Programa de Pós-graduação em Zootecnia

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Efeitos do armazenamento nos parâmetros físicoquímicos e resistência à Salmonella Enteritidis em ovos de ema (Rhea americana)
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2014-02-12) Cervi, Renato Clini; Araújo, Luciana Batalha de Miranda; Rezende, Cíntia Silvia Minafra e; Café, Marcos Barcellos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9860968235125158; Café, Marcos Barcellos; Bailão, Alexandre Mello; Andrade, Maria Auxiliadora
The egg is an animal product with excellent nutritional value used in human food. The Ema (Rhea americana) is an animal of the Brazilian wildlife with potential to produce eggs that differ from other species in its microbiological resistance and percentages of nutrients. In order to obtain information about the chemical composition, resistance to Salmonella Enteritidis, and appropriate forms of storage for preservation of quality, were evaluated five lots of eggs from emus to assess quality in periods of seven , 14 , 21, 28 and 35 days of storage at refrigeration temperature , and three lots on 10 , 20 and 30 days to contamination of Salmonella Enteritidis. According to the results, it can be concluded that the internal quality changes with storage time, remaining viable up to 21 days of storage. The fractions of the egg change with protein degradation, and significant reduction in quality values, expressed in Haugh Unit. The eggs had high resistance to contamination by salmonella Enteritidis in all storage periods. Protein fractions of white and yolk and rheological parameters show differences from chicken egg, providing information to appropriate use of these products by the industry.
Caracterização e potencial de comércio da carne de capivara criada em sistema semi-intensivo
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2014-10-30) Cunha, Waldeliza Fernandes da; Miranda, Luciana Batalha; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8602509262472528; Sousa, Cleiton Mateus; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5212392589323518; Sereno, José Robson Bezerra; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0848686465662209; Sereno, José Robson Bezerra; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0848686465662209; Monteiro, Elias de Pádua; Silveira, Miriam Fontes Araújo; Miyagi, Eliane Sayuri; Torres, Maria Célia Lopes
The objective of this study was to evaluate efficiency, profitability and quality of housing, físicos- chemical parameters and acceptability of capybara meat grown in semi-intensive system, as well as knowing the profile and beliefs of consumers of exotic meat. The thesis is composed of five chapters, the chapter 1, initial considerations that addresses the motivations of research and so on and finally concludes as all, as this is the thesis summary. We conducted a literature review on the topic, from biology and habits of the capybara, the market of wild animals and meat quality. Subsequently characterized the carcass and cuts capybara as income, profitability and microbiology. For this, we used six coming adult capybaras (76kg) the commercial breeding of Jatai GO, slaughtered in the experimental abattoir IF Goiás Campus Ceres. The results showed hot carcass dressing (WHR) in relation to body weight (BW) of 52,9%. The yields of retail cuts (RCC) in descending order were: ham and (31,33%), shoulder (26,67%), rib (17,33%) and loin (10,67%), the profitability of housing is incremented when the cuts are marketed separately, there was no contamination by Salmonella. The physicochemical analyzes, we evaluated the proximate composition, water holding capacity (WHC), shear force (FC) and the color, the cuts from the loin, shank and the palette of six capybaras were used. The results showed that capybara meat has low levels in relation to Domestic meat lipids, highlighting the palette. There was no difference between the cuts for the CRA, HR ranged from 5,3 to 7,1, indicating softness. For color, the palette contents were lower in red (a *) for revealing lower lipid contents. Assessing the acceptability of capybara meat cuts and types of crackling, offering up different types of meat to consumers. The results showed that the capybara meat had similar acceptance pork and lamb, being lower than the beef. To know the profile and beliefs of consumers (end and distributors) of these products in the towns of Caldas Novas, Ceres and Goiânia, GO . The results showed that respondents consume meat of any wild form, capybara meat is the most consumed in the form of meatballs. It was evident that even family and friends influenced the consumption of these products. Finally, we observed the existence of belief that meat from animals raised in captivity is healthier, attributing the quality, price and availability of the product as determinants of increased consumption of meat of wild animals in these regions studied. We conclude that capybara meat has the potential consumer and marketing.
Farinha de camarão em dietas para o tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum)
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2015-03-03) Souto, Cristielle Nunes; Pádua, Delma M. Cantisani; Paula, Fernanda Gomes de; Guimarães, Igo Gomes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1959358415883904; Guimarães , Igo Gomes; Miranda, Edma Carvalho; Oliveira, Denise Silva de
This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of replacing soybean meal by shrimp meal in diets for tambaqui. In trial I, the coefficient of total tract apparent digestibility of the dry matter, protein, amino acids, fat, chitin, and organic matter was determined for shrimp meal, while in trial II, the growth performance of tambaqui fed diets containing graded levels of shrimp meal was evaluated. Triplicates groups of Tambaqui fingerlings with 2.7±0.72g mean initial weight were randomly assigned to 20 310L-aquaria and fed five diets that the soybean meal protein was replaced by shrimp meal protein at 0.0, 12.5, 25, 50 and 75%. The parameters evaluated were weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion ratio, specific growth rate, protein efficiency ratio, protein retention and diet with lower valuation was represented by higher replacement. Carcass chemical composition, haematology and serum biochemistry were analysed as well. Chitin seems not to be digested by tambaqui and tended to reduce the CTTAD of dry matter and organic matter. The CTTAD of amino acids were high and correlated to the CTTAD of protein. Fish fed diets containing the 48.6% shrimp showed the highest ash content (P<0.05). Haematology of tambaqui was not affected by shrimp meal inclusion. However, the number of thrombocytes and eosinophils increased in fish fed the diets with the highest shrimp meal level. The gain in weight was low with the highest level of shrimp meal inclusion, however, no effect of shrimp meal inclusion to the diets was observed in others growth parameters. Total serum protein and globulin levels increased according to the increase of shrimp meal levels (P<0,05). In sum, shrimp meal protein seems to be able to replace the soybean meal protein up to 75% in diets for tambaqui without reducing the growth performance or health status. A possible immune enhancer effect of natural chitin from shrimp meal may take place in tambaqui; however further studies are needed to confirm our hypothesis.
Avaliação do efeito de variáveis produtivas na conversão alimentar de frangos de corte
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2015-03-27) Lupatini, Flaviana; Stringhini, Jose Henrique; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8505634095383289; Café, Marcos Barcellos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9860968235125158; Arnhold, Emmanuel; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7156945506134934; Café, Marcos Barcellos; França, José Maurício; Carvalho, Fabyola Barros de
The feed conversion is one of the more indexes monitored by poultry agroindustry, in order to keep their production costs within bounds economically viable. The present study was conducted in order to identify which variables productive have the greatest impact on feed conversion of broilers. Was used production data of poultry agroindustry in the central-west of Brazil. The field results were collected from January 2012 to September 2013, a total of 2,978 broilers flocks. The sample is composed of lots of commercial strains Cobb and Hubbard, not sexed. Was made analysis of variance with Tukey Test (P> 0.05), and analysis of variance in mixed model for the following qualitatives variables: year period, commercial strains, hatchery, incubator type, type of poultry house, homogeneity of flock weight at birth. The correlation and regression polynomial for the following quantitative variables: birth weight, weight to 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42 days, weight slaughter, slaughter age, mortality, average daily gain and time interval between flocks on the field. Statistical analysis was made through the statistical program R. The sum of squares in the mixed model, the variables that presented the greatest impact on feed conversion were: period of the year with 39.90%, type of poultry house with 35.70% and lineage with 17.80%. Between quantitative variables that had a greater correlation with the feed conversion ratio is the average daily gain,-0.57 (P < 0.01). Each gram in average daily gain results in nine grams in feed conversion. Flocks that showed lower mortality rate, showed greater correlation between average daily gain and feed conversion. Thus, in the present study, the variables that presented the greatest impact on feed conversion were: average daily gain and period of the year.
Óleo-resina de copaíba e extrato de barbatimão na dieta de poedeiras comerciais infectadas por Escherichia coli
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2015-04-17) Barbosa, Aleane Francisca Cordeiro; Café, Marcos Barcellos; http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4721288T1; Andradae, Maria Auxiliadora; http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4780227J3; Leandro, Nadja Susana Mogyca; http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4785461T6; Leandro, Nadja Susana Mogyca; Rodrigues, kênia Ferreira; Stringhini, José Henrique
The present study was performed to evaluate the supplementation of copaiba oleo resin or barbatimão extract in the diet of laying hens challenged with Escherichia coli. A total of 200 Isa Brown laying hens (64-76 weeks old) were used, and all the birds were intravaginally inoculated with 0.5 mL of 0.85% sterile saline solution containing 8.8 x 109 CFU / mL of Escherichia coli. It was adopted the randomized complete block design (birds weight used as block criteria), with four treatments and five replicates of 10 birds. The treatments consisted of: basal diet without additives (control); basal diet + 30 mg / kg of antibiotic (halquinol); basal diet + 30 mg / kg of copaiba oleo resin and basal diet + 40 mg / kg barbatimão extract. The experiment lasted three periods of 28 days. At the end of each period, the performance and the external and internal egg quality were evaluated as the search for the presence of Escherichia coli in eggs; and at the end of the total period, the search for Escherichia coli in ovarian follicles and oviduct. Data were subjected to analysis of variance and means, when necessary, were compared by Tukey test (5%). For the Escherichia coli searching in eggs, follicles and oviduct, it was applied descriptive analysis (absolute and relative frequency). The inclusion of 40 mg / kg diet of barbatimão extract lead to worse feed conversion than the control treatment and decreased egg production compared to antibiotic treatment. The addition of 30 mg / kg diet of copaiba oleo resin did not influence the hens performance. The use of barbatimão extract lead to production of heavier eggs, and worse shell thickness and internal quality (UH) when compared to antibiotic treatment. Egg weight, the albumen percentage and the yolk index in the treatment with copaiba oleo resin were better than those of antibiotic treatment. However, the inclusion of copaiba oleo resin resulted in a lower yolk percentage when compared to antibiotic treatment. There was a lower frequency of isolation of Escherichia coli in intra-vaginal swabs samples from treatment with copaiba. The inclusion of barbatimão or copaiba provided lower frequency of isolation of E. coli in ovarian follicles in relation to antibiotic treatment. There was a lower frequency of isolation of E. coli in the oviduct with the addition of barbatimão extract when compared to antibiotic treatment. The treatment with copaiba oleo resin showed higher frequency of isolation of E. coli in the oviduct than the other treatments. The use of copaiba oleo resin or barbatimão extract resulted in lower frequency of isolation of Escherichia coli in the shell, albumen and yolk samples, in relation to antibiotic treatment. The inclusion of copaiba oleo resin may be an alternative to antibiotics in laying hens commercial diets.
Relações de aminoácidos sulfurados: lisina digestíveis e diferentes fontes de betaína nas dietas pré-inicial e inicial de frangos
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2015-05-07) Rezende, Pedro Moraes; Andrade, Maria Auxiliadora; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9441751521255467; Café, Marcos Barcellos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9860968235125158; Stringhini, Jose Henrique; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8505634095383289; Stringhini, José Henrique; Laboissiere, Michele; Carvalho, Fabyola Barros de
Researches with the use of betaine in broiler diets have shown its role inintestinal osmoregulator under stress, increasing cell water retention and its role as a methyl group donor in metabolic processes.The use of additives as betaine is a good economical alternative to feed chickens. The objective of this study was to evaluate growing relations of sulfur amino acids: lysine in combination with two sources of betaine in broiler diet in pre-starter and starter phases.The experiment was conducted at experimental poultry of School Veterinary and Animal Science of Federal University of Goiás in Goiânia, The experimental protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee on Animal Use / CEUA registered under protocol. 068/13. 504 chicks Cobb 500® males with a day old were housed, in galvanized steel batteries with five floors, troughs and linear feeders Division and incandescent lamps for heating.The experimental designused was randomized block in a 3x4 factorial design, corresponding to diets containing betaine (synthetic and natural) compared to the control with out use of the compound, and different relations of methionine+cystine: digestible lysine (57%, 65%, 73% and 81%), with 12 treatments, 6 replicates of 7 birds.The experimental diets of corn and soybean meal, free from growth promoters and anticoccidial, were formulated with the exception of methionine and cystine levels in the appropriate treatments, and the DLmethionine added to replace the starch. Performance was measured with the weighing of birds and diets on the accommodation and 7, 14 and 21 days of age, determining the average final weight, weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion, For the blood biochemical profile, blood was collected for determination of serum Na+, K+, Cl-, albumin, globulin, albumin:globulin, protein, cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL, VLDL, LDL and uric acid. Formetabolizability of nutrients was used the total excreta collection 4-7 days and 17-21 days of age, determining the coefficients of raw dry, nitrogen and nitrogen retained and nitrogen balance. Necropsies were done on chicks with 7 and 21 days of age, during which time samples were collected from the small intestine (duodenum, jejunum and ileum) for mounting histological slides and weighing the organs of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). For histomorphometry, was checked villus height, crypt depth and villous:crypt duodenum, jejunum and ileum. Data were subjected to analysis of variance (P <0,10) and applied to polynomial regression analysis for methionine+ cystine: lysine. Al though there was no expressive difference in the use of betaine sources, you can check the sparing effect of methionine, as the birds fed the lower methionine+ cystine: lysine showed higher weights when supplemented with betaine, in particular the source of natural betaine. There was a positive interaction of betaine on the Met+Cys relations: Lys digestible for blood biochemistry profile, villus height and metabolization of nutrients.
Degradabilidade in situ de silagem de cultivares de milheto com inclusão de casca de soja
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2015-07-01) Lima, Mayra Lôbo de Vellasco; Eichler, Verner; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8631385299972581; França, Aldi Fernandes de Souza; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0724478254270327; França, Aldi Fernandes de Souza; Magalhães, Roberto Toledo de; Basto, Débora Carvalho
Avaliou-se a degradabilidade in situ da silagem de milheto (Penisetun glaucum (L.) R. Br.) cultivares ADR500, BRS1501 e ADR8010 com a inclusão de diferentes níveis de casca de soja (0%, 3%,6% e 10%). Foram utilizadas três vacas mestiças Holandês x Zebu, fistuladas no rúmen, com peso corporal aproximado de 450kg. O delineamento experimental adotado foi o de parcelas subdivididas em arranjo fatorial 3 x 4, com três repetições, totalizando 36unidades experimentais. Os tempos de incubação foram em ordem decrescente de 144, 72, 48, 24, 12, 0h. O tempo zero foi utilizado para o cálculo da solubilidade das forrageiras. Os resultados obtidos foram submetidos a análise de variância e a comparação de médias realizada pelo teste de Tukey à 5% de probabilidade e à regressão polinomial para avaliação dos efeitos dos níveis de casca de soja. Por meio da técnica in situ, é possível estimar parâmetros relacionados à cinética da degradação de um alimento e de suas frações, em função de períodos de incubação no rúmen. Para efeito isolado de cultivar, não foi observado (P>0,05) para os parâmetros de degrabilidade ruminal da (MS). Não foi observado efeito de interação (P>0,05) para entre as cultivares e os níveis de inclusão de casca de soja para a matéria seca (MS) nas frações “a” e “b”, taxa de degradação (TD), degradabilidade efetiva (DE) nas taxas de passagens 2, 5 e 8%, fração indegradável (FI) e degradabilidade potencial (DP). Houve efeito significativo (P<0,05) entre os níveis de inclusão de casca de soja para a fração “b” (fração potencialmente degradável), TD, DE nas taxas de passagens 2 e 5%, FI e DP (%), foram realizadas equações de regressão, para análise dos efeitos isolados de níveis. Para a matéria orgânica (MO), não foram observadas nenhuma interação (P<0,05) para os parâmetros de degradabilidade in situ analisados. Entre as cultivares, foram observadas diferenças significativas (P<0,05) para a fração “b”, onde a cultivar BRS1501 apresentou maior valor quando comparada as demais cultivares. Para efeito de níveis, foram observadas diferenças significativas (P<0,05) para a fração “b”, TD, DE na taxa de passagem a 8%, FI e DP(%). Para a análise da degradabilidade in situ da proteína bruta (PB), foram observadas interações entre as cultivares e os níveis de inclusão de casca de soja para a fração “b”, onde a 3, 6 e 10% de inclusão de casca de soja a cultivar ADR500 apresentou menor degradabilidade para a degradabilidade efetiva a 2%. Diferenças significativas (P<0,05) foram observadas nos quatro níveis de inclusão de casca de soja para a DE onde a cultivar ADR500 apresentou menores valores enquanto a ADR8010, apresentou valores de degradabilidade efetiva a 5%; as três cultivares de milheto apresentaram maior degradabilidade no nível de inclusão a 6% de casca de soja. Para a degradabilidade potencial (DP), a cultivar ADR8010 apresentou maior no nível de inclusão a 6%, observa-se também que quando a inclusão de casca de soja é aumentada para o nível de inclusão a 10%, a DP é reduzida nas três cultivares.
Efeito antioxidante do subproduto da goiaba na dieta de frangos sobre o desempenho e a qualidade de carne
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2015-07-09) Oliveira, Maryelle Durães de; Mascarenhas, Alessandra Gimenez; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9082632592936909; Mello, Heloisa Helena de Carvalho; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5510965166352073; Mello , Heloisa Helena de Carvalho; Rocha, Fernanda Rodrigues Taveira; Leandro , Nadja Susana Mogyca
An experiment was conducted with the objective of evaluating the antioxidant potential by product Guava as nutritional additive in broiler rations aimed at improving intestinal integrity, metabolism of nutrients, the growth performance of animals and the meat quality . 288 female chicks were housed, Cobb500 lineage, with one day old galvanized wire batteries. The experimental design was completely randomized, consisting of four treatments (0%, 0.5%, 1.0% and 1.5% of guava byproduct.) And six replicates of 12 birds / cage each. The diets were isonutritives. The feeding program comprised two phases: pre-starter feed (1 to 7 days old), starter (8 to 21 days of age). The byproduct of guava was added to the basal diet replacing starches. The final weight was measured, the weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion at 21 days of age. The metabolizability of the dry matter and nitrogen was assessed in metabolic assays conducted from 17 to 21 days of age. At 21 days of age were sacrificed for the collection chest, thigh and drumstick to the analysis of colorimetry, pH and reactive substance to thiobarbituric acid (TBARS) and fragments duodenum, jejunum and ileum were collected for preparation of histological slides, and later , measurements of villus height and crypt depth of the intestinal mucosa. The data were submitted to ANOVA and mean test, was adopted α = 0.05%. Guava byproduct did not improve the performance of the birds, and did not harm any of the variables studied. The pH of the colorimetrically and breast and thigh were not influenced by the use of guava byproduct. There was less TBARS value, indicating lipid oxidation of lower thigh meat, the inclusion of 1.5% of byproduct of Guava that was statistically similar to include 0.5 to 1.0%, which shows the characteristic antioxidant guava. There was no influence of guava byproduct levels used to average values of TBARS in the breast meat samples. There was no significant difference (p> 0.05) between treatments for the villi height variables, crypt depth and villus / crypt of the duodenum and jejunum. It is observed significant result for depth variables crypt and villus: crypt. For metabolizing analysis of nutrients in all studied variables obtained significant differences (p> 0.05).
Efeito do resveratrol na qualidade e desenvolvimento de embriões bovinos criopreservados ou conservados em meio holding
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2015-08-04) Silva, Ariany Rafaella Neto; Santos, Klayto José Gonçalves dos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3121469559821246; Viu, Marco Antonio de oliveira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7829414158162743; Viu, Marco Antônio de Oliveira; Meirinhos, Maria Lúcia Gambarini; Lopes, Dyomar Toledo
This study was developed with the objective of evaluating the response of bovine embryos produced in vitro (PIV) the addition of resveratrol (Resv) to recultivo to embryos vitrified (Experiment 1-E1) and medium Holding for fresh embryos (Experiment 2-E2) to check the maintenance or improvement in the quality of these embryos. In E1 PIV vitrified bovine embryos were heated and recultivados in the medium containing 0.5 μM of resveratrol, evaluating the re-expansion rates, hatching and cell quality by analysis of TUNEL. In E1, the hatching rate of recultivo more than 24 hours after (P < 0.05) in the Resv Group (37,7 vs. 19,1%). The rate of embryos according to the stage of development did not show difference between treatments. Even in E1, for fresh embryos PIV the total number of cells (NTC) was superior to that found in the vitrified embryos (131,6 vs 88,8 and 82,7%) , as well as the NCA (number of apoptotic cells) was lower (6,3 ± 0,8) compared with control groups and resveratrol (15,8 ± 1.2 and 13,5 ± 1,0), which did not differ among themselves in these variables. No difference was observed in embryos degenerates and reactive oxygen species (ROS) and Glutathione (GSH). In E2 bovine embryos were fresh bottled PIV in 0,25 ml straws with a holding in the presence (TR6 and TR10) or absence (TH6 and TH10) of resveratrol and kept on warming plate to 36° C in different times, six and 10 hours, followed by the unloading spouts and recultivo until 24 hours. Hatching rates at 24 hours of embryos treated with antioxidant tended to be greater than in the control. Bx TR10 rates was higher (51,2%) the TR6 (30,8%) (P < 0.05), the other stages of development were similar, the NTC was lower in TH10. The index of EROS was superior in TH10 (23,4126 ± 1,5661). The values of the GSH TR6 (95,2208) were larger than TH6 (30,7594) (P < 0.05), the TR10 issuing GSH (49,5330 ± 6,5332) did not differ from TH10 group (47,2044) (P > 0,05).
Uso do extrato seco de barbatimão (Stryphnodendron adstringens) e óleo bruto de sucupira (Pterodon emarginatus) e monensina na dieta de vacas leiteiras
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2015-10-08) Jesus, Flávia Duarte de; Ferreira, Reginaldo Nassar; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2555785079833283; Arnhold, Emmanuel; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7156945506134934; Arnhold, Emmanuel; Malaquias Júnior, João Darós; Zacaroni, Ozana de Fátima
Various synthetic additives are used in feed for ruminants with a view to improving production efficiency. However, the consumer society is increasingly criticizing the use of these products. The ever-increasing demand for healthy and safe food is causing great pressure in various sectors of agriculture. Thus, in order to develop sustainable technologies, have been used two plants of the Cerrado, the Barbatimão and Sucupira, that have proven antimicrobial activity. The objective was to evaluate the effects of natural additives Barbatimão and Sucupira on consumption and total apparent digestibility of dry matter and nutrients, ruminal fermentation, milk yield and composition and productive efficiency. The used treatments were: Control (M): Inclusion of 22,5mg / kg DM of Monensin Sodium; Barbatimão (B1000): inclusion of 1000mg / kg MS of active Ingredient of dry extract of barbatimão ; Barbatimão (B500): inclusion of 500mg / kg MS of active Ingredient of dry extract of barbatimão; Sucupira (S250): inclusion of 250 mg / kg DM of crude oil of Sucupira; Sucupira (S500): inclusion of 500mg / kg DM of crude oil of Sucupira. Where utilized five crossbred lactating cows. The design utilized was a 5x5 Latin square design with periods of 21 days, 14 for adaptation of animals and seven for data collection. For the variables consumption of crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), non-fibrous carbohydrates (NFC), and total carbohydrate (TC), there was no statistically significant difference (p> 0.05) between neither treatment. The averages of dry matter intake for the B1000, S500 and S250 treatments did not differ (p <0.05) to the treatment M. For the variable percentage of dry matter intake relative to body weight all natural additives statistically similar means (p <0.05) M, except B500 treatment, which averaged more than M (p <0.05). The results of the fiber intake of neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and percentage of NDF intake in relation to body weight showed that only treatment S500 was able to affect these variables similarly to monensin (p <0.05). There was no statistically significant difference (p> 0.05) between treatments evaluated for the average pH and ammonia nitrogen concentration of rumen fluid. No statistically significant difference (p> 0.05) between the averages of DM, OM, CP, EE, TC and NDF in neither of the treatments. The digestibility of NFC was no statistical difference (p <005) only between treatment M and B500, in which the digestibility for B500 was smaller than M (78.62 vs 71.16). For the averages of milk production, corrected milk production and milk composition were no statistically significant differences (p> 0.05). There was also no statistically significant difference (P> 0.05) between the averages of treatments when evaluating production efficiency.
Características bromatológicas e perfil fermentativo da silagem de milheto forrageiro (pennisetun glaucum) aditivado com casca de soja
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2015-10-13) Silva, Renan Sousa da; Rosa, Beneval; http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4783900J0; Miyagi, Eliane Sayuri; http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4761394J4; Miyagi, Eliane Sayuri; Eichler, Verner; França, Aldi Fernandes de Souza
The ensiling process is a much used alternative in animal husbandry systems, consisting in the preservation of moist forage, fresh-cut or pre-dried, with high nutritional value, to be administered in times of food shortages. Brazil is characterized by a strong seasonality and basically has two distinct seasons in some regions of the country, one high and one low rainfall. The tropical grasses used in Brazilian pastures lose their quality and produce less in times of drought and low temperatures. All these factors justify the use of silage technique. The objective of this study is to evaluate four different levels of inclusion of soybean hulls in millet forage silage in order to determine the nutritional increments that it provided, in addition to analyzing the fermentation process associated losses of the silage process. The bromotalógica composition was positively affected by the inclusion of soybean hulls, with .lineares increases in DM and CP levels. The NDF also an increase in the levels. The inclusion of soybean hulls in silage millet reduced losses by gases and effluents, keeping stable the recovery of dry matter. The ammonia levels were reduced with the addition of the additive. Soy hulls did not affect the lactic acid content, acetic and butyric within acceptable Nives no statistical difference. The work also revealed a slight decrease in propionic acid. The titratable acidity and pH levels of silage did not differ. Palavras Chaves:
Valor nutricional e características fermentativas da silagem de capim-mombaça com adição de farelo de girassol
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2015-10-15) Costa, Eduardo Rodolfo da; Costa, Adriana Rodolfo da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8142254771826531; França, Aldi Fernandes de Souza; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0724478254270327; França, Aldi Fernandes de Souza; Souza, Flávio Faria de; Bastos , Débora de Carvalho
The nutritional value and fermentative characteristics of the silage grass mombaça with sunflower meal inclusion were evaluated. The treatments consisted of four levels of inclusion: 0%, 10%, 15% and 20%. The levels of dry matter determined in silage grass mombaça, differed depending on the sunflower meal inclusion levels, ranging from 24.69 % to 28.50%. The CP content ranged from 11.63 % to 21.651 % and significant differences were observed between the inclusion levels (P<0.05). The highest level of sunflower meal inclusion - 20% - resulted in smaller losses by effluent. The pH values found varied between 4.89 and 5.57. The average levels of ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) remained between 1.33 and 6.42. The average levels of residual soluble carbohydrates ranged between 4.63 and 8.38, with significant similarity only between the levels of 15% and 20 % of sunflower meal (P> 0.05). The contents of lactic acid, acetic, propionic and butyric ranged from the 1,245 to 3,898; the 2.428 to 8.670; the 0.248 to 0.135 and the 0.016 to 0.027 respectively, and differed significantly (P<0.05) between the sunflower meal levels. The degradability of the dry matter of silage varied as a function of sunflower meal inclusion levels , having the potential degradability (PD) between 71.46 % and 81.96 %, being to 27.86 % to 32.83 % variation to the fraction "a" and between 39.01 % and 52.07 % for the "b" fraction . Regarding the CP, PD ranged from 83.09 % to 92.57 %, and the contents of the fraction "a", fractions "b" and part "c", were significantly influenced by the addition levels sunflower meal (P < 0.05) showing variation of 24.79 % to 61.50 %, 28.68 % to 59.73 %, and 0.0194 % to 0.0411 %, respectively.
Taxa de alimentação para juvenis de pirapitinga criados em hapas
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2015-10-19) Zarpellon, Idayana; Paula, Fernanda Gomes de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9353071033895125; Arnhold , Emmanuel; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7156945506134934; Paula, Fernanda Gomes de; Oliveira, Raquel Priscila de Castro; Santin, Ana Paula Iglésias
This study was conducted in order to evaluate the effect of different feeding rates on growth performance, economic evaluation, morphometric characteristics and blood biochemistry of pirapitinga (Piaractusbrachypomus) in ponds during rearing. The experiment was conducted in the Fish Farming Sector of the Department of Animal Science School of Veterinary and Animal Science at UFG in the period from February to April, for 60 days. It was used 100 juveniles pirapitinga with an average weight of 328.81 ± 25.55 grams, randomly assigned in 20 hapas of 1 m³ installed in excavated tank of 200 m² in density of 05 juveniles / m³. The experimental design was randomized blocks, with five treatments, T1 0.7% of biomass; T2 1.4% of biomass; T3 2.1% of biomass; T4-2,8% of biomass; T5- 3.5% of biomass; with four replications, totaling 20 experimental units. Fish were fed with commercial feed containing 32% CP and grain size of 2-4 mm, twice a day, at 9 am and at 5 pm. The supply of feed was based on the percentage of biomass, so it was done a biometrics fortnightly from start to end of the experiment. The variables of productive performance were analyzed; economic evaluation; chemical composition of the carcass; blood chemistry ehistomorfometria gut: villi height. Data were subjected to analysis of polynomial regression and variance, and, in case of statistical differences, the average comparison test SNK (5%). The final individual weight and weight gain, showed a quadratic relation, in function of the increasing feed levels and their maximum points were checked feed rates de2,77% and 2.78% biomass per day, respectively. It was concluded that the feeding rate of 2.1% biomass per day resulted in a better performance and economic result and shorter ether extract to pirapitinga created during rearing in excavated tank.
Valor nutricional e características fermentativas da silagem de capim-mombaca com a adição de farelo de soja
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2015-10-20) Santos, Diogo Silva; França, Aldi Fernandes de Souza; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0724478254270327; França, Aldi Fernandes de Souza; Costa, Adriana Rodolfo da; Basto , Débora de Carvalho
We evaluated the effects of adding soybean meal (SM) as an additive sequestrant of moisture and nutrient source in mombasa grass silage, compared to standard fermentation and in situ degradability of silage with different levels of inclusion of soybean meal. The experiment was conducted at Fazenda AJR, in the municipality of Goiás, Goiás.The treatments used were composed of four levels of inclusion of SM 0%, 10%, 15% and 20%.The experimental design was completely randomized, with four treatments and four replicates.The mombasa grass featured 24.8% DM cutting time and was silage in silos, PVC minis closed during 65 days.After the opening of the minis silos were performed to determine the losses weighing through the quantification of effluent production and losses by gas.Samples were collected for further analysis of ammoniacal nitrogen, pH and soluble carbohydrates, as well as the chemical composition-mycotoxin (s), degradability in situ.The addition of the additive has increased the level of DM and was efficient in the control of effluents and gaseous losses.The additive allowed great recovery rates of DM.The addition of SM favored the increase of lactic, acetic acid and butyric acid and propionic concentrations, reflecting the improvement of the fermentation of silage profile.The addition of the SM has provided greater total carbohydrates content in all levels of inclusion.Silages containing SM had highercrude protein (CP) content, as well as lower fiber content in a neutral detergent (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF).The degradability of the DM, NDF and CP improved linearly according to the addition of SM, reaching degradabilities potential and specific degradabilities best, with the inclusion of 20% of SM.The addition of soybean meal provided silage well preserved, with minimal loss of DM and still contributed significantly to the improvement of the nutritional value of silage.
Níveis de sombreamento artificial sobre as respostas fisiológicas, comportamentais, desempenho animal e características de carcaça e carne de nelore em confinamento
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2015-12-07) Ferro, Diogo Alves da Costa; Miyagi, Eliane Sayuri; Bueno, Claudia Peixoto; Arnhold, Emmanuel; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7156945506134934; Arnhold, Emmanuel; Santos, Aracele Pinheiro Pales dos; Coelho, Karyne Oliveira; França, Aldi Fernandes de Souza; Hellmeister Filho, Paulo
This study aimed to evaluate the influence of different levels of artificial shading on the physiological, behavioral, animal performance and carcass characteristics of males and meat Nellore cattle in an intensive production system. The experiment was carried out from July to October 2014, in the experimental feedlot in the Animal Science Department at the State University of Goiás. Twenty-four double 24 m² stalls were used: six in the open air, six covered with black shading net with 30% light interception, six with shading net 50%, and six with shading net 80%, covering 6 m² in shade per stall, totaling 48 male Nellore cattle with an average initial weight of 310 kg. Temperature-humidity index and respiratory frequency were evaluated twice weekly, and behavior was evaluated fortnightly, starting at 06h00 and ending at 18h00, in a total of 12 h of evaluation. Feeding, rumination, rest, other activities, social, body care, playful, and abnormal behaviors were observed. The feed supplied to the animals and the orts left in the trough were weighed daily to determine their intake. Animals were weighed at the onset of the experiment and another three times until its end, followed by slaughter and assessments of characteristics and carcass and meat quality. The lowest values for temperature-humidity index and respiratory frequency were found in the stalls and animals under shading net with 80 and 50% light interception. There was no significant difference between the feeding and rumination times and frequencies of urination, defecation, self-cleaning act, and social and abnormal behaviors between the animals kept without and with access to artificial shading. Rest, other activities, and playful behaviors did not differ between the animals kept in the stalls with 30, 50, and 80% of light interception. No significant difference was observed between feed intake, initial weight, final weight, total weight gain, average daily weight gain, carcass dressing, marbling, texture, fat cover degree, subcutaneous fat thickness, loin-eye area, meat color, length and circumference thigh and leg, or carcass length of the animals in the different treatments. The use of artificial shading had no significant effect on most behavioral variables, performance, and meat quality of feedlot Nellore cattle, as the ambient temperature remained within the thermal comfort zone.
Implante auricular de progesterona em características de carcaça, carne e comportamento de fêmeas nelore confinadas
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2015-12-08) Ferro, Rafael Alves da Costa; Arnhold, Emmanuel; Bueno, Cláudia Peixoto; França, Aldi Fernandes de Souza; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0724478254270327; França, Aldi Fernandes de Souza; Miyagi, Eliane Sayuri; Gonçalves, Klayto José; Taveira, Rodrigo Zaiden; Basto, Débora de Carvalho
A large number of heifers and cows are used in Brazil for the production of meat, mainly due to the disposal of these animals on farms at the time of the herd replacement. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of a synthetic-progesterone ear implant in weight, meat quality, physiological responses, and behavior of Nellore heifers raised in an intensive system. Twenty-eight Nellore heifers with an average initial weight of 240.89 kg were used in the experiment. All animals received the same feeding management, in an intensive raising system, with mineral salt and water available ad libitum. Heifers were distributed in a randomized complete design with two treatments (with and without a progesterone ear implant) and seven replicates, in 14 stalls. The parameters relative to carcass and meat quantitative and qualitative characteristics, represented by carcass weight and carcass dressing, conformation, marbling, color, meat texture, carcass measurements, longissimus dorsi area, and fat thickness were not affected by the progesterone hormone, provided by the ear implant. In the evaluation of the feeding, rumination, rest, sleeping, social, and body-care behaviors, no significant differences were observed. For the abnormal behavior, however, in which sodomy predominated, a significant difference was observed between the groups with and without the implant (p<0,05), whose frequencies were 1.3 and 2.3, respectively. For the physiological indicators rectal temperature, surface temperature, and respiratory frequency, only the frequency showed a significant difference between the treatments, with mean values of 35 and 32 movements per minute, respectively, for the heifers with and without the implant. Based on the responses obtained in this experiment, the progesterone ear implant does not influence the performance, meat quality, physiological responses, or the normal behavior of animals.
Inclusão de milho desintegrado com palha e sabugo em silagem de milheto forrageiro
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2016-02-19) Silva, Vanderli Luciano da; Costa, . Rommel Bernardes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8037012195949903; França, Aldi Fernandes de Souza; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0724478254270327; França, Aldi Fernandes de Souza; Silva, Marciana Cristina da; Basto, Débora Carvalho
This study aimed to evaluate the chemical composition and fermentation characteristics of silage millet farming ADR500 under the inclusion of different levels of corn disintegrated with straw and cob (CEC): 0%, 5%, 10% and 15%, after 78 days of vegetative growth and observe his capacity as moisture scavenger in silage. The experimental design was completely randomized with 4 treatments and 4 replications, totaling 16 experimental units. Data were submitted to analysis of variance, means were compared by 5% Tukey test and regression analysis for the inclusion levels. dry matter content (DM) determined in silage differ (P <0.05) as a function of the MDPS inclusion levels, ranging from 26.53% to 38.69% control treatment and for treatment with higher level inclusion. For values of organic matter found a significant difference only from the IV treatment with 15% inclusion of CEC (P <0.05) compared to other treatments. Regarding crude protein (CP) observed a linear increase (P <0.05) due to the increase of CEC levels, ranging between 9.46% and 14.92%. NDF and the FDA determined in silages ranged from 58.50% to 66.25% and 31.25% for FDA to 38.50 for the FDA so there significant differences between treatments. For certain ether extract in silages millet forage with inclusion of MDPS ranged from 3.13 to 3.95%. The content of mineral matter (MM) showed a significant difference (P <0.05) according to the MDPS inclusion levels, ranging from 5.26 to 7.55%. The inclusion of MDPS reduced (P <0.05) losses gases and effluents in all the treatments, ranging from 6.10 to 3.48 for gas losses and 9.05 to 17.28 for losses effluent and contributed significantly in the dry matter recovery process (MS). The buffer power values (PT), pH and ammonia-N were influenced (P <0.05) by the inclusion of different levels of ground ear corn silage. The levels of acetic, propionic, butyric and lactic, so influenced by the addition of ground ear corn silage. The soluble carbohydrate values have an increasing depending on the MDPS inclusion levels, proving to be efficient in their use to improve the fermentation profile of silages.
Alternativas para melhorar o desenvolvimento e a criotolerância de embriões bovinos produzidos in vitro
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2016-02-23) Marques, Thaisa Campos; Oliveira Filho, Benedito Dias de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6171669841505540; Martins, Carlos Frederico; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1432343540761591; Gambarini, Maria Lúcia; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4440003524956701; Gambarini, Maria Lúcia; Leão, Karen Martins; Biancardi, Manoel Francisco; Costa, Marcos Fernando Oliveira e; Porto, Regiani Nascimento Gagno
Melatonin treatment and blastocoel collapse had been suggested to be potent options to enhance embryo development and viability after cryopreservation of bovine embryos. The present study tested these alternatives with the aim to improve cryotolerance of bovine embryos produced in vitro. First, the effects of melatonin (MEL) were evaluated at three concentrations in Maturation Media (IVM) and/or Culture Media (IVC) (0, 10-7, 10-9, 10-11 M). The results showed that MEL10-9 in IVM could improve slightly the cleavage rate. However, when applied during IVC, MEL10-9 resulted in improved blastocysts rates and reduced numbers of apoptotic cells (NAC), a higher expression of antioxidative genes without changing the expression metabolism-related, placentation and anti-apoptotic genes. After, the MEL treatment giving the best result in first experiment (MEL 10-9 M in IVC) was combined with blastocoel collapse (BC) immediatly before vitrification. The survival and embryo quality were investigated. This experiment confirmed that independent of BC, MEL supplementation in IVC enhanced re-expansion and hatching rates of vitrified embryos. However, embryos cultured without MEL required more time during re-culture for all expansion. Embryos produced with MEL had similar NAC irrespective of vitrification and BC. BC did not affect embryo quality, in terms of the expression of genes involved in metabolism, oxidative stress, cell repair, placentation and implantation. Therefore, this research concluded that: (i) at 10-9 M concentration, MEL used during IVC improved embryo quality and development, and it minimized the oxidative stress and apoptosis in cells; (ii) embryos cultured with melatonin, vitrified and re-cultured can be transfered in less time; (iii) the blastocoel collapse benefited hatching when embryos were cultured with MEL in IVC; (iv) embryos cultured in IVC with MEL showed better quality and viability, and independently of BC. This information has a potential value for researchs on embryo cryotolerance.
Parâmetros fisiológicos e tricológicos na avaliação do conforto térmico em bovinos de corte
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2016-02-29) Mastelaro, Ariadne Pegoraro; Alves, Fabiana Villa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1153061642306224; Hellmeister Filho, Paulo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4391389845941028; Miyagi, Eliane Sayuri; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5838290185532582; Miyagi, Eliane Sayuri; Menezes, Gilberto Romeiro de Oliveira; Bocchi, Adriana Luize
This study aimed to evaluate the physiological responses and morphological characteristics of cattle belonging to four different genetic groups with different degrees of heat adaptability, raised in pastures in the Center - West of Brazil. The experiment was conducted in two experimental periods (March and August 2015), at São Carlos Farm, Três Lagoas (MS). 54 calves recently weaned from four genetic groups were used, 14 Nellore, 14 Senepol, 12 ½ Angus x ½ Nelore and 14 ¼ Brahman ¼Nelore x 2/4 Senepol, with age, in the beginning of the experiment, five seven months. The average weight of the animals was 197.0 kg (Nelore), 169 kg (Senepol), 235 kg (½ Angus x ½ Nellore) and 233 kg (¼ Brahman x ¼ Nellore x 2/4 Senepol). The experimental design was completely randomized, with four treatments (breeds), where repetitions are the animals within each genetic group. They measured the temperature (rectal, superficial skin and superficial hair coat), heart rate, respiratory rate and surface skin temperature, surface temperature of fur and sweat rate. Moreover, it was determined some morphologic characteristics of the dorsal region. To characterize the environment, there were collected dry bulb temperature, black globe temperature, dew point temperature, wind speed and relative humidity, the sun and the shade, to determine the following thermal comfort indexes: index temperature and humidity, globe temperature and humidity index, and radiation heat load. Among the adaptive features, only those relating to the present differences between the experimental groups (p <0.05), and the genetic group ½ Angus x ½ Nellore showed the highest values of length, diameter, number of hair, density medium and thickness of the hair coat cover in both evaluation periods (March and August). For physiological variables, there was no statistical difference between the experimental groups (p> 0.05), a fact that was also found in the evaluated periods (p <0.05). It follows, therefore, that the choice of breeds with characteristics consistent with the breeding environment is an important factor in the production system efficiency
Aditivos fitogênicos e ionóforos na degradabilidade da fibra e parâmetro metabólicos em bovinos
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2016-03-01) Almeida, Jean Sardinha de; Ferreira, Reginaldo Nassar; http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4787019Y5; Padua, João Teodoro; http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4721189P8; Pádua, João Teodoro; Taveira, Rodrigo Zaiden; Miyagi, Eliane Sayuri
The objective this paper was evaluate the inlcusion of crude extract of Croton urucurana Baillon or composed of essential oil of cashew and castorbean oil or monensin on the degradability of dry matter and fiber in vitro and dry matter in situ and fermentation ruminal metabolic parameters in beef cattle. The experiment was conducted in the Institute of Biological Sciences (ICB) and the School of Veterinary and Animal Science of the Federal University of Goiás – GO, from August 2015 until January 2016. There were four treatments through in vitro technique: control, monensin, Croton urucurana Baillon, biophytus (functional oil composed of cashew and castorbean), with five repetitions. Were evaluated the parameters of degradability of dry matter. Metabolic analysis and in situ was through four animals distributed in a Latin square, were measured glucose, urea, urea nitrogen in the blood, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, gamma glutamyl transpeptidase, albumin, total bilirubin and factions, creatinine, Total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, VLDL, triglyceride and lactate dehydrogenase. Ruminal parameters were determined by protozoa count, ammonia nitrogen, pH, short chain fatty acids, bacterial reductive activity. The experimental design was completely at random. The data were submitted to analysis of variance and compared by Tukey test at 5% probability. The treatments did not increase the IVDMD (P> 0.05). There was no significant effect (P> 0.05) of the treatments on in vitro degradation parameters of DM and NDF in all evaluated times. For MS degradability in situ parameters, there was a significant effect (P <0.05) between treatments for soluble and effective degradation fraction with 2% by pass rate. The DM intake, had significant difference (P <0.05) between treatments, with lower consumption for monensin with admission was independent of diet type, either directly via the rumen cannula, it can be show that the lower consumption of diet with monensin supplementation is not by means of sensory but physiological and metabolic mechanisms. There was no significant effect (P> 0.05) for pH between treatments, but the collections after feeding was significant (P <0.05) monensin treatment, occurring up before feeding up two hours. Acetic acid levels were significant (P <0.05) for the hours of collection. The levels of butyric acid was affected by treatments (P <0.05) and not the hours of collection (P> 0.05). The concentrations of AST, GGT, LDH FA and was not affected by treatments (P> 0.05). The inclusion of essential oils, Croton urucurana Baillon and monensin in beef cattle diets hay base has not improved the evaluated parameters. The effective degradability of dry matter had better results with the inclusion of functional oils composed cashews and castorbeans. The intake was influenced by monensin and functional oil in addition the fuction of the two are similar, can be used one over the other.

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