EECA - Escola de Engenharia Civil e Ambiental
URI Permanente desta comunidade
Navegar
Navegando EECA - Escola de Engenharia Civil e Ambiental por Por Área do CNPQ "CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA CIVIL::GEOTECNICA"
Agora exibindo 1 - 20 de 20
Resultados por página
Opções de Ordenação
Item Análise tridimensional de estabilidade de talude utilizando o método de equilíbrio limite aperfeiçoado(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2009-09-29) ADRIANO, Pedro Rogério Ribeiro; GITIRANA JUNIOR, Gilson de Farias Neves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4710728908810849The main objective of this research is to investigate a three-dimensional (3D) slope stability analysis technique using the enhanced limit equilibrium method. The other objectives are to evaluate the practical applicability of the 3D analysis method, to interpret the physical significance of 3D stress states to the stability of a slope, and to determine the relationship between two-dimensional and three-dimensional factors of safety. For that, a computer program called SAFE3D was developed. The computer program is used to calculate the three-dimensional factor of safety (FS3D) for pre-established slip surfaces with spherical or ellipsoidal shape. The computer program is based on the two-dimensional analysis method proposed by Kulhawy, combined with an extension of this theory to 3D conditions that is proposed herein. The method developed consists in determining the in-situ stress fields by means of an elastic 3D stress-strain analysis using the finite element method. The 3D stress fields are then used to calculate the normal and shear stresses along any pre-determined slip surface and to determine the value of FS3D. Two slope stability problems widely studied by other researchers were analyzed in order to validate the program SAFE3D. The first problem corresponds to a symmetric cohesive slope and the second problem corresponds to a non-symmetric slope with cohesion and friction. Excellent results were obtained, suggesting that the program SAFE3D is efficient, stable, and robust for the problems studied. The values of FS3D obtained herein are similar to the values presented by other authors using distinct methods of analysis. A parametric study was carried out considering the shape of the slip surface and the shape of the face of the slope, including concave and convex slopes. The results indicate that the values of FS3D are always higher than the two-dimensional factor of safety (FS2D) of the intermediate surface. The value of FS3D decreased for slip surfaces extended across the sliding direction and approached the value of FS2D. It was determined that the Poisson's ratio has an important influence on the FS3D. The value of FS3D increases with the increase of Poisson's ratio. This influence varies with the geometry of the problem and the treatment given to the cinematically inadmissible shear stresses. Finally, a 3D analysis of the historic case of Lodalen is presented. The results indicate that the FS3D at the time of the slide is slightly higher and approaches 1 if the less favorable shear strength parameters determined by previous studies are used. In this case, the values obtained for FS2D are considerably smaller than 1, thereby indicating the potential superiority of the 3D approach.Item Uma nova metodologia de extrapolação dos dados da prova de carga dinâmica: MES-CASE(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2010-02-26) ALVES, éder Chaveiro; SALES, Maurício Martines; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2033708685029423; VIANA, Paulo Márcio Fernandes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4545240150317474Since 1983, when the experiment of dynamic load has been plunged in Brazil, the execution of this kind of experiment has become a common practice in foundation sites on precast inserted piles. In many cases the experiment of dynamic load doesn t mobilize the ultimate strength of the tested pile; the causes of these events may be due to: the available equipment at the site isn t capable of obtaining enough kinetic energy to mobilize the ultimate strength; the structural element presents ruptures; the client desire of not mobilizing all the ultimate strength; among others. Knowing the necessity of determining the ultimate strength in order to adapt the construction to the security factors required by NBR 6122/1996, this essay pursuits developing a methodology of extrapolation of the curve of mobilized static resistance versus the maximum displacement obtained through the dynamic load proof (dynamic load experiment of crescent energy), applying the Simplified Method CASE, to inserted precast piles. Studying 21 (twenty-one) proofs of dynamic load (PDL), an extrapolation methodology has been developed entitled as Simplified Extrapolation Methodology of CASE Method (SEM-CASE). The methodology is based on the criteria of complementary energy, presented by Aoki in 1997. The results have demonstrated that the method SEM-CASE has presented itself as easy manipulation. The estimated values of ultimate complementary strength calculated by the SEM-CASE has presented pretty close to the measured values, existing only one pile which presented a value error bigger than 10%. The estimated values of ultimate pile strength, obtained by the SEM-CASE, showed themselves similar to the measured values, also having a value error inferior to 10%. The exponential function has obtained better results of adjustment coefficient (R2) related to the points of the curve of mobilized static resistance versus the maximum displacement measured in the dynamic load proof. Besides, applying model selection criteria was obtained that the exponential function is more efficient to estimate the curve of mobilized static resistance versus the maximum displacement than the hyperbolic and parabolic functions.Item Análise da interação solo-estrutura em edifícios sobre estacas(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2009-10-29) ARAÚJO, Adrianne Carvalho de; SALES, Maurício Martines; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2033708685029423; PRADO, Ademir Aparecido do; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4118518363912053The joined structure-foundation analysis of buildings is one of the studied themes of Soil- Structure Interaction (SSI). In this research, a numerical tool was developed using the Matlab program to evaluate the soil-structure interaction in buildings, where the problem has been studied in the last years, but has not became a current practice in civil engineering. The developed program, here named as AIEFE, predict the settlement using the Aoki and Lopes (1975) method, using as input data the reaction loads of building columns, calculated in any subroutine of spatial-portico analysis. The commercial program TQS was chosen as this subroutine in the present research. The found foundation settlements were converted in stiffness values and, then, inputted again in the structural analysis, predicting new settlements, but no more considering the foundations as fixed points . The method is iterative, aiming to reach the settlement (or load) convergence. Two examples of buildings supported by piled foundations were analyzed. The first one presented an almost square plant and the other one was typically rectangular. The SSI effects were analyzed in terms of column loads and also stiffness and foundations settlements during the constructive process of the 15-levels studied cases. During the construction of the first building levels, it was observed a greater load and settlement redistribution, due the lower structural stiffness. Using the foundation stiffness instead of settlement values was considered as an efficient process of convergence. It was also observed that the non-linear foundation behavior had a great influence in the structure load redistribution, even on advanced construction stages when the structure stiffness has a great value.Item Análise do Desempenho de poços de infiltração na cidade de Goiânia-GO(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2010-07-31) ARAUJO, Alexandre Garces de; SALES, Maurício Martines; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2033708685029423; GITIRANA JUNIOR, Gilson de Farias Neves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4710728908810849This paper presents the performance study of infiltration pits. Two experimental fields were selected for evaluation of the pits, one studied by Carvalho (2008) and the other deployed in this work. The main objective of this research is to evaluate the sensitivity of the performance of the infiltration pit before the variability of soil properties. Three performance parameters were considered: time of infiltration 50%, 70% 85% the volume of water in the well. The variability of the properties was made with the use of possible values obtained by the coefficient of variation of each property evaluated. In the experimental field deployed in this study were collected undisturbed samples to perform laboratory tests such as characterization, consolidation test method, soil-water characteristic curve, saturated and unsaturated hydraulic conductivity. The SWCC showed the presence of macro structure and its format as bimodal. The saturated hydraulic conductivity showed that the soil behavior is governed by the macro structure, this resulted in hydraulic conductivity value close to the sandy. The hydraulic conductivity test was performed at the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul using the permeameter developed by Feuerharmel (2007). The function of hydraulic conductivity obtained was compared with Brooks & Corey (1964) prediction method showing good results to the first baseline of SWCC. An automated method was developed for monitoring the variation of the water column in the well during infiltration. The method was based on the use of pressure sensors and a data acquisition system, comparing this method with using a conventional tape measure showed good results. Numerical analysis showed that the saturated hydraulic conductivity is the property that most influence on the performance of the structures of infiltration differences were not observed in the analysis considering different depth of groundwater level.Item Comportamento hidráulico de um perfil de solo não saturado de Aparecida de Goiânia-GO(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2010-04-30) BORGES, Camilla Rodrigues; VARGAS, Carlos Alberto Lauro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3816106720170772; GITIRANA JUNIOR, Gilson de Farias Neves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4710728908810849The hydraulic behavior of a tropical and unsaturated soil profile of Aparecida de Goiânia-GO is presented. The main objective of this research was to contribute to the understanding of hydraulic properties of a tropical soil, with special emphasis on the soil-water characteristic curves and its hysteresis. The research work done was divided into two main parts: physical, chemical and mineralogical characterization; and hydraulic behavior for the unsaturated condition. The characterization tests indicate that the soil profile studied is formed by two horizons. The top layer of 1,50 m comprised of transported material and a bottom layer comprised of young residual soil. The results of particle size analysis have shown that the various sample preparation conditions (i.e., with or without drying, chemical and physical disaggregation) produce different grain-size distribution curves. A varying state of disaggregation can be achieved, that state being dependent on the stability of the soil aggregates. A fairly good correspondence between conventional hydrometer and laser diffraction analysis was achieved, considering supposedly equivalent aggregation conditions. The soil-water characteristic curve (SWCC) was measured for both the natural and the soil reconstituted by mud consolidation. The role played by the soil fabric on the hydraulic behavior of the soil was analyzed. The SWCC was obtained for drying, wetting, and mixed paths, both in terms of total and matric suction. It was determined that the natural and reconstituted soils have distinct SWCCs. The disaggregation achieved with the reconstituted soil results in higher air-entry values and a unimodal SWCC, even when the natural soil presents a bimodal SWCC. Therefore, the pore-size distribution if affected by the different soil structures. The procedure for wetting and drying soil samples used along with the filter paper technique resulted in a number of SWCCs showing absence of hysteresis. The study of the moisture content along the specimen s heights revealed non-homogeneous moisture content distributions, even after 14 day of equilibrium of water potential. It was concluded that it is the very existence of SWCC hysteresis, along with a not sufficiently slow wetting and drying from the specimen surface that results in a non-homogeneous moisture content.Item Estudo de tratamentos com lítio no combate da reação álcali-agregado(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2009-09-11) CÂNDIDO, Wilson Ferreira; HASPARYK, Nicole Pagan; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4932240949129648The alkali-aggregate reaction (AAR) is one of the deterioration processes of concrete that most affects the structures of hydroelectric plants, concrete dams and bridges. In recent years, the efficiency of lithium based compounds to mitigate RAA has been proven in both the prevention and repair of the affected structures. With regards to treatment, the main challenge nowadays is how to ensure the adequate impregnation of concrete with the lithium solution. Given this difficulty, the objective of this research is to investigate in laboratory conditions, the efficiency of various types of treatment, using a product based on lithium nitrate. The treatments sought to prevent or minimize the residual expansion of AAR, in particular the alkali-silica reaction (ASR), already under development in the concrete and mortar. The study was divided into two stages, the first one performed in concrete prisms, from an adaptation of the Brazilian standard NBR 15577-6/2008, and the second stage in mortar bars, from an adaptation of NBR 15577-4/2008. The treatments were performed after the specimens reached a predetermined level of defined expansion: 0.04% for the concretes and 0.18% for the mortars. In the case of the concretes, the treatments were electrochemical lithium impregnation and surface saturation with lithium, in addition to their respective reference procedures (impregnation and surface saturation with water). For the mortars, the situations tested were: vacuum impregnation with lithium, total saturation in lithium, surface saturation in lithium, water immersion and wrapping in plastic film. After each exposure/treatment condition, the specimens returned to the accelerated expansion attack process in order to evaluate the effectiveness of each treatment. The results demonstrated the efficiency of the lithium based composite to mitigate the residual expansion, both in the concretes as well as in the mortars, with a different behavior depending on the conditions used. The treatment that had the best efficiency in the concrete, under the applied experimental conditions, was the surface saturation of lithium, achieving a 90% reduction in the residual values of expansions at the end of the attack (73 days), taking as reference the surface saturation condition with water. The lithium electrochemical impregnation performed was able to mitigate the residual expansions, but only up to the age of 42 days after treatment, at which time the reduction was of 50%. In fact, at 73 days the expansions were similar to those of the untreated sample. All treatments with lithium performed in the mortars were able to mitigate the residual expansions at levels approaching reduction of expansion (about 87%), with the total saturation in lithium the most efficient condition.Item Envoltória de resistência do concreto compactado com rolo (CCR),incluindo o efeito escala(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2010-08-31) JUNQUEIRA, Pedro João Barbosa; VARGAS, Carlos Alberto Lauro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3816106720170772The dam construction tecnology with roller compacted concrete has undergone noticeable improvements in the areas of concrete technology and enforcement procedure. One can cite the enrichment of roller compacted concrete dam face and the whole sequence leading to obtaining such enrichment, in a short-term enforcement, by the least cost and with the guarantee of the security needed, as one of those remarkable improvements. This work, however, tries to contribute with the theme of the properties of concrete and incorporates basic issues of materials science to set a failure criterion to the results of combined loadings tests performed in RCC specimens of varied sizes, made with the same dosage of Junqueira et al. (2008). The goal is to predict the real strength of the roller compacted concrete dam. Therefore, tests of diametral compression, uniaxial compression, triaxial compression and direct shear tests were performed in RCC specimens of different sizes. The results of such tests were presented using tables and graphs which showed a fall of resistance with increasing the size of the specimen tested face of such loadings. Finally, the data from all trials of this work and of Junqueira et al. (2008) were gathered and studied, so as to increase the precision of the strength envelope of Hoek and Brown set.Item Avaliação da capacidade de proteção contra a corrosão da arma-dura induzida por cloretos de concretos com adições minerais e inibidores de corrosão(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2009-09-28) LIMA, Marcelo Batista; HASPARYK, Nicole Pagan; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4932240949129648; CASCUDO, Oswaldo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3336749062812376Increasing the durability of concrete structural elements is primordial, especially those related to power generation in eolic areas that are subjected to the phenomenon of reinforcement corrosion. In this context, this study aims to evaluate the overall protection ability of concrete to the phenomenon of reinforcement corrosion induced by chlorides. To this end, it was adopted a statistical program based on a fractional factorial design in which the variables studied were as follows: the water-binder ratio (0.35, 0.45 and 0.55), the type of mineral admixture (silica fume and blast furnace slag at specific levels), the type of corrosion inhibitor (calcium nitrite, sodium nitrite and amine) and the level of corrosion inhibitor (minimum and maximum recommended by each manufacturer). In the concrete investigations, the tests performed were corrosion potential, polarization resistance and electrochemical impedance. Throughout the experiments, it was possible to testify the beneficial effect of reducing the water-binder ratio. It was also possible to prove the very positive effect of the incorporation of mineral admixtures, especially of silica fume. The satisfactory performance of various inhibitors evaluated was also verified, specially when concrete contains mineral admixtures. A parallel study was conducted to make a comparative analysis of inhibitors at the same range of concentrations (at solid levels of 0.76%, 2.21% and 3.66% of the compound on the cement mass), nevertheless this study have demonstrated that fixing contents for all inhibitor is not appropriated, and the recommended dosages by the manufacturer is the best condition. As the levels recommended by manufacturers, it was found that the higher percentages have not worked well for sodium nitrite otherwise, for amine and nitrite calcium, the higher levels implied better results. Regarding the tannin inhibitor also assessed in the parallel study mentioned above (related to specific inhibitors), its good performance related to corrosion inhibition happened just for the content of 0.76% (the lowest levels). For the other contents, it was verified anomalous results. These results demonstrated that each type of corrosion inhibitor has its optimal concentration for use in concrete. Based on a cost-benefit analysis and evaluating the increase in the concrete value for cubic meter (in R$) in the presence of inhibitors at the same contents, it was verified a relative parity prices among the tested nitrites and an extremely high cost of amine. However, when performing the same analysis but using the levels recommended by the manufacturers for each inhibitor independent, it was found that the large disparity in prices between nitrite and amine was reduced considerably. An assessment of technical and economic feasibility was also performed based on the efficiency of corrosion inhibition and cost per cubic meter of concrete mixtures that did not show a typical depassivation of their stell bar up to the attack age evaluatedItem Diretrizes para o controle dos projetos executivos no canteiro de obras(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2011-05-30) MATOS, Luri Sabina Cosme da Silva; BRANDSTETTER, Maria Carolina Gomes de Oliveira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8038795637292636Item Um modelo de gestão de resíduos sólidos: aplicação em indústria de artefatos e pré-moldados de concreto(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2009-09-04) MELO, Tatiane Medeiros; TUBINO, Rejane Maria Candiota; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5775852172717383; ARAÚJO, Daniel de Lima; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8801080897723883The productive chain of the construction industry is responsible for many positive and negative impacts on the built environment. One of the negative impacts refers to the high amount of waste produced, which can be reduced through the industrialization of construction, that is, through the reduction of services at construction sites and transferring them to the factories. In this sense, the use of prefabricated structures may reduce the production of waste arising from the implementation phase of structures, such as molds and buttresses. However, if the production of the prefabricated elements in plants is not properly planned, the problems of waste production can be transferred from construction site for the industry environment. This fact was observed in some industries of artifacts and pre-molded concrete. The aim of this paper is to propose a methodology for solid waste management through the integration of the methodologies of environmental management system, cleaner production and suggestion already published of project management of construction waste envisaged by Resolution nº 307 Conama and applies this methodology in an industry artifacts and pre-cast concrete. For this, two processes of an industry of Goiânia were selected, which served as a pilot in the implementation of model solid waste management proposed. By implementing this model, it was possible to quantify the waste produced in the processes studied, as well as make significant improvements in its characterization, segregation, packaging, transportation and disposal through the implementation of opportunities for cleaner production highlighted. Moreover, mechanisms were created for the own employees were responsible for maintaining the proposed activities. As result of this study, a database about the chain of waste in the processes studied was produced, which can be used in future for the proposition of other opportunities for cleaner production in industry studied. Still, the methodology of waste management proposal can serve as a model for replication in other industries of artifacts and pre-cast concreteItem Construção e avaliação inicial de um trecho de pavimento asfáltico executado com misturas de solo tropical, fosfogesso e cal(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2010-08-13) METOGO, Daniel Arthur Nnang; REZENDE, Lilian Ribeiro de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9258692609398794Presently in Brazil, there is a real difficulty to reuse solid waste. Among them, the phosphogypsum, a byproduct of phosphatic acid production. The huge deposits of this waste become problematic both environmentally and economically. Therefore, researches are being conducted to find a reuse of this material in geotechnical engineering. In the specific case of its application in paving, beyond reuse waste, seek to reduce the exploitation of natural materials, traditionally used in construction of roads. Laboratory tests showed the possibility of use of phosphogypsum in paving when mixed with soil or chemically stabilizer. Thus, this study evaluates on field, the mechanical behavior of mixtures of phosphogypsum, tropical soil of Aparecida de Goiania-GO and lime, when used in base layers of asphalt pavement. For that, laboratory tests were performed to characterize the mixtures to be used on field and was constructed an experimental pavement with mixtures of soil (80%) + phosphogypsum (20%), soil (80%) + phosphogypsum (11%) + lime (9%), soil (91%) + lime (9%) and gravel (100%). During the experimental pavement construction, field tests specifics of paving were conducted, to check its good execution and evaluate its initial performance. To better understand the behavior of the experimental pavement, a second step of field tests was conducted, six months after the release of traffic. From this study, was been observed that both in laboratory and field, the mixture soil (80%) + phosphogypsum (11%) + lime (9%) was that which presented the best mechanical performances and can thus replace the gravel for construction of low cost pavement. However, care should be adopted to control the expansion of this mixture.Item Análise numérica 3D do túnel auxiliar a jusante da UHE simplício-anta(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2011-08-29) MORAES NETO, Floriano Rodrigues de; VARGAS, Carlos Alberto Lauro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3816106720170772With the accelerated occupation of the space, the use of tunnels play an important role in engineering, in this sense, the deformations control during it s construction process is very important for the best performance of tunnels. In this sense the numerical analyzes represent a likely economy in the design process. This paper uses a theory of elasticity in the FlexPDE, the same allows the solution of a system of partial differential equations using the finite elements method and producing a graphical output of the problem. In this sense simulations were performed using three-dimensional numerical deep tunnel under the elastic rock in a physical environment continuously, equivalent to the rock mass. Analyzes were made of three-dimensional numerical condition and constructive process of a circular tunnel deep in the rock. These results were compared with the elastic solution of Kirsch for a cross section corresponding to the plane strain state, showing good concordance of numerical results with the analytical. After the verification stage of the numeric model has also been given to the numerical simulation 3D and analyses based on monitoring data from the tunnel auxiliary of the Hydroelectric Power Plant (HPP) of Simplicio/Anta, located in Paraiba do Sul River, in the state of Rio de January - RJ. In this work were carried out measurements of convergence in various sections of the tunnel at the same time of excavation progress. These results and the parameters of characterisation, strength and deformation were colected from Vissoto Junior (2009). Finally the results of the analyzes numerical 3D were compared with the results of field, and after the adjustment of geotechnical parameters in back analyses was obtained a good concordance of numerical results with field data. In this case studied the excavation of the tunnel had a linear elastic behavior since the rock mass is of good quality and the tunnel relatively small.Item Ensaios pressiométricos de Ménard em maciços compactados para a avaliação de módulos elásticos(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2010-12-17) OLIVEIRA, Devonzir Magalhães de; SALES, Maurício Martines; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2033708685029423The compacting control of earthy materials at engineering works demands great efforts and the necessity of conducting field and laboratory tests in time and space, conditioned by the work schedule always tight. It is also known that the embankment supports the efforts of substantial bodies of water with potential energy, which if, uncontrollably released, will cause tragedies and imponderable material damages. This work presents the methodology of execution and analysis of the results of field and laboratory tests performed in two experimental embankments builted during the definition of the construction s processes of the Batalha Hydroelectric Power Plant. It was collected disturbed and undisturbed samples at twelve spot in each embankment, to perform characterization tests, triaxial compression test and consolidation test. The results of these laboratory tests where compared to the results of twenty four Pressuremeter Tests (PMT) fulfilled at the same embankment. The interpretation of the PMT tests was done according to french standards. These tests provided results of Ménard Pressuremeter Modulus (EM), pressuremeter limit pressure (pl) and creep pressure (pf), which corresponds to the end of the elastic range of the material. In addition, it was performed twenty four Standard Penetration Tests in both embankments to obtain the Nspt and compare with the results of PMT. The studies developed in this research showed that these tests point out results with less variability that the ones from the laboratories and can be realized with no difficulties along the soil profile. The results achieved demonstrated that the PMT can be a very useful tool to reach the modulus of elasticity at any depth of the landfill, mainly in rolled-fill dams already operating a long time and in places where there are restrictions to remove samples for laboratory tests.Item Proposta de Monitoramento dos Processo do Meio Físico em Obras Viárias.(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2010-10-18) REIS, Victor Emmanuel dos; ROMÃO, Patrícia de Araújo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0188184635964559This work presents an evaluation of the processes of the physical environment in road construction, materialized in two case studies and thereby aims to contribute to a proposal for monitoring of these processes trigged or intensified by road constructions. In the first case study addressed the highway GO-309 located near the capital of Goiás. The applied methodology includes monitoring the construction phases of the highway, from the completion of field survey form to record information gathered over the years 2005, 2007, 2009 and 2010. We observed the processes of the physical environment and impacts and made relevant correlations and analysis. Were highlighted the erosion and landslides induced by construction of road works, causing degradation of the most diverse, compromising the body road practicability and safety of the user traffic. The survey also allowed, besides the qualification, the quantification of the recovery costs of degradation processes, observed compared to the physical environment that needed reconstruction and recovery of a great part of the road segment. The second case study is a stretch of the highway GO- 236 located in the northwestern state. The methodology used two geophysical researches: Non-invasive and non-destructive; The method of resistivity or electrical profiling, which allowed the analysis of the susceptibility to mass movements related to the location of karst cavities and structures of depth, and the method of Ground Penetrating Radar or Ground Penetrating Soil- GPR in locating natural or artificial structures and the assessment of stratigraphy, thickness and condition of the pavement layers. It has been shown in addition, the importance and relevance, the use of geophysical prospecting methods of investigation, with the use of the GPR and resistivity in road works. Mainly in the recognition of the area of interest, allowing a better foundation in decision making, mitigating potential future risks. The aim is to it, provide subsidies to road agencies in the preparation of technical specifications and terms of reference for controlling and monitoring the dynamics of the processes of the physical environment.Item Análise de blocos de concreto armado sobre estacas(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2010-12-16) SAKAI, Erika; SALES, Maurício Martines; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2033708685029423; PRADO, Ademir Aparecido do; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4118518363912053Through studies on the choice of type of foundation to use a certain work, always when the foundation is to pile it is necessary to build another structural element, the block of crowing or also called pile caps. Several studies have been made taking into account the block on stilts without the influence of soil. So this work demonstrates the relationship of methods of calculation of reactions in piles and tensions in chunks of some authors that take into account the influence of soil or not, with the numerical analysis. To analyzethe fundations the program DIANA was used in conjunction with MIDAS / FX +. With these results, ground-structure in the study of these blocks can be concluded on the importance of the interaction, being distinguished that as example, that if the ground are taken in consideration in the analyses of rigid blocks, the biggest reactions if are concentrate near the corners of the block, independent of the type of load application studied and not in the props central offices as some simplified methods consider. This leads to a closer examination of reality and therefore more accurate.Item Avaliação das Flutuacões Sazonais de Umidade e Sucção em um Perfil de Solo Tropical.(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2011-03-03) SILVA JÚNIOR, Arlam Carneiro; GITIRANA JUNIOR, Gilson de Farias Neves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4710728908810849The evaluation of soil-atmosphere interaction is crucial in several examples of geotechnical works as compaction operations, construction and operation of dams and slope stability. Generally, in these examples, the soils are in unsaturated state. The main objective of this study is to assess and refine the mechanistic approach to predict the changing conditions of suction and moisture of a soil profile unsaturated. Three methods for predicting soil-water characteristic curve were evaluated, and a new method was proposed. The prediction methods, examined in this study, are based on particle size and other index properties. Were considered the soil of the experimental field of Furnas in Aparecida de Goiania (Goiás - Brazil), the soil of the experimental field of the University of Brasilia and soils of temperate climate. Good results were obtained from the prediction methods used. Were monitored for six months, the water content, suction, groundwater and atmospheric conditions of the experimental field of Furnas. The water content was obtained by removal of soil samples and suction was obtained by two measuring methods: filter paper and tensiometer. A device for installation and under the filter paper in the field was developed. The method of the paper filter had good results of total suction and the use of a tensiometer allowed measurements of a limited range of matric suction. Water content and suction predictions were made for the experimental field of Furnas from numerical analysis. It considered soil-water characteristic curves experimental and provided in numerical analysis. It have found most difficult to predict suction and moisture for the shallowest depth analyzed.Item Investigação de jazidas de solos tropicais para uso em pavimentação na região metropolitana de Goiânia - GO(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2010-08-30) SILVA, Rita de Cássia; REZENDE, Lilian Ribeiro de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9258692609398794; ROMÃO, Patrícia de Araújo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0188184635964559Paving is part of infrastructure investment to maintain and enhance economic growth and conditions for improving life quality. It is an activity that depends on selection and extraction of materials and requires high investments, whose availability is often limited and requires minimization of costs at all stages. Therefore, as it promotes a great economy mainly in transport, the use of appropriate materials extracted closest to the area to be paved should be taken into account in selection stage. Besides, conventional materials suitable for use in the pavement structure, such as granular materials, are scarce. Therefore, knowledge of regional materials with appropriate characteristics to the pavement is even more important. The Brazilian experience in using tropical lateritic soils in highways has been highly promising, contradicting the conventional use of the specifications adopted in the temperate regions. This experience has brought the implementation of lateritic soils and structured for this purpose the MCT (Miniature, Compressed, Tropical) methodology. From this context, the main objective of this work is to investigate soils that have suitable properties for use in paving and potential mineral deposits. The research was then conducted in two stages. The first one came from an environmental characterization, based mainly on maps, which allowed the identification of seven points for preliminary assessment of the indicated areas. The samples collected near to the surface were tested by X-ray diffraction, expeditious disk method and chemical analysis. By analyzing these points, two were chosen, where wells were dug for the analysis of soil profile. During this second phase, soil samples collected from these wells were tested for conventional characterization and support capacity by traditional method and by the MCT in order to evaluate these soils with respect to their support capacity to application to pavements. This investigation concluded that the soil properties of the two wells were favorable for the intended use. It is noteworthy, however, that although both belong to the group of Latossolos, they showed signs of being at different stages of weathering. According to the foregoing, it is believed that this research can contribute to the investigation of lateritic clay soils for use in paving as well as to enhance the city's geotechnical information, in the case Goiania, and thereby contribute to the integrated planning of future areas to be paved.Item Análise do comportamento mecânico de um solo expansivo da província petrolífera de Urucu-AM para fins de pavimentação(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2009-10-30) SOUZA, Leonardo Sebastiao de; REZENDE, Lilian Ribeiro de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9258692609398794; GITIRANA JUNIOR, Gilson de Farias Neves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4710728908810849The establishment of transportation infrastructure is critical to the development of the Urucu- AM region, a newly developed oil exploration area in the Amazonas state. The construction of such infrastructure is challenging due to the lack of suitable materials for the construction pavement base and subbase courses and adverse weather conditions, with alternating heavy rainfall and drought periods. Besides the shortage of suitable granular material, the presence of expansive soils is often verified. The presence of expansive soils associated with inadequate moisture content during compaction, results in the occurrence of cracks in the pavements, drastically reducing its performance and lifetime. A quantitative understanding of this type of problem requires the analysis of the interaction between the unsaturated soil surface and the atmosphere and the study the mechanical behavior (stress-strain) of unsaturated soil. Such understanding requires the determination of the variations in soil moisture and total volume. The quantification of tensile stresses also requires the establishment or evaluation of the constitutive relations of the unsaturated expansive soils involved. Experiments were conducted in the laboratory with the objective of characterizing the hydraulic and mechanical behavior of expansive soils from Urucu-AM. Chemical, physical and mineralogy characterization tests were carried out for the soil. Geotechnical characterization and Proctor compaction tests and compression were performed. To study the soil in the unsaturated condition, the main focus of this work, tests were performed using the filter paper technique and the axis translation technique under oedometric conditions. For the suction controlled oedometric tests, a cell developed specially for this purpose was employed. The oedometer allows for the independent control of vertical stress and matric suction and the monitoring of the variation of moisture and total volume study. State surfaces for void ratio, degree of saturation and gravimetric moisture content were determined. The results obtained show the expected mechanical behavior of the soil under wetting paths.Item Análise dos fatores de interação entre estacas em radier estaqueado : comparação entre duas ferramentas numéricas(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2010-08-06) SOUZA, Ruiter da Silva; SALES, Maurício Martines; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2033708685029423Researches done in the last decades concerning the settlement of pile foundations, mainly when it s considered as piled raft, had greatly evolved due the progress on computational tools used in the analysis. However, the tridimensional analysis of a pile foundation, taking into account the interaction between your components (soil, piles and raft), is still a very complex problem. To achieve a satisfactory evaluation of the interaction between the foundation's elements, numerical tools like Boundary Elements Method (B.E.M.), Finite Elements Method (F.E.M.) and hybrid methods, that combines two or more methods, are available, each one with its own advantages and drawbacks. The F.E.M. is considered in the technical sphere as the most complete method for piled raft evaluation, but your high processing time requirements, required in the analyses, prevents your usual employment. For this reason, a necessity to compare this methodology with others, as the one used in simplified programs, that decreases the processing time, arises. To evaluate the results proximity achieved by different methods, this work presents the simulation of some pile blocks, calculated as piled rafts, employing two programs (GARP and DIANA) to foresee your behavior. GARP is a hybrid program which analyzes the raft by using F.E.M. and the pilessoil set by B.E.M. and, like the other programs of same kind published in the literature, it doesn't take the influence between intermediary piles into account for the analysis. DIANA is a purely finite elements program, based on the displacement method. Thus, the main objective of this work was to evaluate how taking or not the interaction factor between piles into consideration can modify the predictions of settlement and pile loads. For that, it was evaluated how the attribution or omission of these interaction factors into specific regions that comprise some or all the piles, modifies the predictions of the foundation performance and makes them approximate or distant from the F.E.M. results, considering the most exact one. The way that the simplified programs handle the problem, makes the settlement previsions excessive. To contour this and to make the settlement results from the simplified methods become close of the expected ones from F.E.M., the discovered way was the imposition of a limit in the distance used in the calculation of the piles interaction, based on the raft's size and the number of piles in that case. Many examples of pile rafts in homogeneous soils was evaluated and the maximum distance limits of interaction between piles that generated the best results in the settlement prevision are shown. In all examples, the effect of raft stiffness in these results was also taken into account. Also, an analysis case in heterogeneous soil was done, where it was observed that this fact also interferes in the piles interaction process. For pile load predictions, the results were distinct from settlement prediction and was noticed that not limiting the maximum interaction distance between the piles generated the best previsions.Item Retroanálise numérica da convergência de uma escavação subterrânea em rocha (caso estudo: TAJ UHE Simplício)(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2009-06-09) VISSOTTO JÚNIOR, Lucas Alberto; VARGAS, Carlos Alberto Lauro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3816106720170772Currently, the increasing demand for great workmanships in Brazil, had become an impediment for the development of Brazil. The Geotechnical Engineering is considered an essential tool, in great workmanships (hydroelectric power plants, subways, tunnels, etc.) supplying technical support for design and construction. In this context, the underground excavations in rock have increased too much. This work presents a study of the behavior of the closer of an underground excavation in rock, where it was considered as case study, Simplício hydroelectric power plant, located in the Paranaíba do Sul river, in frontiers of the States of Rio de Janeiro and Minas Gerais. By means of laboratory tests with samples of intact rock and survey mapping of discontinuities, was characterizes the rock mass. Establishing the principal geomechanic parameters and estimating the in-situ stress state of the rock mass, then was chose the geomechanical model and made a numerical simulation of the excavation process tunnel help downstream of tunnel 3. For the tunnel study was conducted a numerical axial analysis symmetry of the relaxation of the excavated mass on the distance from the face of excavation, to determine the moment of installation and simulate a support of the tunnel closer. For the carried out simulation, the rock mass behaved only in the elastic range, finding closer the results of the simulation, the results on the field by monitoring the tunnel. It was observed that for the degree of alteration of the studied mass, the rupture could occur for the rock as well for the discontinuities, depending on the wedges formed for the discontinuities families and the support type applied in the rock mass