FD - Faculdade de Direito

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A certificação social na agroindústria canavieira à luz da teoria crítica do direito
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2013-11-25) Arantes, Ana Paula Lazarino Oliveira; Belaidi, Rabah; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4786158485416951; Belaidi, Rabah; Santos Neto, Arnaldo Bastos; Reis, Daniela Muradas
This dissertation seeks to understand the social context of certification sugarcane industry, from the theoretical criticism of law, defending the need to treat the rules of conduct and legal rules, although devoid of state sanction, since the protection of working conditions brought about by these standards lead to ensure the dignity of workers as human beings. The social certification is a tool by which companies can attest that they are socially responsible. In this context, it is urgent question: standardization of conduct of business rules embedded in a social label has the force of a rule? The objective of the research is to understand the true scope of the term "corporate social responsibility", and the specific objectives are: to analyze the Critical Theory of Law originated in the Frankfurt School; consider corporate social responsibility as corporate social function, check the instruments social responsibility, especially the social certification; analyze whether the sugarcane industry has proven to be socially responsible, and to what extent this has occurred. The research of nature documentary and bibliographic unsystematic exploratory, we used the deductive method to investigate the object of study, whose data were primary and secondary cover for what has been published so far on the subject, in articles, doctrine, electronic documents, legislation, jurisprudence, among others, being also say that the object of study is part of a multidisciplinary field involving disciplines of Law and Business Administration. Data collection was done by means of record keeping, defining concepts, content analysis of documents, laws, crossover study data and data collected by other researchers. It was concluded that certification is a social discourse illusory used simply as a marketing tool to entice the consumer market, as companies the sugar cane industry that have the social seal have high labor liabilities in labor courts, which indicates disrespect for and infra-constitutional legislation. Nevertheless, it is believed that social certification could be effective if given by the State and by merit.
Governança global da segurança alimentar e fragmentação do direito internacional
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2021-09-23) Dias, Thais Ferreira Ivo; Belaidi, Rabah; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4786158485416951; Franco, Geisa Cunha; Ferreira, Helini Sivini; Belaidi, Rabah
Solving the problem of hunger and malnutrition in the world depends not only on legal measures, but also on economic, geopolitical, political and social measures, that is, it permeates a series of complex and fluid relations between state and non-state inter-national organizations, state policies, norms and political actions, called global food security governance. The search for these solutions began in an organized and institutionalized way, since 1945, with the creation of the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and was progressively intensified, resulting in the so-called fragmentation of global governance. While some argue for the positivity of this expansion, others argue that such circumstances can be problematic, being this the perspective that will be analyzed in this dissertation. Therefore, the work will be divided into two chapters, the first being a historical reconstitution of the creation of international institutions relating their respective creations to moments of economic crisis and the second an analysis of the excerpts presented above, that is, the causes of the expansion governance and the lack of legal effectiveness of FAO's normative statements. The methods used were qualitative research and bibliographic research, and for the analysis of the lack of legal effectiveness of the FAO normative statements, a specific method described in the body of the dissertation was used. It was concluded, therefore, that the coexistence of scattered and inefficient attempts to solve the problem through the creation of multiple OIGs exacerbate the fragmentation of international law and, combined with the absence of coercive and sanctioning mechanisms characteristic of soft law, They are timid and insufficient for the effective resolution of a complex and multifaceted problem.
A política agrícola do Banco Mundial e o direito ao desenvolvimento
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2016-09-19) Fleury, José Anselmo Curado; Belaidi, Rabah; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4786158485416951; Belaidi, Rabah; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4786158485416951; Rocha, Eduardo Gonçalves; Lambert, Jean Marie
Cette thèse vise à l'analyse de la politique agricole de la Banque du point de vue du droit au développement. Le travail est guidé à partir de la question de savoir si le but ultime de cette politique est de réduire la pauvreté dans la campagne, comme il est dit explicitement par la Banque mondiale, ou il est un outil rhétorique pour la mise en oeuvre d'un modèle économique aligné au capital international. Il est prévu, à travers l'analyse comparative du discours de la Banque mondiale avec les lignes directrices énoncées dans la résolution 41/128 de l'Assemblée générale des Nations Unies sur le droit au développement, en soulignant les contradictions qui révèlent une teneur libérale ne sont pas expressément reconnue au moment de la formulation de cette politique. Le but de ce travail est de souligner l'incongruité méthodologique de la politique agricole de la Banque, en introduisant des lignes directrices et des mesures qui sont incompatibles avec l'objectif de réduction de la pauvreté, avant d'être la dissimulation d'une politique libéralisation visant à transformer la terre en une marchandise, fournissant la base pour la libre circulation des capitaux dans la campagne.
A segurança alimentar frente OGM e transgênico: problemas jurídicos
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2018-09-28) Garcia, Ana Carolina de Morais; Belaidi, Rabah; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4786158485416951; Belaidi , Rabah; Chehab, Isabelle Maria Campos Vasconcelos; Moi , Fernanda de Paula Ferreira
This work analyzes the use of biotechnological cultivars, their environmental, socioeconomic and, above all, the right to food and human health. They aim to show the contraposition between the social right to healthy food and GMO / transgenic risks, as well as legal guarantees for food safety, through the precautionary principle in European Community legislation, and to compare it with the principle of precaution in Brazilian legislation. It questions the precautionary principle, questioning whether this is a sufficient assumption to ensure food safety and health guaranteed by European and Brazilian community standards. It analyzes the use and consumption of genetically modified organisms and transgenics as barriers to the right to healthy food and environmental conservation. The research is bibliographical and documentary. The methodological path covers the analysis of theoretical contents, as well as relevant legislation and data from scientific institutions. In order to achieve this aim, a case-by-case study of European Community law, Case C-111/16 of the Court of Justice of the European Union concerning the planting of MON 810 maize in Italy, is being studied. The work is divided into the following chapters: in chapter 1 the historical contextualization of the agroindustrial complex and agriculture as an industry are discussed. Chapter 2 examines the conceptual, theoretical and normative notes of biotechnological cultivars. Chapter 3 analyzes European Community law and analyzes Case C-111/16 related to the planting of transgenic maize MON 810.
A efetividade jurídica do PNAE: estudo dos anos 2017 a 2019 no estado de Goiás
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2023-10-27) Gomes, Luciana de Almeida; Belaidi, Rabah; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4786158485416951; Belaidi, Rabah; Dal Bosco, Maria Goretti; Torres, Katya Regina Isaguirre
The objective of this work is to identify the main problems faced in the execution of the Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar, in the state of Goiás, with regard to purchase of 30% from family farming. The methodology of participant observation was chosen and used, with a view to enabling this researcher achieve a holistic perspective of the topic under discussion, as well as better understand the challenges encountered in the good execution of the public food policy in question. The PNAE is the oldest public food policy in Brazil and one of the largest school feeding programs in the world. It offers school meals, as well as food and nutrition education actions, to students from all stages of basic education enrolled in public and philanthropic schools and in community entities – in partnership with the government. With the publication of Law No. 11,947/2009, the program became a legal framework for public policies on Food and Nutritional Security (SAN), promoting the Human Right to Adequate Food (DHAA) in the school community, based on inclusion family farmers as food suppliers for the PNAE. In short, the PNAE acts strategically: as a guarantee of adequate food for students and as a vector for the development of family farmers. In the performance of the Program's activities, regarding the technical and operational assistance of the PNAE in the municipalities of Goiás, the work of the Collaborating Center for School Food and Nutrition at the Federal University of Goiás (CECANE UFG) stands out. Based on this perspective, the work was structured in two parts. The first, predominantly dogmatic, in which it is intended, from a historical understanding, to elaborate concepts, contextualize the theme, and thus build the basis of the research. The second, predominantly empirical, consists of the effective treatment of the experience reports obtained (whether by this researcher, through observation and qualified listening, or from the members of CECANE UFG and the social actors involved in the PNAE) and by the analysis of collected documents. From this construction of thought, we sought to examine the legal effectiveness of the Program, detecting the hindrances founds in its good execution.
Os subsídios agrícolas e a regulação multilateral do comércio agrícola mundial: as assimetrias existentes no âmbito da Organização Mundial do Comércio
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2014-06-02) Gomes, Natalia Fernanda; Belaidi, Rabah; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4786158485416951; Belaidi, Rabah; Lambert, Jean Marie; Maia, Cláudio Lopes
The present work analyzes the granting of agricultural subsidies by the States and the existing multilateral regulation on the subject. Explores the ambivalent character of the agricultural subsidies, which are important agricultural public policy mechanisms, but when granted in excess can cause damage to other countries, especially the developing ones, that have smaller budget availability to protect their productions. Then, it analyzes, by using the third world approaches to the international law, the existing regulation from the World Trade Organization (WTO) on the subject which, although declares its objectivity as to establish an agricultural trade system that is more fair and equitable, ends up legitimizing the subsidies programs of the developed countries, even at the expense of the interests and needs of other States.
Da questão agrária e da compra de terras por estrangeiros
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2012-03-28) Jordão, Luciana Ramos; Belaidi, Rabah; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4786158485416951; Belaidi, Rabah; Machado, Vilma de Fátima; Franco, Geisa Cunha
This dissertation analyses if there is any need in forbidding land acquisition by foreigners considering the historical and juridical aspects of Brazilian land structure and the agrarian issue. After 1998, when the General Advisory of the Union published a legal opinion on several agrarian problems were justified by the permission foreigners had to freely acquire land in Brazil. The paper establishes a connection between the events related to land structure formation, indicating agricultural characteristics due to peasants farming and to agribusiness in order to determine if there is any influence from land acquisition by foreigners in the agrarian issue that might deepen land concentration and make workers life conditions worse.
Estrangeirização da aquisição de terras: direito internacional ao investimento e a (in) segurança alimentar
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2019-04-02) Lima, Renata Reis de; Belaidi, Rabah; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4786158485416951; Belaidi, Rabah; Tarrega, Maria Cristina Vidotte Blanco; Millard, Eric
Inserted in a specific context of crisis convergence (food, environmental, climate, energy and financial), the growth of world demand for land has become a global phenomenon in the first decade of the 21st century. At first, due to the volatility and instability of the agricultural commodity markets, the land grabbing phenomenon was analyzed by the first research developed as a way to guarantee food security. Already in a second moment, the foreignization of the acquisition of land is approached in the most diverse forms and with the most varied motives: financial speculation, control of biological or mineral energy resources, transportation routes, water sources or simply the search for new opportunities for profit through production. When considering the acquisition of land by foreigners as a potential asset for investment insurance, it is proposed to verify whether international investment agreements are compatible with international human rights law and, therefore, what their impact on security to feed. Therefore, the methodology used for the accomplishment of this research is qualitative and exploratory. More specifically, documentary research has been conducted, based on reports, documents and instruments of international organizations such as the FAO, the World Bank and IFAD, as well as non-governmental organizations. The research is also supported by a comprehensive bibliographical research, using articles published in journals of different areas of knowledge, especially the productions of Olivier De Schutter, Special Rapporteur of the United Nations for the right to food from 2008 to 2014. Thus, in the In order to legitimize this discourse, international organizations, such as the World Bank, the FAO Food Security Committee and the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, are pushing the world land rush to affirm that it is possible to invest in and thus promote positive consequences for society, the environment and local food standards. However, it is concluded that the damage effects of global commodification of land prevail, by threatening food security and sovereignty, generating displacement of communities, changing the local productive structure and thus the way of life of collectivities.
Mulheres rurais no discurso da FAO: apagamentos, reconhecimentos, direitos e políticas públicas
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2019-02-14) Moura, Priscila Kavamura Guimarães de; Belaidi, Rabah; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4786158485416951; Belaidi, Rabah; Gonçalves Neto, João da Cruz; Chehab, Isabelle Maria Campos Vasconcelos; Dias, Luciana de Oliveira
I aim to analyze through this work the discourse of international organizations, especially the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), regarding rural women, based on a decolonial feminist theory. Using the qualitative methodology, the bibliographical survey, and the collection and interpretation of data throughout this work, I started the research by analyzing the various feminist currents, taking as reference the year 1948, moving to the current slopes. From then on, I explored the influence of these discussions in the context of international organizations, and how these thoughts shaped each other. This was mainly reflected in the proposals for women's insertion in the "Women in Development" and "Gender and Development" strategies, which aimed at converging the struggles for equal rights between men and women in the global and liberal development landscape. From this, I traced, historically and critically, the internalization of feminist debates in the discourses of international organizations. In the second part of the research I investigated certain FAO publications that had rural women as subjects and their gender policy. I sought to understand how this discourse assimilated the feminist proposals in vogue, what economic and social aspects, especially in a context of decolonial and postcolonial feminist critique inserted a theoretical context of the capitalist world-system. This implied to problematize the proposals of effectiveness of rights, insertion in the market, and stimulus to public policies taking as a reference the interests and peculiarities of the women who were not European or North American. Would there be coloniality within the proposals made by FAO?
A política agrícola comum europeia: uma análise a partir da regulação multilateral do comércio agrícola e as implicações para os países em desenvolvimento
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2016-09-01) Oliveira, Celso Lucas Fernandes; Belaidi, Rabah; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4786158485416951; Belaidi, Rabah; Rocha, Eduardo Gonçalves; Lambert, Jean Marie
This study aims to investigate the main aspects of the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP), created by the European Community in 1962 to ensure the agricultural self-sufficiency of the trade bloc and to maintain the level of income of European farmers, by the implementation of a policy of support for the regional production and internal market protection. This research is intended to analyze how the policy is structured and what are the real consequences of it for the economy of developing countries, based on the assumption that the protectionist measures and subsidies result in great damage to international trade, especially for poor countries, which rely mainly on agricultural exports to sustain their economies. In this context, a critical analysis will be made about the way the CAP remains in the context of agricultural trade liberalization that is defended in the World Trade Organization (WTO), based on multilateral agreements and negotiations currently in progress. In addition, the analysis will consider the concept of multifunctionality of agriculture, which appears as a justification for maintaining the CAP, and the relation between international trade and the right to development.
Desde o campo e pelas margens: o direito agrário de produzir das mulheres camponesas
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2017-03-20) Oliveira, Larissa Carvalho de; Belaidi, Rabah; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4786158485416951; Belaidi , Rabah; Dias, Luciana de Oliveira; Tárrega, Maria Cristina Vidotte Blanco
This dissertation considers the right of peasant women to produce. In Brazil, the oppressions suffered and the intense workloads in the production for the self-consumption are some of the daily features of the peasant women. Thus, it is intended to verify a perspective of the reality of rural women, especially if their right to produce has been respected socially and institutionally and how this right relates to the principle of gender equality in peasant space. The development follows bibliographical analysis, with a descriptive and supposedly critical approach. It is based on the hypothesis that peasant women are in subaltern socioeconomic position and experience conditions of inequality, when compared to men. In the first part of the text, it is considered especially on the rural land and aspects pertinent to the agrarian and social reality of the peasant women. Some tensions surrounding the peasantry and agribusiness debate are highlighted and explain that this analysis considers women of low social class, linked to a family-based model of agriculture. The debate about some meanings of the word gender appears in the second part of the text. Power relations are thrown open in patriarchal practices, which reflect male domination and demand certain patterns of social behavior from the rural women. In the third part of this dissertation are related legal discourses of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and perspectives on Brazilian agrarian law related to peasant women. It concludes with an analysis of the productive organizations of peasant women as a form of exercise of the agrarian right to produce.
A agricultura familiar brasileira e o pronaf: apontamentos para a construção de um objeto jurídico
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2013-03-08) Ratke, Bruna Nogueira Almeida; Belaidi, Rabah; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4786158485416951; Belaidi, Rabah; Maia, Claudio Lopes; Trentini, Flávia
This paper aims at analyzing the legal proceedings that gave rise to the acknowledgment of family agriculture as subject of rights and object of public policies by establishing thematic approaches with the purpose of seeking conclusions involving public policies and family agriculture. Firstly, there is a definition of limits regarding the historical milestone of debates encompassing the family farmer as responsible for a new project of rural development and the main factors that gave rise to their social and political emancipation. Pronafwas chosen in order to obtain a more detailed analysis of guidelines, principles, credit lines, target public, legal institutes of materialization and critical analysis due to the fact that it is the first and main public policy intended to this category. Thereafter, the importance of the public policy legal study is focused, mainly agrarian policies. The justifications that gave rise to the enactment of Law N. 11.326/2006 were presented establishing guidelines to the elaboration of the National Policy of Family Agriculture and Rural Family Ventures delimitating the concept of family farmer. The importance of the identification and delimitation of family agriculture was outlined as well. It is demonstrated that family agriculture builds its social emancipation historical process in the face of a project to overcome traditional unequal and unfair relationships through pluralistic, democratic and participative practices, transforming law into a social transformation tool and promoting dignity of the family unit itself by demanding new normative standards and effective public policies in order to include them as emerging subjects.
Paradigmas jurídicos de controle na regulamentação da aquisição de terras por estrangeiros nos países do Mercosul
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2013-03-09) Silva, Antônia Maria da; Belaidi, Rabah; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4786158485416951
La presente Ley Agrícola tesis se ha desarrollado un enfoque metodológico en comparación con el punto de apoyo en un estudio de investigación básicamente la recopilación de datos bibliográfica con las leyes de Argentina, Brasil, Paraguay, Uruguay y Venezuela. El objetivo principal es llevar a cabo un análisis jurídico comparativo de la aparición de paradigmas jurídicos comunes de control de la adquisición de la titularidad de la propiedad rural de personas físicas y jurídicas de los ordenamientos jurídicos extranjeros de los países del Mercosur. Por lo tanto, contextualizó la extranjerización plazo. Alinhavou como un sine quo para garantizar la seguridad jurídica sobre la positividad de las normas inherentes a la titularidad de la propiedad rural. Junto con reflexiones sobre la evolución del concepto de propiedad, y el enfoque de la propiedad de tierras rurales a los extranjeros y la inversión y en la posmodernidad contexto económico en el Mercosur, la investigación permitió estudiar el marco legal de los países en el sistema de normas ha sido objeto de análisis jurídico en cuanto al tratamiento que se da a los extranjeros en la adquisición de la titularidad de la propiedad rural. Después de un análisis comparativo de los ordenamientos inferir la existencia de funciones comunes en la legislación comparada como paradigmas legales para controlar la extranjerización de la propiedad de la tierra dentro del Mercosur, asumiendo las funciones que, en la mayoría de los casos, el proceso de aspectos transversales de la extranjerización de la propiedad rural.
Responsabilidade civil por danos à saúde decorrentes do uso de agrotóxicos no ambiente rural
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2017-03-13) Souza, Larissa Camapum de; Belaidi, Rabah; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4786158485416951; Belaidi, Rabah; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4786158485416951; Rocha, Eduardo Gonçalves; Araújo, Luciane Martins de
Las externalidades negativas que implican la circulación de pesticidas en Brasil es tema interesante para un enfoque jurídico. A partir del momento en que se constata un escenario alarmante de intoxicaciones, especialmente de los trabajadores rurales, surge la cuestión de cómo ser indemnizados en juicio por los daños a la salud sufridos. Este trabajo busca, por lo tanto, el estudio de la responsabilidad civil en tales casos, desde una perspectiva dogmática, pero que no se reduce solo a ella. La aparición de daños a la salud por el contacto con pesticidas está relacionada a un contexto complejo de introducción, circulación y regulación de estos compuestos en el país, que sintéticamente se analizan en el capítulo 1. Este contexto es al mismo tiempo la explicación de la aparición de los daños y consecuentemente de la posibilidad del estudio de la responsabilidad civil particularmente en el ámbito de los pesticidas, así como la condición esencial de las hipótesis de responsabilidad civil que son defendidas y presentadas en el capítulo 2. En esto, la responsabilidad por daños a la salud de los pesticidas se estudia a la luz de la teoría objetiva y de una interpretación sistemática del ordenamiento jurídico, que incluye los regímenes de responsabilidad constitucional, ambiental y civil. La responsabilidad objetiva es asimilada como una manera de aliviar los elementos de la responsabilidad civil tradicional necesaria para la reparación de las víctimas de los daños relacionados con los plaguicidas, especialmente si se toma en cuenta los obstáculos que son enfrentados para confirmar el diagnóstico de intoxicación y la relación causal.
O princípio da função social da propriedade agrária como legitimação de ausência de reforma agrária
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2019-04-02) Tabata, Josiane Santos Farias; Belaidi, Rabah; http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4259715U8; Belaidi, Rabah; Millard, Eric; Tarrega, Maria Cristina Vidotte Blanco
The principle of the social function of property is considered a central principle in Brazilian Agrarian Law. Its inclusion in the legal system was seen by scholars as a milestone in view that the legal institute preaches the overcoming of the individualistic conception of property rights, viewing property as a good that is intended to satisfy social needs and not only of its owner. Currently, the social function of property is an instrument used to carry out the expropriation by social interest for agrarian reform purposes, as provided in articles 184 and 186 of the Federal Constitution. It occurs that the lack of significant results regarding the agrarian reform in the country, evidences the weaknesses of this legal instrument in this agrarian context, opening space for the present critical analysis. The present study brings a new perception and approach about the social function of property. It seeks to observe the principle as a political, economic and legal institute. Through an analysis of its historical foundations, it is possible to understand that its creation occurred in a context of Economic Liberalism, period of economic changes and instabilities. The theory of the functionalization of the private property of the means of production was created for the maintenance of the capitalist system, as a response to the vulnerabilities of the current system, that is, the risk of stagnation of a production good as important as the land, without concerned with a proposal for social rights. The institute is, therefore, a reaffirmation of private property and its political- economic foundation. Also, through Critical Theories of Law, namely, Marxist theory and Legal Realism, it is possible to understand that the social function of property is not the appropriate legal instrument to support agrarian reform. Marxist theory gives us the foundation that many prescribed rights would only appear as the search for the common good, covering ideological foundations of the capitalist system, but what really prevails are the privileges of the ruling class. According to Marx, what really prevails in the relation between civil society and the state is precisely the capitalist economic model, highlighting individualism, inequality, exploitation of the less favored classes and the prevalence of the dominant economic class. Finally, an analysis of the social function of property through the theory of Legal Realism is made. This theory gives us an analysis of the interpretation of legal norms, demonstrating that the legal norms are not endowed with a precise meaning before being object of the interpretation activity, being that the conceptions and value judgments of the legal interpreters influence in the application of the norm. Thus, through the analysis of judgments, it is observed that the Judiciary still has a conservative stance against social movements, making it even more difficult to carry out an agrarian reform.

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