EVZ - Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia

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    Morfometria e a ocorrência de hiperqueratose em tetos de vacas gir e mestiças ½ holandês e 1/2 gir
    (Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2019-09-09) Abreu, Morgana Pontes; Santos, Marcos Veiga; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8345833429933187; Cordeiro, Clarice Gebara Muraro Serrate; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5073363015303780; Zacaroni, Ozana de Fátima; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4582215859105753; Zacaroni, Ozana de Fátima; Cunha, Paulo Henrique Jorge da; Carmo, Adriana Santana do
    Mastitis is the most prevalent disease in dairy cattle, leading to substantial production losses and having a multifactorial etiology. Its occurrence in herds is associated with the health of the animal, environment, and management practices. Numerous risk factors have been described for the disease, one of which is hyperkeratosis. This condition is characterized by the accumulation of large amounts of keratin and the proliferation of corneal tissue, primarily due to mechanical forces exerted by milking equipment. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate teat morphometry, the occurrence of hyperkeratosis, somatic cell counts, and the correlation of these parameters with zootechnical data in 269 dairy cows (47 Gir and 222 1/2 Girolando) from the same farm. Following approval by the Animal Use Ethics Committee (CEUA) under protocol number 054/18, data were compiled on breed, number of lactations, days post-partum, peak milk production in the current lactation, somatic cell count, teat length, width, and hyperkeratosis. Hyperkeratosis was classified in scores, with scores one and two considered mild, and three and four severe. One anterior and one posterior teat of each cow, always contralateral, were evaluated. The data were tabulated in Excel 2010® and analyzed in R® using Analysis of Variance, Binary Logistic Regression, and odds ratio tests, with a significance level of 5%. No difference was found in teat length between Gir and Girolando cows; however, Gir cows had wider teats than Girolando cows. Girolando teats and cows showed a higher likelihood of developing severe hyperkeratosis compared to Gir cows. Anterior teats had a 68% higher chance of developing severe hyperkeratosis. Regarding length, the longer the teat, the greater the chance of severe hyperkeratosis, regardless of breed. Zootechnical data showed differences only for lactation period and number of lactations. Cows with two or more lactations were more likely to develop severe hyperkeratosis than primiparous cows, and the longer the postpartum period, the greater the occurrence of severe hyperkeratosis. In conclusion, on the same farm, 1/2 Girolando cows are more susceptible to severe hyperkeratosis than Gir cows.
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    Sistema de gestão da qualidade em laboratório oficial de análises de alimentos da Agência Goiana de Defesa Agropecuária: inovação e internacionalização para governança estadual
    (Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2024-04-30) Gonçalves, Pryscilla Vanesa Rodrigues; Melo, Cristiano Barros de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1686704472655874; Benício, Cristyene Gonçalves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0465149436149457; Rezende, Cíntia Silva Minafra e; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5841210447886226; Rezende, Cíntia Silva Minafra e; Martins, Danieli Brolo; Alves, Cláudia Bueno; Guimarães, Marcelo Sales; Fernandes, Daiana de Souza
    Agricultural Defense is responsible for ensuring the origin, conformity and safety of products of animal origin intended for human consumption. Food safety depends on compliance with ood manufacturing practices, inspection and correct application of technical norms and standards established in the country. Official laboratory analysis constitutes a relevant regulatory instrument, supporting inspection actions through product monitoring. The lack of management in testing laboratories generates uncertainty regarding the carrying out of activities and results in results with a lower degree of reliability and lack of traceability. To this end, its implementation transforms the analytical rite, assessing innovative management and internationalization of the laboratory ecosystem. In this sense, the objective of this study was to describe the process of implementing a Quality Management System in an official state laboratory for analyzing foods of animal origin, in accordance with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 17.025-2017. Initially, a situational diagnosis was carried out in the laboratory intended for this purpose, linked to the government of the state of Goiás named the Food Quality Control Laboratory (LABQUALI); In a second stage, the viability of the laboratory management system (QMS) in the current laboratory structure and the public administration's adherence to execution and restructuring were assessed. The third stage involved the implementation of the QMS and the fourth stage, the critical analysis of the consistency of previous actions for the effectiveness of the new laboratory management. All instruments for enabling the ISO 17.025-2017 standard were declared as necessary requirements and awareness was raised by the state Agricultural Defense Agency of Goias (AGRODEFESA) for the implementation and implementation of the standard. Documents, records were created and prepared, internal documents were issued. There was a broad flow of external documents, creation of manuals, writing of administrative, managerial and technical reports. For physical and financial execution, a schedule for acquisitions, human resources training, internal and external audits, proficiency tests, statistical process control and adaptation of all physical infrastructure and administrative, technical and scientific structure were prepared in relation to the requirements of the General Coordination of Accreditation (CGCRE) from the National Institute of Metrology, Quality and Technology (INMETRO). The results obtained attested that the QMS proposed to LABQUALI met the requirements determined by the reference standard and was in line with what was recommended regarding the precepts and intentions for governance of the state of Goiás. In addition to laboratory quality management, it was verified that the communication with the state structure through the insertion of computerization of the laboratory system into the agency's digital platform and innovative action, compared to the other states of the federation and the Federal District. Another important result refers to LABQUALI's adherence to the Goiás Public Compliance Program. It was concluded that the creation of a laboratory management system generated numerous benefits for AGRODEFESA and the state. The existence of responsibility, reliability and traceability actions for the accuracy of results in food analysis, contributing to the growth and qualification of the official inspection service in the state of Goiás, also corroborates risk monitoring. The QMS implementation model for LABQUALI could support other official laboratories seeking qualifications to master laboratory management for regional and national development
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    Óleos essenciais para controle de carrapatos: revisão das pesquisas com testes em condição de campo e avaliação de eficácia de combinações de carrapaticidas com (E)-cinamaldeído para controle de Rhipicephalus microplus
    (Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2022-10-27) Gonzaga, Bruno César Ferreira; Marchesini, Paula Barroso Cruz; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2159998919091266; Lopes, Welber Daniel Zanetti; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4480577038117234; Monteiro, Caio Márcio de Oliveira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2496419306394657; Monteiro, Caio Márcio de Oliveira; Fernandes, Éverton Kort Kamp; Perinotto, Wendell Marcelo de Souza; Ferreira , Lorena Lopes; Tavares, Caio Pavão
    The Rhipicephalus microplus tick was originally found infesting ruminants in South Asia and transported on zebu cattle to other locations in the world. This arthropod causes direct damage to the hosts, being the biggest cause of economic losses in livestock worldwide. In Brazil, with 224.6 million cattle, estimates point to losses of more than 3 billion dollars annually. The control of this parasite is carried out almost exclusively with synthetic acaricides. However, the constant and sometimes incorrect and indiscriminate use of these products can accelerate the selection of resistant ticks. Research to develop technologies to control ticks has been carried out, such as the use of vaccines, biological control agents and essential oils (EOs). Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) EO and its derivative (E)-cinnamaldehyde have acaricides activities. Some EOs and compounds present in EOs (CEOs) showed good acaricide results, including the association between them and synthetic products in vitro and in vivo studies, but these studies are scarce. The present study reviewed the literature with EOs and CEOs for field and semi-field tick control between the years 1991 and 2021 and investigated the effect of the combination of (E)- cinnamaldehyde and amitraz in the laboratory and in the field to control R .microplus. Twentyeight studies were selected in the review, of which 53.6% were carried out in Brazil, 71% with the application of EOs and CEOs in animals and 29% in the environment. In these studies, the spray application method was the most used (75%). The bovine species was the most studied (70%) and the tick R. microplus the most researched (46.4%). From this field and semi-field review, we realized the still limited number of articles evaluating the use of EOs and CEOs, and further studies under these conditions are needed to assess the real potential of these substances for tick control. In this sense, some aspects need to be prioritized: the characterization of the EOs, the standardization of the methodologies used in the efficacy evaluation tests, the use of EOs and COEs combined with synthetic acaricides (looking for synergistic interactions), the development of formulations and the evaluation of the application safety for animals, humans and environment. In vitro tests were carried out with 116 populations of ticks from all regions of Brazil, with 14 synthetic products, and those with 50-80% efficacy was chosen, having only one active ingredient. Subsequently, the products based on amitraz and chlorfenvinphos were tested in binary combinations with (E)-cinnamaldehyde in a tick strain, called CM strain, which showed better results for amitraz. The best association of (E)-cinnamaldehyde and amitraz was used in pharmacotechnical studies for the development and characterization of formulations, evaluating the in vitro and in vivo efficacy to control R. microplus infestations and clinical safety for cattle. The approach of combining this CEO and the synthetic product improved the effectiveness of the latter (reaching 86%) in engorged females (in vitro), but in the field study with application on animals, (E)-cinnamaldehyde caused intoxication in cattle. Future research, seeking to reduce the toxicity of formulations with (E)-cinnamaldehyde, deserves to be investigated.
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    Máquina de aprendizado extremo para predição de ganho médio diário à desmama em bovinos
    (Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2022-12-20) Lisboa, Giovanna Rodrigues; Bertazzo, Rodrigo Possa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7503210823802793; Mascioli, Arthur dos Santos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6557055478323026; Arnhold, Emmanuel; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7156945506134934; Arnhold, Emmanuel; Leite, Carla Daniela Suguimoto; Hellmeister Filho, Paulo
    Extreme Learning Machines, Extreme Machine Learning (EML/IGASE), unlike other Artificial Neural Network (ANN) training algorithms that adjust network parameters through the iterative presentation of training patterns, include intermediate neuron numbers and perform projection random in the hidden layer, in general of high dimensionality in the complex connections with the other variables of direct inputs, the weights are selected in a random way injected and bijected in the complex composite functions, without need of training. The over- sizing of the EML/IGASE becomes necessary for the smoothing of the response, guarantees the capacity of generalization and transfers of complex functions in the temporal series of phenotypic expressions of the animals. The objective of this work is to predict the average weight gain at weaning (GMPD) phenotype as a function of direct variables measured in animals within and between seasons (SF) and farms (FAZ), using EML/IGASE. 8,812 progeny records were used for 11 harvests, descendants of 272 bulls, from 09 farms located in different states of the federation, Mato Grosso (MT), Mato Grosso do Sul (MS), Paraná (PR) and São Paulo (SP). ). The phenotypes studied were weight at weaning (PD), average weight gain at weaning (GMPD), conformation at weaning (CPD), musc ulature at weaning (MPD) and early weaning (PPD). Extreme Machine Learning (EML/IGASE) was able to predict the mean weight gain at weaning (GMPD) phenotype, based on the other variables measured in the animals within and between seasons and farms studied, with low Mean Squared Error (MSE) in the robust interactions and transfers of complex functions from multi-input neural architectures and different levels of environmental attributables to the expressed phenotypes. In the univariate analyzes with the input variable weights at weaning (PD) transferring to the average weight gain at weaning (GMPD) the EML/IGASE performed complex numeric al predictions in 08 productive harvests of the 09 farms, where the Mean Squared Errors (EQM) between predicted and actual variables of GMPD ranged from 0.09 to 13.96%. For the multivariate analyzes with the four input variables weight at weaning (PD), conformation at weaning (CPD), musc ulature at weaning (MPD) and precocity at weaning (PPD) in 09 harvests of the 09 productive farms, the Mean Squared Errors (NDE) between predicted and actual GMPD variables ranged from 0.08 to 26.30%. The complex transfer functions were robust to noise tests up to the second decimal place in the numeric al predictions considered in the study.
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    Fósforo disponível na nutrição e saúde óssea de peixes teleósteos
    (Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2023-09-21) Menezes, Ludmila Lopes de Castro; Bueno, Guilherme Wolff; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2055316269740101; Guimarães, Igo Gomes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1959358415883904; Guimarães, Igo Gomes; Val, Adalberto Luis; Souto, Cristielle Nunes; Oliveira, Denise Silva de; Mello, Heloisa Helena de Carvalho
    This thesis aimed to investigate the use of available P (AP) in diets of teleost fish species, considering its effects on growth, health, bone development and mineralization of skeletal structures. For this purpose, scientific experiments were conducted to determine the quantitative and qualitative implications of the consumption of diets containing levels of adequate dietary correspondence, below and above the specific nutritional requirements of each species. The results of these studies resulted in the elaboration of two scientific articles, whose approaches and main features are described below. The first article aimed to determine the nutritional requirement of AP for tambaquis (Colossoma macropomum) in the final growth phase (± 400 to 1000 g). The results indicated that AP supplementation did not affect the growth of tambaquis fed plant-based diets, and the diets containing 4.1 g/kg of AP. were sufficient to sustain growth in the evaluated phase. However, for adequate mineralization of the whole body and mineralized structures, the level in the diet of tambaquis is 10.3 g/kg AP. The second article investigated the impacts of AP. deficiency and the effect of restoring the mineral in the diet in three species of teleost fish: tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), pirapitinga (Piaractus brachypomus) and panga (Pangasius pangasius). The results showed that phosphorus deficiency increased body fat deposition, however, restoring the AP supply was not able to completely reverse this adiposity. The dynamics of mineral deposition in mineralized structures was speciesspecific, with the cephalic bones being the main source of mineral mobilization in situations of deficiency. The findings indicate that reestablishing the AP supply after a long period of deficiency is able to restore the physiological well-being of the fish evaluated in this study. The results obtained highlight the importance of assessing the impacts of phosphorus deficiency at different stages of rearing and the use of appropriate parameters to determine the level of AP in the diets of teleost fish. Although bone abnormalities are visible and relevant indicators, they represent only a part of the consequences of phosphorus deficiency, with the metabolic and physiological effects being less apparent. Therefore, a more comprehensive approach focusing on parameters related to the physiological well-being of teleost fish can contribute to more sustainable and environmentally friendly aquaculture
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    Óleos essenciais, ácidos orgânicos e probióticos associados ao antibiótico melhorador de desempenho em rações para frangos de corte
    (Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2022-03-26) Santos Neto, Lindolfo Dorcino dos; Leandro, Nadja Susana Mogyca; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3136809931691012; Stringhini, José Henrique; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8505634095383289; Café, Marcos Barcellos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9860968235125158; Café, Marcos Barcellos; Laboissière, Michele; Carvalho, Genilson Bezerra de; Costa, Miliane Alves da; Martins, Julyana Machado da Silva
    The use of alternative feed additives such as organic acids, probiotics, and essential oils in the poultry industry has been increasing due to restrictions regarding the use of antibiotics as growth promoters. For that, four experimental trials were conducted to evaluated the use of feed additives in association with antibiotics. The first experiment had three treatments and 10 replicates, in which 660 one-day-old chicks (22 birds per pen) were distributed in a completely randomized design. The treatments were as follows; treatment 1: basal diet plus enramycin addition. Treatment 2: basal diet without feed additives addition. Treatment 3: basal diet plus enramycin and essential oil addition. The second experiment had the same experimental design of the first one; however, with the following treatments: treatment 1, basal diet plus enramycin addition; treatment 2, basal diet without feed additives addition; treatment 3: basal diet plus enramycin and organic acid addition. The third experiment also used the same experimental design; although with the following treatments: treatment 1, basal diet plus enramycin addition; treatment 2, basal diet without feed additives addition; treatment 3: basal diet plus enramycin and probiotic addition. The fourth experiment was conducted with a completely randomized design with two treatments and ten replicates (22 birds por replicate), totalizing 440 one-day-old chicks. The treatments were as follows, treatment 1: basal diet plus enramycin addition associated with essential oil and probiotic, Treatment 2: basal diet plus enramycin associated with organic acids and provbiotics. No statistical differences were observed among treatments for final average body weight, body weight gain, feed intake nor feed conversion (P>0.05). Neither were observed differences among treatments for carcass and commercial cuts yield (P>0.05), which were analyzed in two birds per experimental unit at 42 days of age.
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    Avaliação do potencial do peptídeo indolicidina na descontaminação de sêmen bovino
    (Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2021-03-04) Santos, Gabriel Henrique; Lorenzón, Esteban Nicolás; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5721301206170261; Penido, Paula Maria Pires do Nascimento; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3728828455536727; Souza, Guilherme Rocha Lino de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1127532567066692; Souza, Guilherme Rocha Lino de; Gambarini, Maria Lucia; Ferreira Júnior, Álvaro
    The growing interest in artificial insemination in cattle has led researchers to study techniques that make it possible to preserve semen without compromising its ability to fertilize. This project evaluated the antiviral and antibacterial activity of the peptide indolicidin and its potential use as an antiviral agent for a product of high commercial value, which is the semen of selected cattle. Firstly, the antibacterial activity of the indolicidin peptide was evaluated against the bacterium E. coli at the concentrations described in the literature. Based on Escherichia coli, the antibacterial activity of the peptide was evaluated at concentrations of 10 μM, 20 μM and 30 μM against Leptospira interrogans. Subsequently, the peptide was tested at concentrations of 10 μM, 20 μM and 30 μM on cultured cells (MDBK), in which no changes in cell morphology or viability were observed. The antiviral activity of the peptide was then analyzed in MDBK cells artificially infected with bovine alphaherpesvirus type-1 (BoHV-1), in which the peptide was incubated at concentrations of 4 μM, 6 μM, 8 μM, 10 μM, 20 μM and 30 μM, and the safety of the peptide against bovine semen was evaluated according to quality parameters. The indolicidin peptide was safe against semen and cultured cells. In bacteria, the best concentration identified was 30 μM, while in BoHV-1 the best concentration was 8 μM. To date, no methodology has been described for the efficient inactivation of BoHV-1, nor even for minimizing the viral concentration in bovine semen, which makes this project interesting for the commercialization of semen on the national and international markets.
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    Maus-tratos animais no contexto de violência doméstica na região metropolitana de Goiânia
    (Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2022-02-03) Soares, Fernanda Bastos; Machado, Ingrid Bueno Atayde; Souza, Tatiana Machiavelli Carmo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3120018580121934; Jayme, Valéria de Sá; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0603234425928309; Jayme, Valéria de Sá; Modena, Celina Maria; Hellmeister Filho, Paulo
    Veterinary Medicine is one of the professions that integrate the health area. From this assumption, that professionals have the possibility to intervene in situations which cause damage to animal and human health, just as domestic violence and animal abuse. Studies show that individuals who are violent with animals tend to commit violent crimes against people, or people who are violent with others may commit crimes against animals. However, there are few studies within Veterinary Medicine that assess such behaviors and their consequences. This study evaluated the perception of the link between domestic and animal violence, which has a public health character and has closely linked components, as they act as indicators of various social problems, such as domestic violence and social vulnerability. A total of 117 questionnaires were applied, 80 of which were applied to Veterinary Medicine students, 34 to veterinarians and three to women. Data were collected about the crimes of animal abuse and domestic violence, through the Public Security Observatory of the State of Goiás, in which the dynamics between the analyzed crimes was observed, signaling that before the aggression to the human being, the animal is the first victim. It was found that Veterinary Medicine and its professionals are not prepared to combat crimes of animal abuse and, consequently, help to break the cycle of domestic violence, just as the women participating in the research showed that their aggressors have traces of aggression against animals