Mestrado em Geotecnia, Estruturas e Construção Civil (EECA)
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Navegando Mestrado em Geotecnia, Estruturas e Construção Civil (EECA) por Por Orientador "Almeida, Sylvia Regina Mesquita de"
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Item Métodos de densidade em otimização de topologia aplicados a subsistemas de edifícios(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2015-04-10) Pinho, Flávio Augusto Xavier Carneiro; Almeida, Sylvia Regina Mesquita de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1855764480221018; Almeida, Sylvia Regina Mesquita de; Pituba, José Júlio de Cerqueira; Sales, Maurício Martines; Ramos Júnior, Adeíldo SoaresOptimization techniques have been widely used in different engineering applications. In the case of structural conception, these techniques can be applied from the architectural concept, determining, for example, bracing structures to setting the best topology for concrete structures, as those compared to strut and tie models. In this context, this thesis presents techniques applied to topology optimization in subsystems of buildings. It is also presented a new software tool, modelled in object-oriented programming, seeking the solution for topology optimization problems assembling various technical problems unified in a single approach. The software tool was used to determine the best shape to bracing frames on a building submited to different loading combinations as well to compare the strut and tie models to foundation blocks. Results were compared to literature review, validating the unified computational procedure. Strut and tie models found in literature were compared to piled foundation blocks varying the number of piles, and whose geometry for larger number of piles are still not clearly defined.Item Análise de confiabilidade em modelos de bielas e tirantes(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2013-08-27) Santos, Victor Mark Pontes dos; Pantoja, João da Costa; Almeida, Sylvia Regina Mesquita de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1855764480221018; Almeida, Sylvia Regina Mesquita de; Araújo, Daniel de Lima; Vaz, Luiz EloyThis work explores the use of reliability techniques for selecting strut and tie models and explores the use of topology optimization techniques to generate these models automatically. A literature review is presented exploring probability concepts useful in reliability analysis, concepts about classic approaches to generate strut and topology optimization. The formulation is based on concepts of the limit analysis thus they are the theoretical basis of the strut and tie model. Formulations used in reliability analysis are presented, such as the Monte Carlo simulation and the methods FOSM and FORM. These techniques are applied in nine numerical applications. The first two examples explore alternative techniques on the topology optimization field so as enable appropriate strut and tie results consistent with the project of concrete structures. The following examples are used to validate the tools used in the reliability analysis and in the limit analysis. Finally the four following examples apply reliability analysis with failure function based on limit analysis to compare classic models with those obtained by using topology optimization and analyze the security level of the models with respect to changes in concrete strength, reinforcement provided by the ties and thickness of the struts.Item Otimização de elementos pré- moldados de concreto: lajes alveolares e vigas com cabo reto(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2014-08-26) Vasconcelos, Rebeca Freitas; Almeida, Sylvia Regina Mesquita de; http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4789674P4; Almeida, Sylvia Regina Mesquita de; Araújo, Daniel de Lima; Carrazedo, RicardoThis work presents the application of optimization techniques for the design of hollow core slabs and beams with precast and prestressed straight cable, considering the calculation of both the immediate losses as the time-dependent. For the slabs formulation allows the designer to obtain the optimal dimensions of the height of the panel, the diameters of the cables and the alveoli, and the number of cables. The beams are obtained beam height, diameter and the number of cables. Are still subject to the conditions of service for bending stresses, constructive limitations and failure conditions. Illustrative examples are presented using the Branch and Bound algorithm and Lingo (PLS), further comparison is made between the weight and the cost of the panel, and from the results of the algorithm and sizing Munte tables that follow Brazilian standards. We conclude that the optimal design has many advantages compared to conventional design, methods of discrete variation that best characterize the optimal variables of the problem, restrictions on the normal stresses ELS are crucial in obtaining the optimal dimensions of the structures and lower panels weight does not necessarily represent the lowest cost.