EECA - Escola de Engenharia Civil e Ambiental
URI Permanente desta comunidade
Navegar
Navegando EECA - Escola de Engenharia Civil e Ambiental por Por Área do CNPQ "CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS"
Agora exibindo 1 - 6 de 6
Resultados por página
Opções de Ordenação
Item Caracterização do material particulado inalável na atmosfera e na vegetação urbana na cidade de Goiânia(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2011-09-08) COSTA, Elias Cardoso da; GIL, Eric de Souza; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3218622824233303This work had as objective to study the thin particulate material (PM2;5), thick (PM10) suspended in the atmosphere and the PTS adsorved in the vegetation s foliage of the Goiânia city and also study the metals associated with these particulates, especially Pb and Cd, giving subsidies to the city s air quality avaliation. The samples were studied between june of 2010 to june of 2011, using samplers of the type stacker which collects the thin and thick particulate simultaneously in polycarbonate membranes of 47 mm of diameter and pores of 0.4 and 8µm of diameter. The particulates masses were determinated by gravimetria and the metals analysis were done by the Atomic Espectrometry of Absortion(AEA). The thin and thick particulates concentrations showed seasonal variation with a reduction of 80% in the rainy season. The primary standard in the CONAMA resolution, of 150µg.m-³,was not exceeded in any sampled day.The ideal annual average, of 50µg.m-³, was exceeded sometimes during this period and the air quality ranged between goot to regular during the drought season and good during the rainy season. The thin particulate concentrations were above the USEPA s recommended limit in the drought season.The concentrations of the metals associated to the particulate, like Pb, Cu, Cr, Mn and Ni were below the USEPA s and WHO s concentrations. The Cd concentrations, in some samples, were above the WHO s recommended limit. The studied vegetation showed a great adsortion capacity of PTS on their foliage and reached the maximum concentration of 16,97 mg.mm-² on the Monguba s foliage and contributed to the air quality.The species which showed the biggest particulate adsorption capacity per unit of area was Oiti, followed by Monguba.OBS: Estão subscritos 2,5 e 10 em PM. O programa não copia algumas formatações.Item Uso de materais não convencionais para base de pavimentos asfálticos no muunicípio de Aparecida de Goiânia - GO(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2011-03-29) CUNHA, Nelson Luis da; REZENDE, Lilian Ribeiro de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9258692609398794The city of Aparecida de Goiania-GO has a current estimate of 16,782,313 m² of urban roads, and there are still 51.5% to be paved. However, the technical staff of the mayor is facing a challenge related to the purchase of lateritic gravel for paving of these streets. Taking into account that most roads in the city has a low volume of traffic (N ≤ 5.105), it becomes necessary to find an alternative solution to this adversity to show technical and economic viability. Through a partnership between the Federal University of Goiás (UFG) and the city hall of Aparecida de Goiânia-GO, it was started a study to propose the use of nonconventional materials in paving. This way, initially a study was developed through laboratory tests of characterization, compactation, swelling, California Bearing Ratio and dynamic triaxial with the following materials: soil typical abundant in the area, crushed rock, quarry waste and hydrated lime type III and lateritic gravel. The results of these tests presented better performances for the mixtures soil (50%)-crushed rock(50%), soil(50%)- quarry waste(50%) and soil(91%)-lime(9%) which were the samples chosen for use in experimental pavement. To evaluate the behavior of these mixtures and lateritic gravel at layer pavement were used tests of Dynamic Cone Penetrometer (DCP), loading plate and beam Benkelman during construction of subgrade, on base and at coating pre-mixed cold (PMF) and also six and twelve months after opening to traffic. At the end was made a cost estimate of materials used in each subarea for assessment of the economical viability and the possible replacement of lateritic gravel by these materials. It is possible to conclude that the mixtures studied in this research present technical, economical and environmental viability and can be used to replace the lateritic gravel traditionally used in paving in the region.Item Utilização de lodo de estação de tratamento de água na produção de mudas de árvores com ocorrência no Cerrado(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2011-09-02) FIGUEIREDO NETO, Abner; SCALIZE, Paulo Sergio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0957896448117207Disposal of sludge from Water Treatment Plants (WTP) in the environment is very harmful and can cause deterioration of water supplies. Existing methods for treatment of waste produced in ETA are few applied because the costs involved with operation and maintenance. Several alternatives are suggested for the disposal of these wastes, including the application of sludge in agricultural soils can generate several benefits. In this work we evaluated the development of crops with different dosages of WTS (0%, 18.75%, 37.50%, 56.25%, 75%). The sludge used in the study was collected in the ETA Eng. Rodolfo José da Costa, located in Goiânia/GO, which is used in aluminum sulphate (Al2 (SO4) 3) as a primary coagulant. For the study we used five treatments (T1: 25% substrate, 75% land, 0% sludge, T2: 25% substrate, land 56.25%, 18.75% sludge, T3: 25% substrate, 37.50 % land, 37.50% sludge, T4: 25% substrate, land 18.75%, 56.25% sludge, T5: 25% substrate, 0% land, 75% sludget) for four species of native plants occurring in cerrado (Padu-de-óleo; Gonçalo-alves; Canafístula and Ipe-brando). We adopted the completely randomized design (CRD) with four repetitions, totaling 400 plants. The data collections were performed at 30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 days after planting. Parameters such as the collar diameter, height, weight and chlorophyll were evaluated. Some relationships were used to determine the level of quality seedlings, as the ratio of shoot height and diameter of the collar, the relationship between height and dry weight of shoots and the ratio of dry weight of shoots and dry weight of roots. The largest number of dead individuals was found for Ipê-branco (Tabebuia roseo-alba), regardless of the treatment he underwent. The morphological parameters showed little variation among treatments. Compared to quality, some species showed the best 4 and subjected to treatment with 56.25% of sludge. In the treatments with higher amounts of sludge, the levels of nitrogen (N), potassium (K), calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) in leaves were reduced. It was found that the allocation of the WTS nursery can be an alternative available and also an economic advantage to commercial nurseries. It is expected not only to encourage the commercial use of residue in crops that require specific concentrations of metals such as aluminum, abundant in the mud, the greater concern is the environmental and ecological nature, as tons of waste are discarded altogether, causing pollution and occupation of space unnecessarily.Item Desenvolvimento e caracterização de sensores quimicamente modificados para análise de sulfeto(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2010-02-09) MATIAS, Ana Elisa Barreto; GIL, Eric de Souza; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3218622824233303The developmental impulse of the present time has caused a continuous degradation of the environment, which increases the need of monitoring the contaminant levels launched in the natural water courses and industrial effluents. In this context, it is crucial to develop new methodologies of determination and quantification of various types of pollutants, with rapidity, selectivity and sensitivity, characteristics which were found in the chemically modified electrodes (CMEs). Many industrial processes are polluting the sources of water resources, such as the petrochemical industries and paper and cellulose industries. From those, sulfide is frequently set free causing serious demages due to its high toxicity, even in low concentrations, which suggests methods of detention of sulfide of high sensitivity, reduced time and low cost. Some analytical methodologies for the detention of sulfide are based on the reaction with methylene blue, which has recognized mediating electron capacity. Accordingly, the development and characterization of CMEs, modified with silica-niobium-methylene blue possess promising characteristics and great potential of use in these analyses. Studies of the voltametric behavior of CMEs had been carried through with different concentrations of SNAM. Beyond the effect of the paste composition, also the effect of the type of electrolyte support and of the pH had been investigated. The CMEs had been studied by cyclic voltammetry, linear voltammetry and chronoamperometry technique, presenting good reply to the ion sulfide in the linear response range between 7.59 x 10¬6 and 6,34 x 10¬5 moI L¬ 1, with correlation coefficient (r) of 0, 9979, detection limit of 2,03 x 10-6mol L-1 and quantification limit of 6,77 x 10¬6 moI L¬ 1. The results gotten in this work has allowed to conclude that the carbon paste modified with SNAM presents a good analytical performance for analysis of sulfide in samples of environmental interestItem Redução do Acefato utilizando lacases produzidas por Trametes villosa e Pycnoporus sanguineus com Trichodermas isolados do Cerrado(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2011-08-23) SILVA, Carolina Braz; SANTIAGO, Mariângela Fontes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7143224488081563The organophosphate insecticides have been widely used for agricultural purposes. In the environment, organophosphates have been found in various environmental matrices, resulting in a growing environmental concern, among these compounds stands out Acephate, organophosphate and was registered by ANVISA reassessed in 2009, due to their toxicological and carcinogenic potential. The development of this work sought to select strains of Trichoderma harzianum capable of stimulating enzyme production by Trametes villosa and Pycnoporus sanguineus to promote the reduction of toxicity of Acephate. First there was the selection of strains of T. harzianum then became mixed cropping of selected strains of T. harzianum with Trametes villosa and T. harzianum with Pycnoporus sanguineus to determine the potential production of enzymes, and further tests were carried out with concentrations of 10% and 50% Acephate then held the toxicity test to assess the reduction of toxicity of Acephate. The results obtained in the experiments show that linhanges T. harzianum are good producers of lignin peroxidase (45 U.mL-1) and manganese peroxidase (23 Uml-1), the strains of T. harzianum were able to increase the production of Laccase in culture with T. villosa (20.57 Uml-1) and assessed that the fungi produced more enzymes in the presence of 50% Acephate. In toxicity tests, the samples with 10% Acephate addressed by the fungi indicated that compared to control, the association of P. sanguineus and Trichoderma T47 increased by 94% of cholinesterase, indicating a decrease in its toxicity, the association of P. sanguineus and Trichoderma harzianum ALL42 increase of 93% and the association between T. villosa and T. harzianum T39, an increase of 100% of cholinesterase, indicating that fungi were able to reduce the toxicity of Acephate.Item Análise da eficiência de métodos de controle de Enchentes na atenuação de picos de cheias utilizando o modelo computacional SWMM Storm Water managemente model(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2007-08-31) SILVA, Karla Alcione da; FORMIGA, Klebber Teodomiro Martins; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7889484406721543This research presents an evaluation of the eficiency of four flood control measures applied to an urban basin in the city of Goiânia, State of Goiás, Brazil. Goiânia shows frequent flooding problems. The following factors have been identified as causes of the floodings: (1) significant number of impervious areas (2) lack of green areas, (3) insuficient capacity of the pipe network to convey the produced water volume. Small detention basins, infiltration trenches and the increase of permeable areas (30-50%) within parcels have been evaluated as flood control measures as well as the use of the Lago do Bosque dos Buritis as a detention basin. For this purpose, the Stormwater Management Model SWMM has been applied for evaluating 11 hypothetic management measures in the water basin. The later control measures were evaluated individually as combined. In determining the impervious area index of the studied area, field visits have been carried out, which showed high imperviousness. (86.16%). A synthetic rainfall time series, derived from the equation proposed by Costa e Brito (1999) with recurrence of 2 years, has been used in the simulations. Horton`s equation was applied to represent infiltration with parameters presented in Moura (2005). The scenario which combines the use of infiltration trenches and the increase of pervious areas to 50% has shown to be the best solution in reducing peak flow with 43% eficiency. On the other hand, the scenario using detention basins presented the smallest efficiency (3%).