EA - Escola de Agronomia
URI Permanente desta comunidade
Navegar
Navegando EA - Escola de Agronomia por Por tipo de Acesso "Acesso aberto"
Agora exibindo 1 - 20 de 26
Resultados por página
Opções de Ordenação
Item Influência do tempo de estocagem de leite cru refrigerado sobre a presença de CMP (Caseinomacropeptídeo)(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2007) Amorim, Henrique Esteves; Mesquita, Albenones José de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3180029815183858; Nicolau, Edmar Soares; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9601723963736071; Moura, Celso José de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6006558807438442With the objective to evaluate the influence of the stockage time on the presence of CMP (caseinmacropeptide) in raw milk the raw material after reception for the dairy industrie was cooled, 4 °C, and stored in 20.000 L isothermal horizontal tank. The tank remained sealed up during the 72 hours of stockage and in this period the access to this only for collection of samples with intention was allowed to carry through analyses physicist- chemistries, microbiological (counting psychrotrophics aerobic) and of chromatography in HPLC (for whey detention). After the stockage for 72 hours raw milk was destined to the manufacture of Prato cheese. The Prato cheese was submitted the analyses of humidity, chloride and pH, sensorial income and for the quantitative descriptive analysis. One evidenced that the time of stockage of 72 hours is enough for the indication of false positive of whey presence. To long of the storage time the growth of the counting of psychrotrophics, - 6,29 x 105 1,99 x 105 the whey since these microrganismos are the responsible ones for proteolysis of κ-casein. Proteolysis promoted by psychrotrophics is preoccupying for the dairy industry since it can indicate false positive of fraudulent addition of whey to raw milk besides having an inadequate raw material for production of milky derivatives. The analyses physicist- chemistries and of cheese income Prato show that the cooled raw milk use in the production of related queijo did not modify the quality standards, identity and of market of such product. The quantitative descriptive analysis showed that samples that samples of produced Prato cheese with raw milk cooled storaged by 72 hours can negative influence in the attributes flavor bitter taste and elasticity for proteolysis of the casein. UFC/mL, is correlated estatistically with the evolution of the text ofItem Efeitos de culturas de cobertura na qualidade física do solo sob plantio direto(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2008-02-22) Andrade, Rui da Silva; Silveira, Pedro Marques da; Stone, Luís Fernando; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0233514913817700The objective of this study was to verify the suitability of S index in the diagnostic of physical quality of Cerrado soils and, based upon it, to determine the effect of cover crop mulches on physical quality of a Dystrophic Red Latosol (Oxisol) under no-tillage. A total of 2364 samples were selected from the soil data base of Embrapa Rice & Beans and Embrapa Cerrados, covering Cerrado soils from Mid-West, North, and Northeast regions of Brazil. Values of S index, defined as the slope of the soil water retention curve at its inflection point, obtained from these samples were correlated to soil bulk density, macroporosity, and total porosity, considering the following textural classes: very clayey, clayey, sandy clay, sandy clay loam, loam/sandy loam e loamy sand/sand. Based on review of literature, critical values were established for the physical attributes that separated, according to the texture, soils with good and poor structural quality and, based upon they, critical values were established for the S index. In order to study the effect of cover crop mulches on soil physical quality, an experiment was carried out under center pivot at Embrapa Rice & Beans, in Santo Antônio de Goiás, GO, in a randomized block design, with eight replications. The treatments consisted of eight cover crops: Brachiaria brizantha; corn associated with B. brizantha; pigeon pea; millet; Panicum maximum; sorghum; Stylosanthes guianensis; and Crotalaria juncea. The first seven crops had been cultivated in summer season since December 2001 and C. juncea since November 2003. In the winter season, after cover crop desiccation, irrigated common bean crop was implemented under no-tillage. In February 2006, soil organic matter content, some soil physical attributes, and soil physical quality measured by S index were determined. This index was highly correlated to the physical attributes, showing to be an adequate indicator of physical quality of Cerrado soils. The limit value of S = 0.045 showed to be adequate to separate soils with good structure and soils with the tendency to be degraded, while values of S ≤ 0,025 indicate physically degraded soils. Cover crops, specially grasses, favored soil aggregation at surface layer. Soil cultivation modified its structure in comparison to native forest, increasing bulk density and reducing macroporosity and total porosity, and hence, reducing soil physical quality. Among the cover crops, pigeon pea, C. juncea, and corn associated with B. brizantha were those that maintained soil surface layer with good physical quality.Item Análise da competitividade da cadeia de produção do feijão-comum: um estudo de caso utilizando a matriz de análise de política (MAP)(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2013-12-17) Assunção, Paulo Eterno Venâncio; Wander, Alcido Elenor; Wander, Alcido Elenor; Filho, Bento Alves da Costa; Souza, Mauro Caetano deThe common bean is an important component of the diet of the Brazilian people, the main source of vegetable protein consumed by the population. The bean has its own characteristics regarding its production process, which differs from other grains, it is produced in three seasons, which occur in different ways and at different times of the year. Public policies adopted within rural aimed try to develop the productive chain, trying to make it more competitive and more able to compete with other chains. In that sense, the Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM) is an important tool for evaluation of these policies and how these policies can provide the setting conducive to the development chain. The general objective of this research was to analyze the competitiveness of bean production in Goiás using the Policy Analysis Matrix. Data were collected on a property representative in the municipality of Cristalina municipality with higher production within the state, and an agribusiness representative. Sought with these data raise the main costs of the production chain of beans. The results obtained for the three harvests, infer that the productive chain of beans in the first and second crop meets with great difficulties of survival, not being competitive at the international level. The first and second crop have high rates of unprotected, indicating that require investments in the same order so that they can survive profitably. The third season introduces a scenario a little more conducive, but actions need to be taken so that this crop can become more competitive. For culture under study is not competitive enough to have the latest technology, but also public actions that benefit and provide the product competitiveness.Item Efeito do estresse hídrico no metabolismo de gabirobeira(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2012-03-21) Belo, Emiliane dos Santos; Silva, Samuel Mariano da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4333570201713380; Neto, Antônio Paulino da Costa; Neto, Antônio Paulino da Costa; Assunção, Hildeu Ferreira da; Paiva, RenatoAs respostas das plantas ao déficit hídrico são complexas, envolvendo mudanças adaptativas e/ou efeitos deletérios. Os danos causados por estresses às plantas podem ser reversíveis ou irreversíveis. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a tolerância da gabirobeira (Campomanesia spp) ao estresse hídrico e hipoxia de raízes durante 18 dias. Avaliou-se o conteúdo de matéria fresca, seca, água, AST, sacarose, amido, proteínas bruta, insolúvel, solúvel e aminoácidos de folhas e raízes, além dos parâmetros de crescimento como TCR, TCA, TAL, diâmetro do colo, comprimento e área de raízes. As gabirobeiras sob estresse hídrico apresentaram redução no conteúdo de água, prejuízos na produção de biomassa de folhas e raízes, redução no conteúdo de AST, amido e no conteúdo de aminoácidos. Sob hipoxia, exibiram prejuízos na alocação de fotossintatos da parte aérea para as raízes, e por isso armazenam grandes quantidades de amido, os maiores prejuízos ocorreram em raízes. As estratégias de sobrevivência ao estresse hídrico incluem a remobilização de carboidratos solúveis e de reserva da parte aérea para as raízes permitindo assim que as gabirobeiras escapassem da seca. Sob hipoxia o potencial hídrico das folhas foi sustentado com carboidratos solúveis oriundos da remobilização do amido, provavelmente também houve síntese e degradação de polipeptídeos e enzimas em raízes devido a mudança do metabolismo aeróbio para anaeróbio.Item Infância, trabalho e socialização em Itapuranga-GO: agricultura familiar em contexto de mudanças(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2013-12-16) Bittencourt, Blenda Domingues; Marin, Joel Orlando Bevilaqua; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2469734454387464; Marin, Joel Orlando Bevilaqua; Ribeiro, Dinalva Donizete; Pessoa, Jadir de MoraisThe laws protecting the rights of children and adolescents now categorize jobs child family production units such as child labor, viewed as detrimental to the full physical, psycho-emotional or morals of children. The aim of the dissertation is to understand, from the perspective of farmers, the changes in the forms of socialization of children and youth in the context of expansion of child protection laws, implementation of policies to eradicate child labor and increasing appreciation of the studies school. This study combined literature, documentary research and case study, which was conducted in the municipality of Itapuranga, state of Goiás - Brazil. The survey sample followed not probabilistic criteria, consisting of 33 family farmers, who had children aged between six and seventeen years old complete. Family farmers during their childhoods were socialized at work, being perceived as a 'help' and precondition for the intergenerational transmission of knowledge. In the current context, there is a tendency to reduce the importance of the family in the socialization of children, as a result of legislation that seeks to ban child labor in family production units at the same time you transfer increasing responsibility for the educational institution, disallowing the parents as agents of training of future generations of farmers. Besides the school, the Bolsa Família Program is presented as a policy for combating the use of child labor on family farms of Itapuranga / GO. It is concluded that current laws protecting children and teens, the institutionalization of policies to combat child labor and compulsory education of children change the traditional ways of socializing the children of farmers and reduce the importance of the role of parents as educators and formation of new generations of farmers.Item Interação genótipo x ambiente em soja com ênfase na estratificação ambiental para a região central do Brasil(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2011-12-19) Branquinho, Rodrigo Gomes; Duarte, João Batista; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4117228759548186; Duarte, João Batista; Chaves, Lázaro José; Melo, Patrícia Guimarães Santos; Pacheco, Roberto MirandaThe objective of this study was to establish a consistent environmental stratification for the region of soybean cropping in Central Brazil, based on genotype by environment (GE) interaction analysis. For this, yield data from variety trials conducted by Embrapa Cerrados in partnership with others Brazilian institutions, during seven growing seasons (2002/03 to 2008/09), were used. The study covered six experimental sets that were related to the genotypes of three maturity groups (early, medium and late), and two commercial groups (soybean conventional and transgenic RR), totaling 559 trials analyzed. The statistical treatment of data was performed in two stages: first, analyses of variance were performed for each experiment, from which the estimates of treatment mean (combination of genotype and environment) were obtained. In the second stage the joint and GE interaction analyses were performed. Thus, the yield mean of each genotype in each environment were submitted to the AMMI analysis (Additive Main effects and Multiplicative Interaction model), that led to choose a model with only one principal component (AMMI1). As result of this analysis, the genotypes and environments were jointly represented in a scatter plot called biplot (graph that display the rows and columns of a matrix; in this case, genotypes and environments are marginal in this table). To stratify the target region, the approach of winner genotypes (Gauch & Zobel, 1997; Crop Sci. 37: 311-326) was used. In this approach each stratum is composed by locations that shared a same winner genotype (one that is the higher yielding mean ranking of a location). In the AMMI1 biplot, the boundaries of each stratum were identified by horizontal lines drawn from the ordinate points (scores) corresponding to the environment of transition between two strata, which are characterized by their winner genotypes. With this information, the environmental strata were established for each growing year and experimental set. The maturity groups of assessed lines determined the environmental stratification obtained. Thus, the following locations were grouped to other localities, presenting a characteristic of redundancy: a) early maturity group (seven strata): (Campo Novo do Parecis, Maracajú, São Miguel do Araguaia, Tangará da Serra); (Conquista, Nuporanga, Sidrolândia, Sorriso); (Cristalina, Iraí, Sacramento); (Montividiu, Sonora, Tapurah); (Capinópolis, Senador Canedo); (Guaíra, Morro Agudo); and (Lucas do Rio Verde, Sapezal); b) medium maturity group (four strata): (Anápolis, Montividiu, Tangará da Serra); (Barreiras, Campo Novo do Parecis, Uberaba-Chapadões); (Chapadão do Sul, Conquista, Maracajú, Sonora); and (São Gabriel, Sorriso, Uberaba-Epamig); c) late maturity group (five strata): (Campo Novo do Parecis, Planaltina, Senador Canedo, Tapurah); (Iraí, Sacramento, Sonora); (Lucas do Rio Verde, Sorriso); (Goiatuba, Tangará da Serra); and (Barreiras, São Desidério). Were also identified key-locations to conduct the trials in the final stage of genotypic evaluation (advanced variety trials): a) early maturity group: Anápolis, Barretos, Campos de Júlio, Capinópolis, Chapadão do Céu, Chapadão do Sul, Goiatuba, Igarapava, Jataí, Luziânia, Morro Agudo, Planaltina, Primavera do Leste, Sacramento, São Gabriel do Oeste, São Miguel do Araguaia, Sapezal, Sidrolândia, Sonora, Uberaba-Chapadões, Uberaba-Epamig e Unaí;b) medium maturity group: Barreiras, Barretos, Campo Alegre, Campos de Júlio,Capinópolis, Chapadão do Céu, Chapadão do Sul, Cristalina, Goiatuba, Iraí, Jataí, Lucas do Rio Verde, Luziânia, Montividiu, Perolândia, Planaltina, Primavera do Leste, Rio Verde, Sacramento, São Desidério, Senador Canedo, Sorriso e Unaí; c) late maturity group: Anápolis, Campo Alegre, Campo Novo do Parecis, Campos de Júlio, Capinópolis, Chapadão do Céu, Chapadão do Sul, Cristalina, Goiatuba, Jataí, Luziânia, Montividiu, Primavera do Leste, Rio Verde, São Desidério, São Gabriel do Oeste, Sonora, Sorriso, Uberaba-Chapadões, Uberaba-Epamig e Unaí. Finally, among the locations recommended for the network of advanced trials, one was also appointed as key-location to conduct the initial stages of genotypes assessment in each maturity group. The locations Campos de Júlio (to early group), Rio Verde (medium and late groups) were in order indicated because resulted the best rankings of the winner genotypes through the target region.Item Caracterização da estrutura genética de populações de Caryocar brasiliense Camb. no estado de Goiás utilizando marcadores moleculares microssatélites(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2005-08-25) Chaves, Sivany Rodrigues; Sibov, Sérgio Tadeu; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4627553641870284; Sibov, Sérgio Tadeu; Cruz, Aparecido Divino da; Chaves, Lázaro JoséThe species Caryocar brasiliense Camb. (pequizeiro) is a common tree fruitful in the Brazilian savannah (Cerrado) with great economic and social potential. The objective of this study goals the increase of information for an efficient breeding program for specie domestication and conservation. Eleven natural populations of “pequizeiro”, 30 individuals each, was sampled on five different regions of Goiás state. The genetics structure of these natural populations was analyzed based on variability at eight microsatellite loci in about 330 individuals. The number of alleles per locus it varied of 22 to 32 (mean = 28). The waited and observed heterozigosity varied of 0,843 to 0,920 and 0,546 to 0,758, respectively. Measures of genetic differentiation indicated significant differences between most populations (FST = 0,064 and RST = 0,439). RST values among samples were high and much higher than FST indicating a divergence between the model that consider alleles to be identical by descent, and the model of identity by state in these populations. Estimated number of migrants was high, Nm = 3,63 (mean), and the existence of private alleles indicated reduced gene flow and a consequently possible damage to the metapopulations structure. Significant correlation was not found between geographical distance and measure of genetic divergence, suggesting the intense gene flow in the past that joined the populations that are separated today.Item Volumes e curvaturas médias na geometria de Finsler:superfícies mínimas(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2012-04-16) Chavéz, Newton Mayer Solorzano; Souza, Marcelo Almeida de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1343419041226215In Finsler geometry, we have several volume forms, hence various of mean curvature forms. The two best known volumes forms are the Busemann-Hausdorff and Holmes- Thompson volume form. The minimal surface with respect to these volume forms are called BH-minimal and HT-minimal surface, respectively. Let (R3; eFb) be a Minkowski space of Randers type with eFb = ea+eb; where ea is the Euclidean metric and eb = bdx3; 0 < b < 1: If a connected surface M in (R3; eFb) is minimal with respect to both volume forms Busemann-Hausdorff and Holmes-Thompson, then up to a parallel translation of R3; M is either a piece of plane or a piece of helicoid which is generated by lines screwing along the x3-axis. Furthermore it gives an explicit rotation hypersurfaces BH-minimal and HT-minimal generated by a plane curve around the axis in the direction of eb] in Minkowski (a;b)-space (Vn+1; eFb); where Vn+1 is an (n+1)-dimensional real vector space, eFb = eaf eb ea ; ea is the Euclidean metric, eb is a one form of constant length b = kebkea; eb] is the dual vector of eb with respect to ea: As an application, it give us an explicit expression of surface of rotation “ forward” BH-minimal generated by the rotation around the axis in the direction of eb] in Minkowski space of Randers type (V3; ea+eb):Item Avaliação e caracterização das propriedades filmogênicas de proteínas do soro de leite submetidas à irradiação e modificação de pH(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2014-02-14) Fernandes, Ana Paula Stort; Souza, Adriana Régia Marques de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3723989528702465; Cavallieri, Ângelo Luiz Fazani; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3986729217794435; Souza, Adriana Régia Marques de; Gonçalves, Maria Ássima Bittar; Silva, Flávio Alves da; Cavallieri, Ângelo Luiz FazaniThe packages comprise a large part of the daily disposal of household waste and these household waste are the most impactful to the environment. The development of biodegradable packaging material, seeking to replace synthetic polymers, is an approach used in an attempt to reduce the environmental impact caused by the very slow degradation of synthetic material packages. It is known that the development of biomaterials, applicable to various industries technology in the area of packaging, gaining particular attention on the issue of preserving the environment. The aim of this study was to develop a biodegradable films of whey protein irradiated subjected to pH modification, and evaluate their mechanical, optical, structural and barrier properties. The experiment was conducted in the Department of Food Engineering, College of Agronomy, Federal University of Goiás (UFG), located in Goiânia (GO). The protein concentrate, whey was supplied by the Argentine company Arla Foods. Statistical analysis was performed by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey test (p ≤ 0.05). The computer program Version 2.15.1 R (Vienna, Austria) was used for calculations. In the experiment, all analyzes were performed with three replicates read in triplicate except mechanical tests, in which three replicates were read nine times. It was found that the whey protein had an excellent alternative for the production of biodegradable films. The films were presented translucent, yellowish, with no tendency green and red colors. Movies pH 8.5 had opacity values increased with increasing doses of radiation. The films showed values of pH 5.5 solubility in water below the other, due to the proximity of the isoelectric point of proteins from whey. The pH modification and irradiation process can serve as an alternative to changing the mechanical properties of films based on whey protein concentrate milk and therefore represented an alternative raw material in the preparation of biodegradable films.Item Detecção de estradas não pavimentadas com o uso de imagens orbitais de média resolução espacial.(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2008-08-29) Fernandes, Angelo Florentino; Griebeler, Nori Paulo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2953067359172793; Griebeler, Nori Paulo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2953067359172793; Jardim, Carlos Henrique; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2169892960432979; Silva, Valtercides Cavalcante da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6217069137951777Unpaved roads are essential for the municipal districts, mainly for those that have its economy based on the agricultural. However, not always the public power of these municipal districts has control on the amount and characteristics of the existent highways. These information are essential for the organizes of the net and maintenance of the highways of the municipal district, which are usually built without approaches of engineering that it increases the risk of degradation of those highways, what happen basic. It is of fundamental importance that the municipal district has it controls so much about the amount of not paved roads, as on the problems that eventually appear and they need solution. The present work had for objective to verify the adequate of the use of images of medium space resolution for identification of the mesh of not paved highways and recognition of features originated erosive of these. The work was accomplished tends as study object the microbasing of the river Chaves, in the municipal district of Morrinhos, GO. For the accomplishment of the work got up referring field data to not paved highways and erosions to its margins, using a receiving GPS. Images of sensor CCD of the satellite were used CBERS, referring to the months of April and September of 2007, and the software Spring, of the National Institute of Space Researches (INPE). In the study made use of the bands 2, 3 and 4, referring to the areas of the green, red and infra-red close of the spectrum electromagnetic. Vectorial data of the studied area obtained SIEG close to also used. The images were spatial coordinates, being defined the area of the study, being these analyzed band the band, by means of colored compositions. They were also accomplished analyses using supervised classification and filtrated for it enhances of borders. The obtained results showed that, the best form of extraction of that feature type is to manual and that, highways of reduced traverse section and of low volume of traffic they are not recognition passives, as well as features erosive of small load, in the bed, borders or in marginal areas to these. The artifices of digital processing with the use of filters and supervised classification didn't supply satisfactory results for the identification of those features. It was also verified that the production of map of erosion risk with the available scale for the place of the study, didn't present correlation adapted with the features lifted up erosive to field. It is concluded like this, that the use of images of medium space resolution for extraction of highways should be accompanied of field maps being able to not, however, to serve as support for neighborhood studies to these features.Item Condições de encharcamento sobre a qualidade de arroz parboililzado cultivado em terras altas(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2009-11-16) Fonseca, Flávia Araújo da; Soares Júnior, Manoel Soares; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0920319108540253The technique of parboiling represents more than 20% of the total rice industrialized in Brazil, and that this portion is increasing need for improvements in it processing. The parboiled rice is nutritional and economic advantages, and various changes that this process causes the grain are linked to the techniques employed. Inefficiencies and inexperience in the actions not only negate the advantages described, such as reducing the nutritional value of cereal. Therefore, it is necessary to adjust the operational parameters to the characteristics of raw material, in order to obtain success in the process, because the isotherms of hydration depends on several factors and different for each cultivar and each bit pattern. This study aimed to establish whether there is the influence of the variable soaking (temperature and immersion time) on the quality technology (absorption rate of water content, dry solids and pH of the water immersion of soaking; index opening shell of the grains, degree of polishing, the income benefit, whole grain, defect analysis, color and test firing), chemical moisture, ash, crude proteins, crude fiber, lipids, carbohydrates, minerals and amylose content) and sensory cultivars upland rice cultivars BRS Primavera and BRS Sertaneja. For each cultivar was used a central composite rotational design (DCCR), which includes a factor of 22 over three replications at the central point and axial 4, totaling 11 treatments. As the temperature increased (mainly at the gelatinization temperature) and immersion time increased: the rate of water absorption, the rate of opening of the shell of the grains, the degree of polishing, the income benefit, income integer, the incidence of damaged grains, bananas and whole grains and translucent became easier to visualize the stained grains and chopped, the values of L *, b *, a * and ∆E *. The parboiled rice cv. BRS Primavera showed higher ash content, however the phosphorus, manganese, potassium and zinc did not change and the magnesium, calcium and copper reduced compared to white rice. For cv. BRS Folk parboiled rice had a higher content of ash, protein, fat and fiber, but the amount of manganese, potassium and zinc did not change compared to white rice. The levels of magnesium, calcium and copper reduced and phosphorus increased. The samples had grains loose and soft, higher yield and cooking time that the samples of white rice. Global acceptance of parboiled cooked values were constant between the two cultivars, ranging in scale adopted between indifferent and like moderately.Item Qualidade nutricional e valor protéico da amêndoa de baru em relação ao amendoim, castanha-de-caju e castanha-do-pará(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2009-07-03) Freitas, Jullyana Borges de; Naves, Maria Margareth Veloso; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6563181057140270The aim of this study was to characterize the chemical composition of the roasted baru almond, which is derived from different native plants in the west of the State of Goiás, and to compare its protein quality to that of the peanut, cashew nut and Brazil nut. Standardized methods were used to determine centesimal composition, amino acid profile, fatty acids and mineral content. The experiment was carried out with 42 male weanling Wistar rats. The animals were randomly assigned into seven groups. The experiment lasted fourteen days. The diets were formulated according to AIN-93G, six diets with 10% protein: CAS7 (7% lipid casein), CAS15 (15% lipid casein), BA (baru almond), PN (peanut), CN (cashew nut), BN (Brazil nut) and a protein-free diet. The consumption was controlled according to the energy value of the diets. The protein value was estimated using NPR (Net Protein Ratio) and PDCAAS (Protein Digestibility-Corrected Amino Acid Score). The seeds and nuts are sources of proteins (16.3 to 32.3g.100g-1) and lipids (42.7 to 57.9g.100g-1). The protein content of baru almonds varied significantly (Tukey, p<0.05) between plants (24.2 to 31.9g.100g-1). The amino acid profile of baru almonds also varied significantly between plants. Lysine (Limiting Essential Amino Acid - LEAA of 43% to 72%) and sulfur amino acids (LEAA of 78% to 90%) were the limiting amino acids, according to the WHO/FAO/UNU standard for school children. The best 6: 3 fatty acid ratio (9: 1) was found in the baru almond, which is rich in iron (3.6 to 4.7mg.100g-1) and zinc (2.8 to 4.1mg.100g-1). The cashew nut had a relative NPR of 81%, followed by the Brazil nut (68%), peanut (61%) and baru almond (45%). The PDCAAS varied significantly between baru plants (32% to 68%), and between the other samples (63% for the BN, 69% for the PN and 88% for CN). There are differences in the nutritional value of baru almonds from different plants in the same Cerrado subpopulation and between different seeds and nuts. These foods present a high density of nutrients such as proteins, lipids, minerals and dietary fiber. For this reason, their inclusion in the diet and use in home and industrial food processing should be encouraged.Item Desempenho agronômico da soja, fertilidade e dinâmica da matéria orgânica em solos sob aplicação de biochar no cerrado brasileiro(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2014-05-23) Lima, Larissa Borges de; Petter, Fabiano André; Leandro, Wilson Mozena; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9052207260053937; Leandro, Wilson Mozena; Petter, Fabiano André; Santos, Glênio Guimarães; Borges, Jácomo Divino; Fernandes, Kátia FláviaThe objective of this work was to verify the long-term effect of biochar application on soil chemical properties and the development and soybean yield and carbon pools in a Oxisol (Experiment I) and Haplic Plinthosol (Experiment II) in the cerrado biome. Both experiments were conducted under field conditions in Nova Xavantina-MT . Settled experiments in a randomized block design, consisting of the combination of levels of the fertilizer (NPK) and doses of biochar. For evaluation of soil fertility soil samples were collected at 0-20 cm and analyzed the following attributes: pH, Ca, Mg, H+Al, P, K, and organic matter (OM). Agronomic variables were: height and dry matter of V4 and R1 and productivity. For evaluations in carbon pools contents were determined and total organic carbon (TOC) and nitrogen (TN), the concentrations of C in fractions fulvic acids (FA) , humic acids (HA) and humin (HU) , and , humification index (HI) . In general , there was synergy between the effect of mineral fertilization and application of biochar on soil chemical over the four years after the application attributes. As the aromatic structures are oxidized biochar notes positive effect on the contents of OM. The productivity was significantly increased mainly due to the application of 16 Mg ha-1 of biochar on 1st 3rd and 4th year , with an equation with quadratic behavior . In the 7th and 8th grade direct effect of biochar was reduced with low variation of grain yield. An increase in TOC stocks and aromatic contents with increasing carbon biochar application, showing that Walkley-black method is not effective for the determination of TOC in soils under application of biochar. There was a reduction in C-AF and C-AH with the application of biochar , more evident effect in the presence of NPK . The C-HU increased significantly with increasing doses of biochar. High doses of biochar (>16 Mg ha-1) provide increased IH. In both experiments I and II, biochar contributes to increasing C more stable OM of soil fraction is humin , which is desirable from an environmental standpoint and fertility.Item Características físico-químicas, nutricinais e sensoriais de vinagres de diferentes matérias-primas(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2010-04-22) Marques, Fabíola Pedrosa Peixoto; Caliari, Márcio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3558164788327179The aim of the present work is to evaluate the physical-chemical, sensory and nutritional characteristics in commercial vinegars from different raw materials. It was used 26 samples of vinegars: white agrim (VAB), red agrim (VAT), balsamic with raspberry (VBF), balsamic with passion fruit (VBMr), balsamic with honey (VBMl), balsamic with red wine (VBVt), alcohol (Val), rice (Var), sugar cane with corn (VCMi), sugar cane (VC), kiwi (VK), orange (VL), orange with honey (VLMl), apple brands 1 and 2 (VM1 and VM2), mango (VMg), passion fruit (VMr), tangerine (VTg), tangerine with corn (VTgMi), white wine (VVB), red wine (VVT), kiwi aged without wood (VEK), kiwi aged with oak (VEKCr), kiwi aged with myroxylon peruiferum (VEKCb) and kiwi aged with Brazilian sassafras (VEKSs); and 3 samples of grape products: dry red wine (VTsc), sweet red wine (VTsv) and integral grape juice (SU). The vinegars were submitted to analysis of dry extract, density, volatile acidity, pH, ashes, alcoholic content, reducing sugars, total polyphenols, condensed tannins, and relative antioxidant capacity. The products from grape were only submitted to the determination of total polyphenols and condensed tannins. It was realized a sensory analysis from the vinegars through the method of the ordering preference test. The results in triplicate were submitted to unvaried variance analysis (ANOVA) and the mean obtained to the Turkey test with 5% of error probability. To all the variables studied there was the formation of groups, which indicates the samples are heterogeneous among themselves. There was a meaningful correlation (P 0.01) between the dry extract and the density of the vinegars (0.9978). The vinegars VLMl, VL, VTgMi, VMg, Var, VK, VC, VMr, VCMi, VMi, VAT, VAB and VAl, presented volatile acidity values under the ones determined by the Brazilian legislation. In general, the balsamic vinegars studied, mainly VBF (90.60 mg EAG (100 mL) - 1) presented two times higher total polyphenols than VTsv (44.63 mg EAG (100 mL) -1) and VTsc (43.94 mg EAG (100 mL) -1). It was observed a statistics correlation (P 0.01) between the relative antioxidant capacity and the total polyphenols content (0.763), however there was not a correlation between this and the condensed tannins content. Based on the Principal Components Analysis, the vinegars made up groups: group 1 (VAl, VAB, VAT, VVB, VMi, VVT, VMg, Var, VM 1 and VM 2, VC, VCMi, VK, VL, VTgMi, VLMl, VTg); group 2 (VBF, VBMl, VBMr); and group 3 (VEK, VEKCr, VEKCb, VEKSs). It is observed that group 2 presents the highest values to the dry extract variables (396, 1 g L-1), density (1.1667 g mL-1), reducing sugars (4.47 g L-1), total polyphenols (89.50 mg EAG (100 mL) -1) and condensed tannins 13.33 mg Ecat (100 mL) -1). Group 3 presents the highest values to acidity (5.92%), pH (3.30), ashes (4.42 g L-1) and relative antioxidant capacity (85.85% DPPH scavenging method). In the sensory analysis, VBF (total score 451) and VLM1 (total score 461) did not present meaningful difference (P > 0.05) due to the following attributes color, scent, appearance and taste, being the most favorite ones, while VEKCb was the least favorite in all the attributes (total score 300). It is possible to conclude the vinegars studied were heterogeneous groups and, besides the total polyphenols content, other factors can influence the relative antioxidant capacity of the vinegars.Item Caracterização fenotípica de acessos crioulos de Phaseolus vulgaris L. do tipo carioca baseada em análise multivariada(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2010-08-31) Moçambique, Pedro Antônio; Oliveira, Jaison Pereira de; Costa, Joaquim Geraldo Cáprio da; Carneiro, Monalisa Sampaio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2696490871291334; Duarte, João Batista; Chaves , Lázaro José; Burle, Marília Lobo; Antunes, Irajá Ferreira; Carneiro, Monalisa SampaioCommon beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) are widely cropped in Brazil, the largest world consumer. P. Vulgaris species is an important source of proteins in the human diet in developing countries in tropical and sub tropical regions, especially in the Americas and West Africa. To know the genetic diversity among commercial and Creole cultivars is very useful to breeders because it allows an adequate organization of the genetic resources and a better exploitation of the available genetic diversity. The objective of this work was to identify the genetic diversity among and into Carioca type common bean accesses stored in the Active Germplasm Bank at Embrapa Arroz e Feijão. The experimental design was a completely randomized bloc with three replicates and carried out at the same institution in the municipality of Santo Antônio de Goiás with the following geographical coordinates: 16.30´S; 49.17´W at 814 m altitude. The evaluation was performed based on fifteen morphoagronomic qualitative descriptors and fifteen quantitative descriptors as well. Nine out of fifteen descriptors were uniform in all accesses. The quantitative descriptors were analyzed using canonical variate analysis; the agglomerative clustering method of Ward, and the univariate variance analysis associated with the Tukey test to evaluate the effect of clustering on the variables and to compare the means of the groups among them. Through the canonical variate analysis it was possible to discard three variables with little contribution to the total phonotypical variability among the accesses. Taking in account the twelve variables left, it was necessary to consider the first five canonical variables to explain 68% of the total variance. Even though the dispersion plot of the accesses related to the two first canonical variables (57%) evidenced phonotypical variability in the accesses studied. Variables flowering days, number of locules per pods and pod beak length were considered the most discriminatory. Accesses CF870015 and CF 830128 were identified as the most diverging between themselves. Through cluster analysis, using the fifteen quantitative descriptors, six similar groups were established. Observing the average of the phenotypic characteristics of each group and the dispersion of the accessions, it was observed concordance between the canonical variate analysis and clustering. Based on the analysis of variance of the quantitative descriptors, the variables leaf width, number of pods per plant, pod beak length and number of locules per pods indicate non significant difference, while the other variables presented highly significant differences at the 5% level.Item Nutrição do tomateiro e sua influência no desenvolvimento de ninfas de Bemisia tabaci (GENN.) biótipo B(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2012-02-17) Oliveira, Marcos Fernandes; Veloso, Valquiria da Rocha Santos; Fernandes, Paulo Marçal; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9497281141847296; Oliveira Jr, Juarez Patrício de; Nascimento, Abadia dos Reis; Peixoto, Márcio Fernandes; Filho, Miguel Michereff; Fernandes, Paulo MarçalThe objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of tomato plants nutrition on the development of B. tabaci (Genn) biotype B. The experiments were carried out in a completely randomized design in a greenhouse at ambient temperature, moisture and photoperiod, at the Escola de Agronomia e Engenharia de Alimentos (EA/UFG), Goiânia, Goiás, Brasil. Each treatment had eight replicates with one plant per pot. Treatments used to test the various contents of earthworm manure were the association of (soil + earthworm manure: 100% + 0%; 80% + 20%; 60% + 40%; 40% + 60%; 20% + 80%, and 0% + 100%. Treatments used to test the N/K rates were: 1/1; 2/1; 4/1; 8/1; 1/2; 1/4, and 1/8. To test the different sources of organic nitrogen, the following treatments were used: chicken manure; earthworm manure; cotton meal; castor beans meal, as well as the mixtures (chicken manure + earthworm manure + cotton meal + castor beans meal. To test the various sources of mineral nitrogen, the following treatments were used: urea, ammonium sulfate; LL®; calcium nitrate and a mixture of fertilizers (urea + ammonium sulfate + Nitro LL® + calcium nitrate). The infestations were performed 40 days after plugs transplant, by releasing 50 couples of B. tabaci biotype B into screen bags, placed in the third or fourth leaf of each plant. One day after infestation 300 eggs were counted and marked on each infested leaf. Ten days after infestation the amount of unviable eggs were evaluated and first ínstar nymphs marked. The analysis of nymphs development was performed 21 days after infestation in the experiment used to test different sources of nitrogen and N/K rates; and, at 30 days after infestation in the experiments used to test the different levels of earthworm manure. B. tabaci nymphs biotype B showed elongation and mortality in that phase, probably due to antibiosis developed by tomato plants: cultivated in earthworm manure only (egg-adult viability 30% and 44% population reduction); fertilization according to N/K 1/8 rate (egg-adult viability 13% and 69% population reduction); fertilized with chicken manure (30% egg-adult viability and 41% population reduction); and, fertilized with calcium nitrate (25% egg-adult viability and 57% population reduction).Item Comercialização do leite dos assentamentos Carlos Mariguela e Luiz Ório no município de Itaberaí-GO: análise comparativa(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2014-04-25) Rezende, Sheila Marli de Melo; Ribeiro, Dinalva Donizete; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3182325621648634; Ribeiro, Dinalva Donizete; Oliveira, Adriano Rodrigues de; Wander, Alcido ElenorThis thesis aims to show the results of a research carried out on the marketing of milk. Comparing two settlements: Luiz Orio, linked to the Federation of Agricultural Workers of the State of Goiás (FETAEG), and Carlos Mariguela, linked to the Landless Rural Workers Movement (MST), both located in the municipality of Itaberaí in northwest Goiás. The objective is to verify how the level of social, political, economic and technological organization of settler families contributes to insert them in marketing milk market. To meet the research objectives, was traced the socioeconomic profile of settler families, taking into account aspects such as family size, composition, income, education level and time settled. Aspects of organization, production and marketing were considered, from some analytical variables: a) collective or individual work; b) production and marketing of fresh milk and/or dairy products; c) the marketing channels used; d) if the link with the MST and FETAEG interferes with the degree of integration in the milk market. d) if the link with the MST and FETAEG interferes with the degree of integration in the milk market. To achieve the objectives proposed in the research, the following methodological procedures were adopted: first, a literature review and a desk research were performed to verify the status of the marketing of milk and rural settlements. It is concluded that the dairy industry is one of the strategies of economic and social reproduction in rural settlements, it plays an important role in generating employment and income. Also, it is concluded that the forms of social organization, political, economic and technological present in the two settlements, contribute to integration of these families in the milk chain in the municipality of Itaberaí, but this inclusion is given in a subordinate manner. Given that, the dairy industry does not have autonomy and control over their income, because the largest portion of the profit is in the hands of dairy. It is necessary minimally benefit the production to reach other markets through a cooperative. Enabling greater ownership of income from milk by the resettled families, rather than transferring it to capital through the dairy.Item Isolados de rizóbios capturados por genótipos silvestres de feijoeiro: obtenção, morfologia e uso de fontes de carbono(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2013-02-28) Sampaio, Fernanda Bueno; Ferreira, Enderson Petrônio de Brito; Brasil, Eliana Paula Fernandes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7324619074753727; Leandro, Wilson Mozena; Ferreira, Luciana Domingues Bittencourt; Brasil, Eliana Paula FernandesThe bean is a legume widespread throughout the country and an important source of protein in human food. Inoculation of legumes with rhizobia able to perform biological nitrogen fixation (BNF), has been widely discussed, based on studies indicating its feasibility for use in agriculture, since the BNF decreases partly environmental liabilities generated by high consumption of nitrogen fertilizer. The use of wild bean genotypes seeks greater diversity of rhizobia for isolation and study of the ability of BNF, which may result in greater specificity for symbiotic bean crop. The objective was to obtain and characterize the morphology and on the use of carbon sources captured populations of rhizobia in wild bean genotypes, soil from the states of Goiás, Minas Gerais and Paraná. Soil samples were collected from six areas in the depth of 0-20 cm for conducting chemical and physical analyzes and an test was conducted in a greenhouse in pots of 3 liters sterilized with 11 wild bean genotypes to obtain the isolates. Were obtained 523 isolates of rhizobia and selected 231 isolates, 76 of Goiás, Minas Gerais 99, and 56 of Paraná. A total of seven species of bacteria as reference strains, three of the genus Rhizobium tropici (SEMIA 4077, SEMIA 4080 and SEMIA 4088), three of the genus Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. phaseoli (BR266, BR351 and BR281) and one of the genus Rhizobium multihospitium (R82), for comparison with the data obtained. The isolates were characterized morphologically and on the use of carbon sources. From the information similarity matrices were generated using Jaccard coefficient being generated for the states of Goiás, Minas Gerais and Paraná, similarity dendrograms by UPGMA clustering method, using the software NTSYS-pc, version 1.8. The 523 isolates were obtained from nodules of wild bean genotypes with the predominance of isolates that acidify the culture medium and fast growth, and the solos from Araucária and Prudentópolis produce greater amount of mucus that of Jussara, Nova Veneza, Uberlândia and Unaí. The rhizobia isolates obtained from soils of Goiás and Minas Gerais exhibit greater phenotypic diversity than those from soils of Paraná. Usage analysis of carbon sources revealed that rhizobia isolates obtained from soils of Goiás have higher metabolic diversity. Overall, the largest number of isolates grouped with the reference strains, especially with the inoculant strains used as the common bean (SEMIA 4080, SEMIA SEMIA 4088 and SEMIA 4077), indicating that these isolates have metabolic characteristics similar to these strains.Item Inseticidas em tratamento de sementes visando o controle de corós rizófagos (coleoptera, melolonthidae) na cultura da soja no estado de Goiás e Distrito Federal(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2013-03-19) Santos, Jardel Barbosa dos; Czepak, Cecilia; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7900255230781858; Czepak, Cecilia; Costa, Rommel Bernardes da; Ávila, Crébio JoséThis study had as objective to verify the potential use of seed treatment on soybean crop with insecticide in reducing the harm caused by white grub species present in Goiás state and Distrito Federal. For this three tests have been installed, two in areas with predominantly Phyllophaga capillata Blanchard, 1850 and one in area with Liogenys fusca Blanchard, 1851. The trials were installed in commercial soybean fields with the presence of damage, and the presence of larvae in second and third instar. After selecting the area, the soybean was removed and treatments sowed manually. Besides the check were evaluated in trial thiamethoxam (350 FS) at rates of 70 and 87.5 g active ingredient (a.i.)/100 kg of seeds, thiamethoxam + abamectin (350+500 FS) at rates of 70 +50 g a.i./100 kg of seeds, imidacloprid + thiodicarb (450 +150) FS at rates of 225 +75 g a.i. / 100 kg seeds, and fipronil (250 SC) at rates of 50 g a.i/100 kg seeds. In all trials was evaluated weekly plant mortality, and at 14 and 28 days after emergence (DAE) height and dry weight of shoot, length and dry weight of roots. The use of seed treatment showed lower plants mortality by P. capillata larvae, except fipronil at rates 50 g a.i./100 kg of seed. Among the insecticides evaluated the use of imidacloprid + thiodicarb highlighted in the protection of stand, a fact that was observed to final assessment at 56 DAE. In addition, there was also best effect of this insecticide in variables related to plant development and grain yield. However, in the area with a predominance of L. fusca, beyond the thiodicarb + imidacloprid, highlighted in reducing the damage the insecticide thiamethoxam at rates of 70 and 87.5 g a.i./100 kg of seed. Therefore, the use of seed treatment on the mentioned species is viable, but we observe that for satisfactory results with the use of seed treatment is important to correctly identify the predominant species.Item Qualidade de rapaduras enriquecidas com farelo de arroz extrusado e amêndoas de baru/amendoim torrados(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2012-07-06) SILVA, Célia Caroline Florindo da; Soares Júnior, Manoel Soares; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0920319108540253; Beleia, Adelaide Del Pino; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9139431947474694; Caliari, Márcio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3558164788327179The purpose of this research was to develop, using a mixture design, rapadura enriched with rice bran extruded and baru almonds/peanuts roasted in different proportions, and characterize them in relation to their properties, chemical, physical (texture and parameters of color), microbiological and sensory, comparing them to standard rapadura, composed only of sugar cane juice. With the insertion of the mixture of rice bran extruded and baru almonds/peanuts roasted in formulated rapadura, it was observed that the greater the amount of rice bran extruded under sugar cane juice concentrated tended to the higher ash concentration. The highest levels of proteins, lipids and total dietary fiber were observed when the formulations had higher amounts of baru almonds/ peanuts roasted and rice bran extruded under sugar cane juice concentrated. Regarding the brightness, the rapadura made with baru almond toast and extruded rice bran showed the highest upward trend in higher levels of extruded rice bran and baru almond toast, those made with roasted peanuts and rice bran extruded. This trend was observed in the largest quantities of rice bran and extruded under roasted peanuts and sugar cane juice sugar-concentrated. As for the texture maximum compression force had a greater tendency to increase when the values of sugar cane juice concentrated and baru almond roasted were intermediate and the formulation of peanuts, the smaller the amount of roasted peanuts and sugar cane juice sugar-concentrated and larger extruded rice bran. As the pattern is regarded as a molasses feed unbalanced due to the caloric value to be assigned, almost exclusively to the carbohydrate to the low protein content and the absence of lipids, it can be concluded that with the addition of the mixture of rice bran and extruded baru almonds roasted, the brown sugar has become a more complete food, watching other nutrients, lipids and proteins from rice bran extruded and baru almonds roasted, as well as fibers, which contribute to the better functioning of the organism human.