Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Ambientais
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Navegando Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Ambientais por Por Orientador "Echeverría, Agustina Rosa"
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Item A educação ambiental crítica e a formação humana: a tomada de consciência e a elaboração conceitual na formação de educadores ambientais(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2017-11-14) Costa, Lorenna Silva Oliveira; Echeverría, Agustina Rosa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5515276044247189; Echeverría, Agustina Rosa; Saito, Carlos Hiroo; Toassa, Gisele; Rosa, Sandra Valéria Limonta; Loureiro, Carlos Frederico BernardoThe understanding of the learning processes foundations of environmental concepts in Science teachers‟ initial formation is an important point to take into consideration in the capabilities of Critical Environmental Education (EAC). In this context, the research problem of the present work was: how does the relation between the environmental knowledge appropriation and human formation, in the act of knowing, in a specific educational space occur? We sought to investigate how the teaching of environmental concepts, in a dialectical approach, can contribute to the students‟ awareness and their conceptual elaboration, in a specific context of school education, and, thus, elaborate new understandings of these processes. The methodological and epistemological positions of this research were grounded, mainly, on Historical-Dialectical Materialism and Historical-Cultural Theory. A theoretical study was carried out concerning: 1) the core determinations of the environmental crisis‟s instauration, regarding it as a historical process; 2) the historical and dialectical perspective of the relation between society and nature; 3) the human formation elements, focused on the development of Higher Psychological Functions, in particular the conceptual formation and awareness; and 4) the Environmental Education as a political Education and as an element for human formation aimed at questioning and transforming reality. Along with this study, an empirical research was carried out with students from a Chemistry graduation course in the Center-West region of Brazil, linked to a Chemistry sub-project of the Institutional Program of Teaching Initiation Scholarships (PIBID). The Pedagogical Project of the Course was previously analyzed in order to investigate the possible presence of environmental contents and, through questionnaires, the subjects‟ environmental concepts and the aspects of their experiences were identified. Subsequently, we analyzed the conceptual formation and the evidences of awareness of these subjects over a semester, in a Discussion Group which held 14 meetings. The meetings were filmed, transcribed and analyzed using Micro-genetic Analysis, based on Lev Vygotsky. Through the analyses, four categories, which involve the environmental concepts discussed were elaborated: 1) the view of what environment is; 2) the explanations about the environmental crisis; 3) the motivations and educational instances in the formation of the environmental educator; and 4) the me-other view in the world and the neoliberal rationality. After this elaboration, two indicators of the meaning-sense relation that comprise affective and intellectual elements were identified: 1) affective expressions and; 2) concept generality relations. Such indicators came up, implicitly or explicitly, in the enunciations of all categories. To those indicators were elaborated sub-indicators. It was observed that the concepts most mobilized by students were those constructed in other educational instances such as the church and the media, which reflected little school Education influence. The students presented a fragmented view that did not regard the human being as a form of nature existence. The discussions demonstrated limitations in the relations of their conceptual networks, with little amplitude in the degrees of generality. Since the EAC questioned many meanings that were stable for students, we observed their backlash against some of the concepts /themes, which resulted in the students‟ resistance to learning them. The verbal students‟ interventions were predominantly grounded on a network of spontaneous concepts based on a neoliberal project of society. On the other hand, it was possible to note the importance and formative potentiality of studying time and dialogues prompted to broaden students' conceptual network, denaturalize socio-environmental relations and contribute to the reflection process and appropriation of scientific concepts.Item O gerenciamento de resíduos sólidos urbanos em Rio Pomba – MG na visão de atores sociais que participaram do processo(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2014-09-30) Lima, Geraldo Francisco Corrêa Alves de; Echeverría, Agustina Rosa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5515276044247189Around 60% of Brazilian municipalities, especially the smaller sized cities, still dispose of solid urban waste in inadequate manner. The solution to this issue represents a great challenge to the public sector. In Zona da Mata, in the southeast region of Minas Gerais, where the city of Rio Pomba is located, several observers attribute the problem of solid urban waste to the lack of attention from the public sector. In some of the municipalities in the region, even basic waste collection is not implemented. The citizen in these municipalities, by lack of alternatives or resources, is habituated to simply throwing away their waste directly into the waters of rivers in the region. Thus, the investigation proposed in this research has the objective of analyzing the process of solid urban waste management in the Rio Pomba municipality, from 1999 to 2012. The viewpoint of the stakeholders involved in the process is taken, considering the before and after of the implementation and successive deactivation of the Waste Recycling Plant in the city. The methodology used is based on a quantitative study. The following instruments were used to collect data: semi-structured interviews (recorded through audio and transcribed for analysis), visits, field reports, and relevant documents. Twelve key stakeholders were interviewed, among which public managers that currently have or had in the past some type of link to the waste disposal process in Rio Pomba. To analyze the data, three categories of analyses were identified, denominated respectively: "Knowledge", "Accountability" and "Environmental Education". In the conclusion, an analysis of solid waste management in Rio Pomba is presented. We observe fragility in this process, specially because of the discontinuity of several one-off activities that were disconnected from a systemic approach.Item Os dilemas socioambientais no entorno do Parque Nacional da Chapada dos Veadeiros: uma análise pela perspectiva crítica da educação ambiental(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2016-03-31) Oliveira, Alessandro Silva de; Echeverría, Agustina Rosa; http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4791769E3; Echeverría, Agustina Rosa; Barberi, Maira; Fonseca, Mônica Maria Lopes da; Ribeiro, Francis Lee; Mesquita, Nyara Araújo da SilvaThe paper resides on the field of critical environmental education, whose perspective is based upon the purposes of being revealing and committed to the transformation of social contexts and to the education of people capable of identifying, questioning, proposing solutions and acting before social environmental questions. The study took place among individuals from Vila de São Jorge, located near Chapada dos Veadeiros National Park (PNCV), in Goiás. The population is composed mainly by former miners and most of them are submitted to difficult survival situations. Interventions from those people in situations of social contexts of the Vila could contribute to the constitution of better living conditions; however, this intervention is low in the village. In order to analyze what would most favor the participation of the community, we have developed a case study which counted with 44 people and whose data collection took place in different periods of time during three years. We have used instruments recommended for qualitative research and have applied the content analysis method through the technique of categorization. Thus, through the perspective of critical environmental education, we have analyzed the conceptions of environment, the conceptions and practices of environmental education, and individuals’ interests and participations. Inferences were possible through the meaning of the messages which emerged from the interviews with the individuals with the support of information from other sources. The analysis about individuals’ interests and participation shows prevalence of natural dimensions of space, which favors a synergy of actions to decrease degradation, yet which reflects an ‘ecologized’ perspective of the social difficulties seen in the analysis. Those interests and participation relate to the prevailing conception of environment as resource which conditions utilitarian views. Other conceptions/practices of environmental education with holistic perspectives, of awareness and naturalist, also appear in the analysis. Nevertheless, once they do not intend to explicit the contradictions in their process, they do not stimulate questioning postures or interventions in the poor living conditions in the place. Therefore, abstracted from multiple social relations, they little contribute to comprehending social environmental problems more deeply. Critical views of space and interactions, which are propitious to the stimulus of individuals’ participation, appear among the interviewed people, even though minimally. Situated in social and political dimensions, such views could contribute to the critical development of the human being, which is an important factor in the fight for better living conditions. The study of those categories allowed us to conclude that the aspects the favor more participation from the community are reduced. Even though, we consider that such aspects could promote participation, once they assume critical interventions from the individuals, and they can be widened to a larger number of people through interaction with one another, favored by spaces such as the associations at Vila de São Jorge.