,75 (US$ 4.785) due to the presence of Fasciola hepatica in bovine liver. Such results outline the importance of developing strategic measures and action policies to try and control the spreading of these relevant zoonosis.Item Utilização de ácido butírico encapsulado no controle de Salmnoella enterica sorovar enteritidis em frangos de corte experimental inoculados(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2014-02-25) Araújo, Angélica Ribeiro; Stringhini, José Henrique; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8505634095383289; Porto, Regiane Nascimento Gagno; Andrade, Maria Auxiliadora; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9441751521255467; Andrade, Maria Auxiliadora; Jardim Filho, Roberto Moraes; Leandro, Nadja Susana MojicaThe present study aimed to evaluate the encapsulated butyric acid in the control of Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis, performance and systemic health of broiler chickens experimentally inoculated. 576 one-day-old male chicks were distributed in a completely randomized design with eight treatments and six replications each. The poultries were inoculated orally at one-day-old with 0.3 ml of phosphate buffered saline, containing approximately 2.0 x 10 6 CFU/ml of Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis. Treatment 1 (T1) was the control group (Placebo); T2 - received butyric acid at a dose of 0.03%; T3 - received butyric acid at a dose of 0.075%; T4 - received the butyric acid at a dose of 0.15%; T5 -group inoculated orally (Positive Control SE); T6 - inoculated orally treated with 0.03%; T7 - inoculated orally treated with 0.075%; T8 - inoculated orally treated with 0.15%. At 22 days of age, the chickens were reinfected with 0.5 ml of phosphate buffered saline containing concentration greater than 1.0 x 10 9 CFU/ml of Salmonella. Butyric acid favored the performance up to 21 days. The acid reduced the intestinal population E. coli. The intestinal pH did not differ by butyric acid, however Salmonella caused a reduction. At 14 days, the acidification effected the growth of the villi of the jejunum and Salmonella caused a reduction in the villous and greater relation villi : crypt in the duodenum and jejunum. No Salmonella was isolated from cloacal swabs collected from poultries that received the dose of 0.03%. Salmonella reduced intestinal weight. The colonization of Salmonella in organs at eight and 28 days of age was reduced in the presence of acid. Liver weight was smaller in the inoculated poultries and larger in the non-inoculated poultries and treated with 0.03% at 15 days. The spleen was smaller than in inoculated poultries which received the dose of 0.03%, at eight days. Salmonella reduced the bursa weight at 15 days.Dietary acidification reduced the lymphoid depletion in the inoculated group. Salmonella influenced the antibody production against Newcastle Disease and Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis. The dose of 0.15% increased the antibody production against Newcastle Disease in the inoculated groups and antibodies against Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis in the non-inoculated group at 42 days. The mortality of poultries did not differ between treatments. We conclude that, among the investigated dosages, the inclusion of 0.03% yielded the best results in performance and beneficial effects on intestinal health and organ biometrics. The dose of 0.15% improved humor immunity of the poultries.Item Parâmetros de incubação e condutância da casca de ovos de matrizes pesadas de diferentes idades e incubadoras(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2013-03-05) Araújo, Itallo Conrado Sousa de; Gonzales, Elisabeth; Mello, Heloísa Helena de Carvalho; Leandro, Nadja Susana Mogyca; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3136809931691012; Leandro, Nadja Susana Mogyca; Jardim Filho, Roberto de Moraes; Café, Marcos BarcellosThis study aimed to assess the age of the breeder broiler and the machine type incubation on hatching parameters, the window hatch, embriodiagnosis and physical quality newborn chicks. We also evaluated the technique for measuring the conductance of the eggshell fragments using bark and also the correlation of the conductance values with parameters of incubation. In Experiment 1 was used in DBC design, and using DIC for embriodiagnosis. In a 2x3 factorial - multi-stage machines (MS) or single (SS) and ages of breeder (29w, 35w and 59w). In experiment 2 was randomized in DBC. In a 3x3 factorial scheme - region of the eggshell (blunt end, equator, pointy end) and ages of breeder (29w, 35w and 59w). The variables were subjected to analysis of variance and means were compared by quantitative and qualitative Tukey test (5%) and Kruskal-Wallis (5%) respectively, although the data for embriodiagnosis were subjected to Fisher's exact test (5%). In experiment 1 there was no interaction between treatments (P> 0.05), verifying, however, differences (P <0.05) for some of the results. The machine did not influence incubate the eggs hatch (P> 0.05). Arrays with older age (59w) had higher rates of infertility (6.84%) and lower hatching rates (88.26%). The early embryonic mortality (0-4 d) was higher (5.47%) in the eggs of breeders 59w. The hatch window was lower (P <0.05) for eggs incubated in SS. The weight of the eggs hatched followed the age pattern, influencing the weights of newborns. The chicks from SS machines had higher birth weight, weight and net weight of the shipment (P <0.05). Chicks from the SS had higher quality physical scores and length. For the results of experiment 2 there was no interaction between the treatments for conductance or shell thickness (P> 0.05). The breeders aged influenced conductance being greater in eggs from breeders of 59w (0.323 mg d1-1 torr), the region of the shell being affected conductance region of the thin edge was lower (0.024 mg d-1 torr -1). The shell thickness was similar peel breeders derived from 29w or 35w, being higher (P <0.05) the thickness found in egg shells breeders 59w. The largest thickness found in the region of the pointy tip (P <0.05). There was an interaction (P <0.05) for the porosity of the eggshell conductance and bark. Regardless of age, the tip region has a higher number of large pores. Regarding age, the wide end regions of the equator and exhibit significant increases (P <0.05) pores. Weak correlations were found between the average conductance of the shell eggs and incubation parameters. Weak correlations were also observed between the average thickness of the eggshell and incubation parameters. There was a strong positive correlation (P <0.05) between the average porosity of the shell eggs and some parameters of incubation. It was concluded that both machines offer conditions for embryonic development without affecting the hatching rate, however the physical quality of the chicks was better in newborns chicks from the single stage machine. Yet, the technique using fragments of eggshell can be used to measure the conductance of the shell. The porosity of the eggshell was better correlated with parameters of incubation.Item Composição de urólitos vesicais de cães determinada por espectroscopia de energia dispersiva (EDS) e análise química(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2014-11-04) Ariza , Paula Costa; Silva, Luiz Antônio Franco da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0446055905975647; Borges, Naida Cristina; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9181279951885005; Fioravanti, Maria Clorinda Soares; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8772502020076257; Fiovaranti, Maria Clorinda Soares; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8772502020076257; Santos, Tatiane Oliveira dos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5507702788408315; Lima, Aline Maria Vasconcelos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9400081245263251Urolithiasis is frequently and recurrently observerd on dogs.. Uroliths are crystalline concretions that form in the lumen of the urinary tract due to urine oversaturation by minerals. They may lead to serious consequences, such as obstruction of the urinary flow. An efficient treatment depends on the compositional analysis of the uroliths This study aimed to evaluate the composition of dog’s urinary calculi in the city of Goiânia, by using chemical analysis and energy dispersive spectroscopy – EDS. Comparisons between the composition found and individual and clinical characteristics of the patients were made, as well as comparisons between both techniques. Analysis were held on 55 surgical removed uroliths fom the bladder of dogs. Struvite was present in 51 of the uroliths (15 isolatedly), calcium phosphate in 32 (always associated to struvite), calcium oxalate in five (two isolatedly), urate in five (two isolatedly) and silica was present in four (none of the uroliths was composed only by silica). The most common combination of compounds was that of struvite and calcium phosphate. EDS permitted both the evaluation of the different regions of the uroliths and the microscopical observation of the sample structure, but didn’t allow the correct identification of the urate. The association between both techniques was efficient on evaluating the calculi composition.Item Caracterização microbiana e rendimentos de corte em carcaças resfriadas oriundas de frangos criados em dois sistemas de produção e comercializados no município de Goiânia(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2010-07-02) ARRUDA, Michel Blezins de; STRINGHINI, José Henrique; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8505634095383289; ANDRADE, Maria Auxiliadora; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9441751521255467; CAFÉ, Marcos Barcellos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9860968235125158The aim of this work is to research the presence of bacteria of genus Salmonella on carcasses of broiler chickens reared under alternative and industrial. Furthermore, to characterize aspects of marketing and carcass quality. Were collected 160 chicken carcasses available for sale in supermarkets and markets of Goiania. Of these, 80 were carcasses of chicken raised in the traditional system and the remainder in alternative system. Each carcass provided two samples, one by rinsing and another 25g of minced skin, which were enriched in broth suitable for this purpose and grown in culture media also specific and recommended for Salmonella. Through biochemical tests bacteria of interest were identified. The carcass quality was evaluated by weighing the commercial cuts breast fillet without skin, thigh + drumstick, wings and back, and related the proportions of each in the total weight of the carcass. The marketing aspects were evaluated by applying a questionnaire to traders of the alternative chicken sold in fairs with information the method of sale and production of the animal. Two samples were found positive for Salmonella in batches of alternative chicken whereas in conventional bacteria were not found in any sample. The proportions of the breasts were higher in the conventional system, 28%, while the conventional average was 20%. In the remaining parts studied the differences were smaller. Birds raised in the alternative system had the following results: thigh + drumstick remained at 31%, 14% with the wing and back to 35%. In the conventional system in the same order as the results were: 29%, 11% and 33%. It was concluded that the chicken had higher alternative rate of contamination with Salmonella, the lower breast yield and the carcasses sold in open-air markets, production has been characterized as rudimentary.Item Histomorfometria, microtomografia bidimensional e tridimensional, teste de nanodureza e composição bioquímica do estojo córneo de bubalinos(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2015-10-29) Assis, Bruno Moraes; Vulcani, Valcinir Aloísio Scalla; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9821938265591545; Rabelo, Rogério Elias; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2711571722876295; Rabelo, Rogério Elias; Moura, Maria Ivete de; Silva, Luiz Antônio Franco daDespite not being a common subject of studies about buffalo, the incidence of hulls diseases has important scientific aspects as these animals, as they are breeded in adverse conditions, have different resistance for the occurrence of podais diseases when compared to cattle, especially dairy cattle. The knowledge about microstructural structures of buffalo’s hoof generated important information for understanding of the intrinsic resistance of buffaloes foot diseases. This study aimed to investigate the microstructure of adult Jafarabadi buffaloes, through histomorphometric ratings, two-dimensional microtomography, three-dimensional, nanohardness test and biochemical composition. Histomorphometric ratings revealed important features not yet investigated by other researchers, highlighting the structural behavior of epidermal papillae in different regions of corneal layer, the morphology and disposition of the horn tubules, the architecture of extratubular and intratubular keratin and even organization of melanosomes . It was observed that the average length of buds, thickness and spacing in pelvic and thoracic digit did not show statistically significant differences. However, an increase in thickness of the laminar corium papillae of the wall and spacing was observed when comparing the average of the coronary corium and wall and sole laminar corium. When compared to the findings of other researchers, this study have shown that the epidermal papillae on the hulls of these animals are presented larger than the epidermal papillae of Holstein and Gir animals, suggesting that the buffalo’s has greater keratin production and better epidermis and horny case fixing. It can be conjectured that such characteristics are associate with greater resistance to foot diseases of this animals, although additional studies are needed. Analysis of microtomography and nanohardness test showed increased medial digit of forelimbs and side-digit of hindlimbs exhibit increased horn tubules with larger diameters. But the abaxial wall of forelimbs digit showed higher values than hindlimbs digit. Even there was not significant difference between the digits analyzed, this study could clarify important aspects of the nanohardness of different regions of the corneal case of buffalo’s digits. 3D microtomography analysis revealed that the dorsal wall presents a greater hardness compared to the abaxial wall of intermediate hardness, and with the sole of the hoof, that showed the lowest hardness among the evaluated areas. It was inferred that tridimensional microtomography testing is more specific than Vickers nanohardness test for this structure. However, further research are required. Biochemical tests generated parameters about structural elements of the corneal case, which showed different concentrations in relation to the region and anatomical position of the hull. These differences are related to the digits wich recive higher load of body weight and impact. This study generated knowledge and parameters to be used in further researches on different bovine species and breeds.Item Disgestibilidade in vitro de milho moído sob três níveis de enzima amilolítica exógena(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2012-08-31) Assis, Paula Lobo Ferreira; Ferreira, Reginaldo Nassar; Ulhoa, Cirano José; Padua, João Teodoro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0308044304591375; Padua, João Teodoro; Padua, Delma Machado Cantisani; Miyagi, Eliane SayuriIn cattle, the number is constant research involving feed additives, in order to achieve high productivity and improvements in diet formulation. Among the alternative additives there are the enzymes which are proteins catalysts of chemical reactions involved in the metabolic process the entire animal organism. The efficiency of enzymes in diets based on alternative foods has encouraged its use, representing a major breakthrough in nutrition. Enzyme complex in diets based on corn has as main objective the maximization of nutrients included in the diet and thereby improve outcomes husbandry. This study aimed to produce an amylolytic enzyme complex, using the fungus Aspergillus awamorii and evaluate the in vitro digestibility of corn subjected to three levels of exogenous enzyme amylase. The treatments were: control (without enzyme), the first level (with 5 ml of enzyme), level 2 (with 10 ml of enzyme) and level 3 (20 ml enzyme). The experiment was conducted in the Laboratório de Enzimologia e Laboratório de Fisiologia da Digestão do Instituto de Ciências Biológicas/ICB II, da Universidade Federal de Goiás. The addition of amylolytic enzymes had a positive influence on increasing the degradation of corn at level 3 until the time of 24h compared to control treatment, this fact may be attributable to enzymatic activity on the substrate from the time that the enzyme was applied. At the time of 48 hours was not significantly different between treatments, indicating that there was compensation in the digestibility of dry matter between treatments after 24 hours for the control treatment and after 18 hours for levels 1 and 2, this fact may be coupled with the fact that there proteolytic activity in the rumen fluid present in the fermenter jars, which in turn can destroy the enzymes inactivating them. The time of colonization of maize was reduced by adding enzyme, which was attributed to the enzymatic action of increasing surface contact and providing oligosaccharides smaller chains for bacteria, providing better conditions for bacterial growth. In the present study doses with higher digestibility were 17.8 and 16.4 ml for times 0 and 24 hours incubation respectively, corresponding to 769.2 and 708.7 enzyme units / kg of dry corn. The addition of exogenous amylolytic enzymes improved the "in vitro" dry matter of ground corn with the level of enzyme addition to passage rates above 4%, between 708.7 and 769.2 units enzyme / kg Maize dry matterItem Poliglecaprone na reparação intestinal e muscular de coelhos (Oryctolagus cuniculus)(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2017-03-13) Ávila Filho, Saulo Humberto de; Paulo, Neusa Margaria; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7949273598509043; Moura, Veridiana Maria Brianezi Dignani de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8773201078957745; Silva, Luiz Antônio Franco da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0446055905975647; Silva, Luiz Antônio Franco da; Silva, Olízio Claudino da; Souza, Luiz Augusto deCurrently chitosan, biomaterial has been widely used, and its derivative has characteristics that can be absorbed by hydrolysis, are made by a monofilament and induce a discrete tissue response. Despite presenting promising results, it is still little known by the scientific environment and little commercially availability. The aim of this study was to compare the influence of chitosan and polyglecaprone sutures on tissue repair after cecorraphy and midline laparatomy closure rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus). 42 animals were allocated in two large groups, one of which was submitted to cecorraphy and midline laparotomy closure with chitosan suture, and other one with polyglecaprone. The postoperative complications were evaluated macroscopically and the tissue reactions microscopically on the 5th, 15th and 25th postoperative days. They were also, evaluated daily by the use of thermographic camera until the 15th day and, when possible, on the 25th day. After thermographic evaluation, a statistical difference was observed, obtaining p = 0.0003 between the Chitosan and Polyglecaprone groups. Regarding the macroscopic evaluation, a statistical difference in the incidence of complications between the groups was not observed. By the histological method, muscle healing differed between the groups regarding only the granulation tissue intensity (p = 0.041) and fibrosis (p = 0.030) on the 15th postoperative day. The intestinal repair evaluation differed only in the intensity of polymorphonuclear cells presence on the 15th postoperative day (p = 0.041). In conclusion, chitosan and poliglecaprone sutures were similarly effective in guaranteeing the healing of the cecum and rectus abdominis muscle after cecorraphy and midline laparotomy closure after the 25-day postoperative period.Item Contribuição ao estudo epidemiológico da Leishmaniose Visceral Canina por técnicas diretas e indiretas no município de Goiânia(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2009-08-13) AZEVEDO, Elisa Maria Rennó; JAYME, Valéria de Sá; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0603234425928309; MOURA, Veridiana Maria Brianezi Dignani de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8773201078957745; LINHARES, Guido Fontgalland Coelho; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6261928164195145Canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) is a chronic zoonosis caused by a protozoan called Leishmania (Leishmania) chagasi and has as vectors, the sandflies Lutzomyia longipalpis and Lutzomyia cruzi. The domestic dog is the most important reservoir in urban areas considering the zoonotic disease form and is responsible for maintaining the parasite in endemic foci. Aiming to assist the Superintendent of Policies for Comprehensive Health Care / Health State Department of Goiás (Spais / SES-GO) and the Department of Zoonosis Control from Goiânia (GO-DCZ) in epidemiological surveillance of the disease, this work investigated possible cases of CVL by using laboratory analysis. For this study, dogs seen at the Veterinary Hospital, School of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Goiás (HV / EV / UFG) with clinical suspicion of disease and symptomatic and asymptomatic dogs captured by DCZ-GO were analyzed. A total of 214 dogs were evaluated, and classified into three groups. Group 1 (GI): 33 dogs from DCZ with at least three clinical signs suggestive of LVC, Group 2 (GII): 141 clinically healthy dogs from DCZ and Group 3 (GIII): 40 dogs seen at the HV / EV / UFG with clinical suspicion of LVC. The frequency of animals classified as positive with different methods of diagnosis used in this study were: 5.6% (n = 12) in ELISA test, 9.35% (n = 20) in IFAT, 2.80% (n = 6) in the direct parasitological examination of skin imprints; 2.34% (n = 5) in direct parasitological examination of lymphonode, and 3.17% (n = 7) in PCR reactions of both the genderspecific protocol and the L. chagasi-specific. Considering the results and the conditions of the present study, it is concluded that there is casuistry in CVL series of symptomatic or asymptomatic dogs clinically attended in the city of Goiânia. The occurrence of Leishmania chagasi bearer dogs captured in the municipality of Goiânia were detected and the symptoms frequently observed in illness dogs carriers of L. chagasi in Goiânia are: conjunctivitis, lymphadenopathy, skin changes, cachexia and onychogryphosis.