Programa de Pós-graduação em Ecologia e Evolução
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Navegando Programa de Pós-graduação em Ecologia e Evolução por Por Orientador "CARVALHO, Adriana Rosa"
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Item Estimativa do valor de não-uso dos recursos naturais da planície de inundação do Rio Araguaia(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2010-03-25) ANGELO, Priscila Garcia; CARVALHO, Adriana Rosa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1951710128353552Economic valuation through willingness to pay method has the assumption that tourists personal features, preferences and opinions concerning to the environment affect their willingness to pay by conservation of the area visited. The aim of this study were estimate the non-use value of Araguaia River through willingness to pay method and obtain its total economic-ecologic value, testing the hypothesis that tourist willingness to pay is influenced by personal features, preferences and opinions. From two hundred and one tourists interviewed the majority were married men, with mean age of 35 years (s.d. = +10), high instruction degree and monthly income of R$1.500,00 (s.d. = +424,26). The environmental service valuated was Araguaia River´s scenic beauty to which majority of tourists do not have substitutes (51%) despite the use of mainly the river, the beach and fishes. However tourists are not aware of existence, function and localization of Araguaia River floodplain (72%) despite majority recognize about Fishban (63%) influenced by recreational fishing activity (r = 0,98) and comprehension of fishes use as resource (r = 0,98). The note attributed to environment by interviewed (p = 0,02) determined that majority (79%) pay US$4.3/month (R$10,00/month) to hypothetic foundation for Araguaia River existence (54%) and for future generations pleasure (22%). However the interviewed expressed protest bids mainly for economic reasons (35%) and due to conservation programs disbelieve (25%). The non-use value estimated was US$27,2 millions/year (R$62.9 millions/year) and the total economic-ecologic value was US$7,5 billions/year (R$17.3 billions/year). The theoretical present value at a discounting rate of 5.4%/year to the next five years was US$9,6 millions (R$22.2 millions) and represent the loss in economic-ecologic benefits associated to the risk of variation in economy and in the quality of resource available due to inadequate use. Therefore the integrity of Araguaia River has high economic value associated to non use value and negative environmental impacts from its degradation could generate economic loss which could be reflected in the total ecological economic value as well as in the importance attributed by the users.Item Efeito de distúrbio causado pelo despejo de efluente orgânico sobre a comunidade de insetos aquáticos(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2011-04-28) ARAÚJO, Cecília Santiago do Carmo; CARVALHO, Adriana Rosa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1951710128353552Among several environmental impacts caused by human activities, the release of domestic and industrial effluents has been major disturbances that cause degradation of water quality in natural systems by altering their physical, chemical and biological features. For this reason, the aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of discharging organic waste from five Sewage Treatment Plants (STP) on abundance, richness and composition of aquatic insect fauna present in streams receiving sewage, in addition to test the hypotheses that i) disturbance caused by the discharge of effluents from STP alters the abundance of some groups of aquatic insects in the site downstream when compared to the upstream of site and ii) the taxonomic composition of the downstream impact of STPs is modified by the presence of resistant taxa.Thus, the sampling of aquatic insects and measures of some limnological variable was carried out during the drought of 2010, with the Surber sampler, 100m upstream and 100m downstream from the effluent discharge. Chironomidae and EPT larvaes (Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera and Trichoptera) were identified to genus. To test the hypothesis, a paired t test was performed with logarithmic data of total abundance, a paired t test with the richness of taxa identified at family and genus level. To evaluate the composition of the taxa sampled in two parts in relation to environmental variables were carried out two CCA separately, one with the taxa of Chironomids and one with the EPT. The results showed that abundances recorded downstream (μ = 4523.8 ± 2578.9) was higher than that recorded upstream (μ = 863.4 ± 508.4) on all STP. The results of paired t test using values of total abundance of taxa showed significant differences between upstream and downstream (paired t test: t = 4.21, d.f. = 4, p = 0.01), indicating the elimination of sensitive taxa and the increase abundance of dominant taxa, favored by the physical and chemical changes of water, such as Chironomus, resistant to high concentrations of organic debris. Both genera richness (paired t test: t = 0.791, d.f. = 4, p = 0.473) as the families (paired t test: t = 1.537, df = 4, p = 0.199) were not different in two sites, showing that this indicator is not the most appropriate in cases in which there is replacement of taxa.The ordinations produced by the CCAs were complementary, confirming the replacement of taxa between upstream and downstream, where larvaes like Farrodes, Tricorythodes, Alisotrichia and Mortoniella were favored by more oxygenated water. Thus, it was evident that the organic sewage discharge by STP modified the community structure of aquatic insects found in streams increasing the abundance, altering the dominance order and causing replacement of taxa between upstream and downstreamItem Estudo econômico-ecológico do Rio Araguaia pela demanda turística - Região de Aruanã(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2006-07-31) SANTOS, Manoel Eloy de Melo Oliveira dos; CARVALHO, Adriana Rosa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1951710128353552The Araguaia River has became one of the greatest point to the ecological tourism in Goiás region, due to its natural beauties such as beaches throughout its margins. The unplanned tourism may cause negative consequences to natural resources, thus to know the profile of the tourist and their knowledge concerning to the whole environment is an important tool into the ecosystem conservation. The Araguaia River is a food plain river, and it has several cities alongside the river, such as Aruanã, considered the entrance to Araguaia Valley. As many as 65% of tourists in Aruanã are men with mean age of 36 years old and married, with a high education degree and coming from Goiás. The tourists usually remain 10 days in Araguaia River spending an average of US$ 61,7 per day. The Araguaia River is the main attractive to 45,3% and fishing is preferred activity to relax to 24,2% of these tourists. Despite the tourist activity be quite connected to the ecosystem, the ecological wisdom of tourists about vegetation and ecological cycles are low, and 30% of them consider that they do use any natural resources, compromising the integrity of the ecosystem by the bad utilization of environmental services of Araguaia River, in Aruanã region.