EVZ - Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia

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Aação do extrato etanólico da casca do pequi na cardiotoxicidade por doxorrubicina em ratos
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2015-12-10) Moura, Léa Resende; Carvalho, Rosângela de Oliveira Alves; http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4706993T2; Moura, Veridiana Maria Brianezi Dignani de; http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4706014T9; Moura, Veridiana Maria Brianezi Dignani de; Matos, Moema Pacheco Chediak; Coelho, Humberto Eustáquio; Beletti, Marcelo Emílio; Miguel, Marina Pacheco
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of pequi shell etanolic extract (PSEE) (Caryocar brasiliense), through morphological evaluation and expression of MMP2, MMP9, TIMP1 and TIMP2 proteins in the myocardium of rats with experimental acute and chronic doxorubicin (DOX) cardiotoxicity, to better understand the mechanisms involved in this disease process. Thus, two experiments were carried out. In experiment groups of acute phase, 30 Wistar rats were divided in six groups of five animals each, being Sham group (SG) water and saline; (G1) 16 mg/kg DOX and treatment with 300 mg/kg of PSEE for 17 days; (G2) 16 mg/kg of DOX and 600 mg/kg of PSEE for 17 days; (G3) 16 mg/kg of DOX and 300 mg/kg of PSEE for 10 days; (G4) 16 mg/kg of DOX and 600 mg/kg of PSEE for 10 days; and (GC) 16 mg/kg DOX. Treatment of G1 and G2 began on day one and continued until the end of the experiment, on the 17th. G3 and G4 animals were treated with PSEE for ten days, from the day seven, and DOX was applied on the 14th day after the experiment beginning. Three days after the application of DOX, on the 17th, the animals were euthanized and macroscopic evaluation and collection of samples for enzymatic analysis, histopathology and immunohistochemistry were performed. In groups of the chronic phase experiment, 30 Wistar rats were divided in six groups of five animals. G1 and G2 received 300 mg/kg and 600 mg/kg of PSEE, respectively, as pretreatment, by gavage for seven days. In G1, G2, G3, G4 and control group (CG), cardiotoxicity was induced with weekly applications of 2 mg/kg DOX, intraperitoneally, totaling four applications (8 mg/kg), and Sham group (SG) received 1 ml saline solution. G3 animals received daily 300 mg/kg of PSEE and G4, 600 mg/kg, by gavage, for 21 days of application of DOX. The CG and SG received 1 ml of water daily by gavage also. After completion of the application animals were kept for two months, totaling three months of treatment. Macroscopic evaluation was performed by the 90 days and samples were taken for analysis in electron microscopy, histopathology and immunohistochemistry. In acute experiment was concluded that PSEE attenuates the the deleterious effects of the DOX on cardiac muscle undergoing acute drug-induced cardiotoxicity. When used at doses of 300 and 600 mg/kg for 17 days PSEE attenuates vacuolar degeneration in myocytes. When used at a dose of 600 mg/kg for 10 days PSEE reduces the fibers disruption. PSEE at a dose of 300 mg/kg for 17 days increases TIMP1 expression in the myocardium of rats treated with DOX. In chronic experiment was concluded that PSEE is effective in minimizing effects of chronic cardiotoxicity induced by DOX in the myocardium of rats, whereas at doses of 300 and 600 mg/kg, PSEE attenuates vacuolar degeneration in myocytes and at the dose of 600 mg/kg the PSEE reduces the amount of Anitschkow cells and myofibrils fragmentation. Keywords: Anthracycline, electron microscopy, histopathology
Abordagem diagnóstica e terapêutica de cães com doença renal crônica com ênfase na hiperfosfatemia
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2016-02-25) Queiroz, Layla Livia de; Damasceno, Adilson Donizeti; Duque, Celine Tie Nishimori; Fioravanti, Maria Clorinda Soares; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8772502020076257; Fioravanti, Maria Clorinda Soares; Castro, Maria Cristina Nobre e; Carvalho, Rosangela de Oliveira Alves
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a degenerative condition that mainly affects older dogs. It has a progressive character, no cure, and in most cases is diagnosed late, when treatment becomes ineffective and survival timeshorter. With the objective of diagnosis’ standardization, the International Renal Interest Society (IRIS) proposed a staging system based on serum creatinine. One of the major complications of CKD is hyperphosphatemia, which is demonstrably linked to mortality inhuman patients. The presentstudy used 65 dogs with CKD, followed upmonthly. The mortality rate was 55% and the average age was seven years. The follow-up time ranged from 46 to 225 days. As for the IRIS staging, 6.2% of dogs were in stage 1, 13.8% in stage 2, 38.5% in stage 3 and 41.5% in stage 4. With the progression of disease, proteinuria and arterial blood pressureincreased while urine specific gravity reduced. Most of the dogs showed increased renal echogenicity and changes in cortico-medullary definition,in ultrasonographic examinations. Hyperphosphatemia occurred mainly in stages 3 and 4 and was related to progression of the disease, hypoalbuminemia, proteinuria, hypertension and increased mortality. Renal diet given continuously was effective in controlling hyperphosphatemia and increased survival time of dogs with CKD.
Ação citotóxica e antioxidante da beta lapachona em células endoteliais
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2017-12-18) Gonçalves, Patricia de Almeida Machado; Cruz, Vanessa de Sousa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8788967925940484; Pereira, Kleber Fernando; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4779531102983799; Araújo, Eugênio Gonçalves de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3919777570059928; Araújo, Eugênio Gonçalves de; Santin, Ana Paula Iglesias; Porto, Regiani Nascimento Gagno
Oxidative stress is the overproduction of reactive oxygen species that cause cell damage and even the death. It is a mechanism related to ischemia and reperfusion, a process that affects several organs and is involved in neurodegenerative diseases, cardiac and/or renal insufficiencies, hepatic dysfunction, among others. The discovery of new antioxidant substances derived from natural sources, is important for the prevention and treatment of these diseases. Beta lapachone is a substance with antioxidant action obtained from sawdust of Ipe wood, a symbolic tree from the Brazilian cerrado. This study aimed to analyze the cytotoxic and antioxidant action of beta lapachone in endothelial cells, in vitro. EA.hy 926 lineage cells were subcultured, treated with different concentrations of beta lapachone and subjected to ischemia and reperfusion. Cytotoxicity and antioxidant action were assessed through the cellular viability analysis by the tetrazolium reduction method. The averages were verified by the Tukey test (5% of significance) and by variance analysis. There was a dose-dependent progression of cytotoxicity in the non-ischemia/reperfusion (control) group and cell viability increase in the ischemia/reperfusion group. However, there was no statistical difference between the concentrations and between groups. Considering the settings of this experiment, Beta lapachone did not present cytotoxic or antioxidant action on endothelial cells.
Ação da calendula officinalis 6 CH e spray de quitosana na cicatrização de feridas cutâneas em ratas diabéticas
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2016-08-05) Oliveira, Letícia Melo; Menezes, Liliana Borges de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2012543423092393; Paulo, Neusa Margarida; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7949273598509043; Paulo, Neusa Margarida; Parente, Leila Maria Leal; Martins, Apóstolo Ferreira
One of the complications of diabetes is the difficulty of wound healing. Several studies are being conducted in order to find a drug to optimize healing while taking a low cost. Calendula officinalis in homeopathic materia medica is cited as a healing agent, but no studies in the literature evaluating its effect on wounds in diabetic patients has been peeformed. Chitosan is a biopolymer that has anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antioxidant potential and helps in the healing process. The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare the effect of Calendula officinalis 6 CH and Chitosan Spray on the healing of skin wounds in diabetic rats. For this, we used 54 female rats randomly assigned into three groups (CG, GH, and GQ) 18 animals each satisfaction. The animals were treated according to the group to which they belonged: the CG with 0.9% saline, the GH with Calendula officinalis 6 CH, and GQ with Chitosan Spray. Each group was divided into three subgroups (n = 6) corresponding to periods of microscopic evaluation (three, seven, and 14 days). The rats were diabetes- induced by intraperitoneal application of Aloxana (120mg / kg) and then anesthetized for holding the punch of 9.0 mm in the dorsal thoracic vertebrae. Macroscopic and microscopic evaluations were performed. Macroscopically, animals treated with Calendula 6 CH and Chitosan Spray had their wounds healed in a shorter time when compared to the CG. Microscopically, we observed that the Calendula 6 CH was able to promote increased recruitment of mononuclear cells present in fibroplasia in the initial healing stage and promote formation of thick dense connective tissue and organized at the end of 14 days, demonstrating superiority to the control group and to the Chitosan group. The Chitosan Spray was effective and superior in optimizing wound healing compared to the control group.
AÇÃO DA CLORPROMAZINA EM RINS DE CÃES SUBMETIDOS À ISQUEMIA E REPERFUSÃO
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2009-09-19) MENEZES, Liliana Borges de; ARAÚJO, Eugênio Gonçalves de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3919777570059928
Renal ischemia is present in different situations such as vascular or kidney surgery and also in renal transplantation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the renal function in dogs submitted to ischemia and reperfusion after chlorpromazine application. Twelve adult mongrel dogs were distributed into two groups with six animals: group A - ischemia and reperfusion without previous administration of chlorpromazine; group B - ischemia and reperfusion treated previously with chlorpromazine. Blood and urine samples were harvested in four different times: before ischemia, at the beginning of reperfusion, 120 minutes after of reperfusion and every week until postsurgical day 28 in order to check the possible ischemia/reperfusion late effect. Renal function was evaluated by clinical examination, serum urea and creatinine levels and urinary GGT activity. PU/CU and urinary activity of GGT were more sensitive for detecting acute tubular injury then routine urine examination, because these variables showed earlier alterations. It was not possible to verify the chlorpromazine protective action through urinalysis, creatinine and urea serum levels, excretion of GGT urinary and urine protein:creatinine ratio.
Ação de um novo protótipo anti-hipertensivo (LASSBio-897) sobre o sistema cardiovascular de gatos
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2015-05-29) Santos Junior, Marcelo Borges dos; Oliveira, Valéria de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6300240031300604; Fioravanti, Maria Clorinda Soares; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8772502020076257; Carvalho, Rosângela de Oliveira Alves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5593911382353878; Alves, Rosângela de Oliveira; Tárraga, Kátia Mitsube; Damasceno, Adilson Donizeti
Systemic hypertension (SH) is one of the main cardiovascular risk factors. It is a disease of often late detection due to its slow evolution and silence. Both, cats and man, SH is characterized by high and sustained levels of blood pressure (BP). The main consequences of SH are injuries in major organs, such as eyes, brain, kidneys, and heart. In order to avoid major problems generated by SH, researches have been conducted to identify new molecules capable to control SH. Recently a new prototype (LASSBio-897), was developed by the laboratory of Bioactive Substances (LASSBio) at the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), which demonstrated significant vasodilation activity in rats. For a better understanding of these prototype, pre-clinical studies are needed in another specie, witch will serve to determine the pharmacokinetics and safety of the molecule. Therefore it is necessary, obeying the toxicological profile of the prototype, to pre-establish and administrate doses to another specie, in these case cats. In order to identify possible cardiovascular effects some complementary exams are needed, such as electrocardiogram, echodopplercardiogram and blood pressure measurement, besides it`s necessary to identify possible toxicity effects, so hematological exams are also needed, such as hemogram and serum biochemical. The aim of the study was to prove vasodilator effect induce by LASSBio-897 in cats. This effect was seen specially for the smallest dose of LASSBio-897 proposed.
Ação de um novo protótipo anti-hipertensivo (LASSBio897) sobre o sistema cardiovascular de cães
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2014-02-26) Nasciutti, Priscilla Regina; Oliveira, Valéria de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6300240031300604; Damasceno, Adilson Donizeti; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3900110295277130; Carvalho, Rosângela de Oliveira Alves; Carvalho, Rosângela de Oliveira Alves; Viana, Fernando Antonio Bretas; Lima, Aline Maria Vasconcelos
In dogs, as in humans, arterial hypertension is characterized by an excessive increase of systemic blood pressure which can cause renal, ocular, neurological and cardiac lesions. Currently, five classes of antihypertensive agents are commonly used. A drug prototype (LASSBio 897) capable of promoting vasodilation effects was developed and became a possible alternative for new therapeutic strategy. The main goal of this study was to investigate its vasodilatory effect, as well as to identify possible changes in clinical, cardiovascular, renal and hepatic functions. Six adult and healthy beagle dog were used. They received oral doses of 0.5mg/kg, 1.0mg/kg and 2.0mg/kg of LASSBio 897 and 0.5mg/kg of benazepril, as a positive control. Assessments of liver and kidney function, doppler echocardiographic and electrocardiographic examinations and blood pressure measurements, were performed. No clinical changes suggesting acute toxicity were observed and all measured parameters were within the normal values for canine species. Blood pressure values decreased gradually until time of 120min, in which its lowest value was observed (120.58mmHg), among the three studied doses, similar to that observed with benazepril. No hypotension or arrhythmias were observed. In echocardiography, values of stroke volume and cardiac output were lower than those described as normal for the species, with averages that decreased until time of 240min. In conclusion the oral administration of the prototype LASSBio 897, in single doses, causes vasodilation and is safe since no significant changes in haematological, renal and hepatic biochemical evaluations were observed, as well as in urinary review. The prototype does not cause side effects, hypotension or abnormal heart rhythms.
Ação do LASSBio 294 sobre os parâmetros cardiovasculares em modelo experimental de cardiomiopatia dilatada em coelhos
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2016-12-16) Costa, Ana Paula Araújo; Moura, Veridiana Maria Brianezi Dignani de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8773201078957745; Oliveira, Valéria de; Carvalho, Rosângela de Oliveira Alves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5593911382353878; Carvalho, Rosângela de Oliveira Alves; Passos, Andréa Cintra Bastos Tôrres; Tárraga, Kátia Mitsube; Lima, Aline Maria Vasconcelos; Araújo , Eugênio Golçalves de
Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a disease of the heart muscle that culminates in dilatation of the left ventricle, or both, and myocardial contractile dysfunction. The clinical phase of the disease is characterized by congestive heart failure signs (CHF), with or without arrhythmias. The treatment involves the use of drugs aimed at reducing the signs of CHF and arrhythmias, with diuretics, positive inotropic, vasodilator and antiarrhythmic. A new drug candidate (LASSBio 294), capable of promoting combined positive inotropic and vasodilating effects, has recently been developed, and have been tested in pre-clinical study in healthy Beagle dogs with promising results. Therefore, this study proposed to verify the action of the drug prototype LASSBio 294, at a dose of 2mg/Kg on cardiovascular parameters of rabbits with DCM experimentally induced by doxorubicin, using as positive control the pimobendan at a dose of 0.3mg/kg. The DCM was induced by intravenous administration of 1 mg/kg of doxorubicin, at a concentration of 2mg/ml, twice a week, for three weeks, and then weekly until it reached fractional shortening less or equal to 25%. As methods of evaluating the LASSBio 294 action on the cardiovascular system of rabbits and monitor the induction of DMC, the following tests were performed: electrocardiography, echodopplercardiography, measurement of blood pressure, chest radiograph, dosage of cardiac lesions, and kidney and liver function biomarkers and hematologic evaluation. At the end of the induction protocol the animals were randomly divided into two groups A (LASSBio 294) and B (pimobendan) and underwent treatment for 30 days, twice a day. At the end of the study it was concluded that the DCM model induced by doxorubicin is a good model to study the disease and its consequences, leading to systolic and diastolic dysfunction with dilatation of the left ventricle. However the time for induction of DCM is inaccurate and the occurrence of multisystemic toxicity, such as nephrotoxicity and myelosuppression, contributes to high mortality rate in this model (35%). It can be concluded that LASSBio 294 is effective in increasing systolic function, improving diastolic function, without altering rabbits blood pressure, has no pro-arrhythmogenic or toxic effect, and reduced the serum creatinine concentration of the animals, but it does not prevent the evolution of the congestive condition.
Ação Neuroprotetora do Extrato Etanólico da Casca de Pequi em Cérebros de Ratos Submetidos à Isquemia de Reperfusão
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2011-03-24) MIGUEL, Marina Pacheco; BRITO, Luiz Augusto Batista; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3212353728321020; FIORAVANTI, Maria Clorinda Soares; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8772502020076257; ARAÚJO, Eugênio Gonçalves de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3919777570059928
Ácido guanidinoacético em dieta pré-inicial para frangos
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2017-03-28) Borges, Kamilla Martins; Mello, Heloisa Helena de Carvalho; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5510965166352073; Café, Marcos Barcellos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9860968235125158; Mascarenhas, Alessandra Gimenez; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9082632592936909; Mascarenhas, Alessandra Gimenez; Rocha, Fernanda Rodrigues Taveira; Leandro, Nadja Susana Mogyca
Creatine is a substance that provides temporary energy. Guanidinoacetic acid (AGA) is a natural precursor of creatine, and can be added to feeds. The AGA provided acts as an energetic substrate with lower protein degradation with amino acid shift for gluconeogenesis, improving the initial performance of the birds. To evaluate the AGA in broiler chicken diet, an experiment was carried out using rations formulated for the pre-initial phase. Treatments consisted of a basal diet without AGA and rations with 0.10 and 0.20% AGA. A total of 252 male cutting chicks, distributed in a completely randomized design (DIC), with seven replicates and 12 birds per experimental unit were used. Feed consumption, weight gain and feed conversion were evaluated at seven, 14 and 21 days of age. Six days later, blood samples were collected for the determination of creatinine, creatine kinase (CK) and glucose and two metabolism tests were performed one at three and the other at 17 days of age. Data were submitted to analysis of variance ANOVA and the means were compared by the Tukey test. In the period of 1 to 7 days, an improvement in the feed conversion of animals receiving 0.20% AGA was observed. In the period from 7 to 14 days there was improvement in feed conversion and tending to improve the weight gain of the animals that received 0.20% AGA. There was no cumulative effect of AGA use on experimental rations fed to broiler chickens from 1 to 7 days of age on performance up to 21 days of age. Blood creatinine values at six days of life did not show significant differences. Animals that received 0.20% AGA presented higher CK blood concentration than the other treatments. The blood glucose concentration did not present statistical differences between treatments. The crude protein metabolism coefficient (CMPB) was increased within 3 to 7 days for animals receiving 0.20% AGA in the diet. There was no difference between treatments in the period from 17 to 21 days for the metabolization coefficient. The animals' intestinal weight and length did not show differences between treatments. Levels of 0.10 and 0.20% of AGA in the pre-starter diet improves weight gain and feed conversion over the period from 1 to 14 days of age in broilers.
Ácido guanidinoacético para leitões
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2016-03-15) Teixeira, Karla Andrade; Mello, Heloisa Helena de Carvalho; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5510965166352073; Arnhold, Emmanuel; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7156945506134934; Mascarenhas, Alessandra Gimenez; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9082632592936909; Mascarenhas, Alessandra Gimenez; Carvalho, Thony de Assis; Campos, Melissa Selaysin Di
In the search for improved animal performance, has been testing new substances and new products to be used as additives in feed. Creatine and their precursors are examples of such compounds used for improvement of animal productivity. The guanidinoacetic acid is a natural precursor of creatine that has been studied in order to verify their effects on animal performance. With the objective of verify whether supplementation of guanidinoacetic acid in diets could help save the arginine used for the synthesis of creatine, which can be diverted to protein synthesis, growth and development of the animal. 90 piglets weaned at 21 days of age were used. The animals were distributed in a randomized block design based on the initial weight of the animals, with five treatments (0.00, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15 and 0.20% of inclusion of guanidinoacetic acid) six replicates and three animals per experimental unit. The experimental diets and water were fed ad libitum in the pre-initial I phase (21 -32 days old) and pre-initial II (33-42 days old), and the initial phase (43-63 days old). At 42 and 63 days old blood was collected from an animal for experimental unit to analyze creatinine and creatine kinase. They were analyzed daily weight gain, daily feed intake and feed conversion in phases pre-initial (21-42 days old), initial (43-63 days old) and the total duration of the experiment (21-63 days old). All variables were subjected to analysis of variance and regression analysis. It was adopted α = 0.05 and considered trend between α 0,05 and 0,10. In the pre-initial phase (21-42 days), there was a tendency to parameter gain weight daily (P= 0,069), however daily feed intake and feed conversion were not affected significantly by the addition of different levels of guanidinoacetic acid in the diet. As for the blood variables, creatinine levels both at 42 as at 63 days were not significantly affected. For creatine kinase levels at 42 days there was a tendency (P = 0.077), but after 63 days there were significant influences. In the initial phase (43-63 days) and total experimental period (21-63 days) were no significant effects of the inclusion of guanidinoacetic acid, both for performance variables as for creatinine and creatine kinase.
Ácidos graxos ômega 3 na dieta de cães com doença valvar mitral
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2018-02-23) Nasciutti, Priscilla Regina; Borges, Naida Cristina; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9181279951885005; Martins, Danieli Brolo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2159963349521553; Carvalho, Rosângela de Oliveira Alves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5593911382353878; Carvalho, Rosângela de Oliveira Alves; Pereira Neto, Gláucia Bueno; Passos, Andréa Cintra Bastos Torres; Damasceno, Adilson Donizeti; Lima, Aline Maria Vasconcelos
Mitral valve disease (MVD) is characterized by thickening in the valvular leaflets and may lead to heart failure. Pharmacological treatment of the disease with vasodilators, positive inotropes and diuretics is used in conjunction with dietary management. Omega 3 (ω-3) supplementation has been associated with modulation of blood pressure (BP) and heart rate, improvement of Doppler echocardiography, antiarrhythmic, anti-inflammatory and antidysiphyde effects. In the absence of prospective clinical studies, the objective was to evaluate the influence of ω-3 supplementation in dogs with MVD. For this purpose, 41 dogs were followed up every three months for 12 months by means of clinical evaluation, BP measurement, electrocardiography, Doppler echocardiography, chest radiography, laboratory tests, dosages of inflammatory mediators and cardiac biomarker. The dogs were classified in stages B1, B2 and C, according to the ACVIM consensus. Dogs were randomly divided into the ω-3 group, which received food for dogs with heart diseases supplemented with ω-3 and control group (even food without supplementation). In stage B1 only dogs from the ω-3 group were evaluated. At the end of 12 months, no changes were observed in the parameters evaluated. In dogs stage B2 and C, there was an increase in the serum levels of inflammatory mediators, in a larger amplitude in the control group. The ω-3 preserved body condition score, muscle condition score and reduced by 2.96 times the chance of developing arrhythmias. The DIVEdN and VHS measurements were higher in the control group and correlated with NTproBNP cardiac biomarker concentrations. It is concluded that the supplementation with ω-3 in patients in classes B2 and C, maintains the body condition, helps reduce volume overload, has an antiarrhythmic effect and keeps dogs with MVD in the firsts stages of the disease.
Ácidos orgânicos e fitase em rações para leitões desmamados
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2013-09-20) Ruffino, Luciana Moura; Stringhini, José Henrique; Silva, Paulo César; Nunes, Romão da Cunha; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4335133347523404; Nunes, Romão da Cunha; Farias, Leonardo Atta; Coelho, Karyne Oliveira; Rocha, Fernanda Rodrigues Taveira; Andrade, Maria Auxiliadora
This study aimed to evaluate the performance in the pre-initial phase (6.7 kg to 15.0 kg), initial phase (15 kg to 25 kg), and in the total period (6.7 kg to 25 kg) as well as the digestibility and metabolism coefficients in pre-initial phase (6.7 kg to 15.0 kg) and initial phase (15 kg to 25 kg). The experimental design was in randomized complete blocks. ANOVA was performed and means were compared by Tukey test at 10 % confidence. We used 120 animals, four animals per experimental unit and five replications, to assess performance, and 48 piglets, each animal representing an experimental unit with four replications, to evaluate digestibility,. The treatments were as follows: 1 - control with Pd available at 0.4%; 2 - Pd reduced to 0.15%; 3 - Pd reduced to 0.15%, plus 1,000 FYT/kg; 4 - Pd reduced to 0.15%, plus 1,000 FYT/kg and 0.3% butyric acid; 5 - Pd reduced to 0.15%, plus 1,000 FYT/kg and 0.75% benzoic acid; 6 - Pd reduced to 0.15%, plus 1,000 FYT/kg, 0.3% butyric acid, and 0.75% benzoic acid. The variables studied in performance test were as follows: daily weight gain, total weight gain, daily feed intake, total feed intake and feed conversion rate in the pre-initial and initial phases, and the total period. For the assessment of digestibility and metabolization coefficients we used the method of total collection of faeces and urine. The analyzed variables were apparent digestibility coefficients for dry matter, crude protein, ether extract, calcium and phosphorus in the pre-initial and initial phases. We studied the metabolization coefficients of dry matter, crude protein, crude energy, calcium and phosphorus in the pre-initial and initial phases. In the pre-initial and initial phases and in the total period the best performance results were obtained when piglets were fed a diet containing benzoic acid and phytase. In the pre-initial phase, calcium digestibility was higher in piglets that ingested diet with reduced phosphorus and diet with phytase. In the initial phase, the digestibility coefficients of dry matter, crude protein and ether extract were lower for the animals fed diets with phytase, benzoic acid and butyric acid. In both phases there was no difference in the metabolization coefficients of dry matter, crude protein, ether extract, calcium and phosphorus. We concluded that the tested additives improved the performance of piglets from 6.7 kg to 25,0 kg live weight.
Ácidos orgânicos no controle de Salmonella Enteritidis em frangos de corte desafiados experimentalmente com Salmonella Enteritidis e Eimeria tenella
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2009-03-27) CALAÇA, Gracinda Mariana; ANDRADE, Maria Auxiliadora; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9441751521255467; LEANDRO, Nadja Susana Mogyca; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3136809931691012; CAFÉ, Marcos Barcellos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9860968235125158
This experiment was carried out using 504 one-day-old Hubbard female chicks, in order to evaluate the effect of a mixture of organic acids added to the ration, on the control of Salmonella in birds experimentally confronted with S. enteritidis and S. enteritidis associated with Eimeria tenella. The birds were distributed following a totally randomized sequence in factorial way 3x2, added or not the organic acid to the ration and the presence of challenge with S. enteritidis and E. tenella, isolated S. enteritidis or without challenge at all, totalizing six treatments with six repetitions each one, using 14 birds by experimental unit. The statistic data was analyzed using the program SAS, adopted to compare the averages, the Tukey test (quantitative variables) and Kruskal-Wallis (qualitative variables) to p< 0,05. The birds that received organic acid enriched ration had improvement in the performance at 7, 21 and 28 days. The birds inoculated only with S. enteritidis and the birds inoculated with S. Enteritidis and E. tenella presented worse levels of zootecnic performance (p<0,05) at 21, 28 and 35 days of life. The spleen weight and the thin intestine and cecum pH were not influenced (p>0,05) by the addition of organic acids to the ration. All the treatments challenged with S. enteritidis and which received acids presented minor frequency of bacteria isolation in the analyzed organs. It was also observed a reduction on the number of oocists of E. tenella in the excretes and in the cecum content in the treatments which had organic acids, as well as reduction of intestinal damage scores caused by infection with E. tenella. The organic acids promoted improvement on the zootecnic performance on cut chicken, improving intestinal health with positive consequences on control of S. enteritidis together with Eimeria tenella
Adição de água em rações para suínos em crescimento e terminação
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2010-05-21) FARIAS, Leonardo Atta; STRINGHINI, José Henrique; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8505634095383289; SILVA, Paulo César; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4162443606090063; NUNES, Romão da Cunha; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4335133347523404
In this research, three experiments were conducted. The first and the second ones were conducted to evaluate the effects of adding water to mash rations on nutrient digestibility, energy performance, water intake and excrement quality of pigs at the growing and finishing phases(the evaluation of carcass traits was performed), respectively. Finally, a last experiment was carried out to evaluate the proliferation of fungi in the diets of finishing pigs with different levels of water addition and at different storage times. The variables analyzed in the first two experiments were nutrients and energy digestibility and metabolism, nitrogen balance, moisture rate, fecal nitrogen and phosphorus, and performance variables. For the second trial, the carcass traits were also evaluated after slaughtering. In the third experiment, the number of fungal colony-forming units in the diets was evaluated with and without the use of antifungal and at different storage times. The addition of water to pig diets at growing-finishing phases does not influence the apparent nutrient digestibility, or the performance of the animals when they are fed twice a day. There is a reduction of fresh water intake, and of phosphorus excretion. Carcass composition was not affected. The addition of water to the diets of pigs in the finishing phase increases the production of fungi over storage time.
Adição de enzimas em dietas com diferentes fontes de proteína para frangos
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2014-09-18) Fortes, Bruno Duarte Alves; Stringhini, José Henrique; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8505634095383289; Leandro, Nadja Susana Mogyca; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3136809931691012; Café, Marcos Barcellos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9860968235125158; Café, Marcos Barcellos; Bertechini, Antonio Gilberto; Brito, Jerônimo Ávito Gonçalves de; Carvalho, Fabyola Barros de; Leite, Paulo Ricardo de Sá da Costa
Three experiments were perfomed in order to evaluate the addition of an enzymatic complex containing xylanase, amylase, and protease to rations with different protein sources for broilers through the true digestibility of amino acids, metabolization of nutrients and performance of animals. The first experiment was a completely randomized design with nine treatments and five replications. Birds were subjected to a five days adaptation period to experimental diets and the diets were as follows: one diet free of protein (DFP), and eight DFP diets with tested feedstuffs to replace corn starch. The true digestibility coefficient of essential amino acids, corn gluten meal (60%), soybean protein concentrate, bovine dried plasma and viscera meal were measured at seven and 21 days of age. The digestibility coefficient of essential amino acids at seven and 21 days of age were as higher (p<0.05) for the treatments with enzymatic complex and for the digestibility of essential amino acids the coefficients were higher (p<0.05), only at seven days of age, for corn gluten meal (60%), soybean protein concentrate and viscera meal. It was possible to conclude that the addition of xylanase, amylase and protease improved the digestibility of amino acids, regardless of the ingredient and the age of the animals. The second study was a metabolism experiment conducted to determine the coefficient of apparent metabolism of dry matter (CAMDM), crude protein (CAMCP), ether extract (CAMEE) and apparent metabolizable energy corrected for nitrogen balance (AMEn) of feed for broilers with different protein feedstuffs, such as corn gluten meal (60%), soybean protein concentrate, viscera meal and bovine dried plasma, associated with enzymatic complex. A completely randomized design with nine treatments (one reference diet, and eight diets with inclusion of tested feedstuffs with or without addition of enzymatic complex) and five replicates was used, with ten birds in the pre-starter diet and six birds in the initial diet. Tested feedstuffs replaced 40% reference diet. The use of enzymatic complex in pre-starter diets was effective (p<0.05) while improving CAMDM for soybean protein concentrate, CAMCP for soybean protein concentrate and bovine dried plasma and AMEn for bovine dried plasma. For the initial phase, only AMEn bovine dried plasma was affected (p<0.05) by the inclusion of xylanase, amylase and protease. The supplementation of xylanase, amylase and protease improved CAMDM and CAMCP in diets containing soybean protein concentrate as its main source of protein and CAMCP diets containing bovine dried plasma at seven days age, even more enzymatic complex was effective while increasing levels of apparent metabolizable energy corrected for nitrogen balance of diets containing bovine dried plasma. The third experiment was proposed to evaluate broiler performance using xylanase, amylase and protease in diets formulated with different protein ingredients. A completely randomized design with eight treatments and six replicates with 30 birds per cage was used. Treatments were as follows: T1- basal diet with 6% corn gluten meal (60%); T2- basal diet with 6% corn gluten meal (60%) and enzymatic complex; T3- basal diet with 6% soybean protein concentrate; T4- basal diet with 6% soybean protein concentrate and the enzymatic complex; T5- basal diet with 6% viscera meal; T6- basal diet with 6% viscera meal and the enzymatic complex; T7- basal diet with 5% bovine dried plasma; T8- basal diet with 5% bovine dried plasma and the enzymatic complex. No differences were observed (p>0.05) among treatments on feed intake throughout the experiment (1-42 days); however, weight gain, feed conversion and average weight of the birds were affected (p<0.05). Treatments with vegetable protein sources supplemented with enzymes produced an average reduction in the values of feed conversion and an increase in mean weight of 6.24 and 4.87% for diets containing corn gluten meal (60%) and 6.66 and 4.52% for diets containing soybean protein concentrate, respectively. Diets containing protein sources of animal origin and the inclusion of enzymatic complex (xylanase, amylase and protease) reduced the average values of feed conversion and increased the average weight: 5.88 and 4.57% for diets containing bovine dried plasma and 7.14 and 6.34% for diets containing viscera meal, respectively. The inclusion of enzymatic complex was effective while improving the average values for weight gain, feed conversion and average weight during 1-42 days of age.
Adição de enzimas em dietas de frangos de corte a base de milho de diferentes qualidades
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2020-03-31) Andrade, Tiago Vieira de; Stringhini, José Henrique; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8505634095383289; Café, Marcos Barcellos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9860968235125158; Café, Marcos Barcellos; Mascarenhas, Alessandra Gimenez; Arnhold, Emmanuel; Carvalho, Genilson Bezerra de; Fortes, Bruno Duarte Alves
The nutritional quality of stored corn grains is of paramount importance to formulate more efficient diets, given that corn grains with low nutritional value, trigger metabolic disturbances and consequently negative effects on the performance and use of nutrients in birds. Thus, the objective was to evaluate the effect of the addition of exogenous enzymes in diets of broilers based on corn kernels of different qualities. with 696 birds of the Cobb 500 strain. In experiments 1 and 3, with the purpose of evaluating performance at 1, 7, 21, 35 and 42 days of age and intestinal histomorphometry at 21 and 42 days of age, 600 chicks were used 1 day old males. In experiments 2 and 4, metabolism assays were carried out with 96 14-day old male chicks from experiment 1 and 3 to estimate the metabolizable energy values of corn of different qualities with the inclusion of exogenous enzymes and mycotoxin adsorbent in diets for broilers. In all experiments, a completely randomized design (DIC) was used, distributed in a factorial arrangement (2x2), with experiment 1 and 2 being the addition or not of the XAP enzyme blend (Xylanase, Amylase and Protease) and two types of corn (types 1 and 3), and for experiment 3 and 4 with or without the addition of mycotoxin adsorbent and with or without the addition of the enzymatic blend. It was observed that the birds that consumed type 1 corn with enzyme had higher average weight and better feed conversion. It was observed that the birds that consumed diets containing enzyme showed better digestibility for the values of EMAn, EMA and CMMS in the period of 17 to 21 days. It was observed that birds that consumed type 1 corn with enzyme showed better intestinal development for height of the jejunum and ileum up to 21 days of age. There was a reduction in uric acid and AST for birds that consumed type 1 corn with enzyme. There was a reduction (p <0.05) in LDH for birds that consumed type 1 corn. There was a higher (p <0.05) average weight for birds that consumed diets containing enzyme and adsorbent in the period from 1 to 7 days . In conclusion, it can be said that birds that consumed type 1 corn with enzyme showed good performance, carcass yield, use of nutrients and intestinal development.
Aditivos antimicrobianos e inclusão de fibra em dietas de milho grão inteiro para bovinos de corte
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2016-03-09) Lemos, Barbara Juliana Martins; Castro, Flávio Geraldo Ferreira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7651676206685012; Couto, Victor Rezende Moreira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4329309889502866; Fernandes, Juliano José de Resende; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7949776443064259; Fernandes, Juliano José de Resende; Ferreira, Reginaldo Nassar; Oliveira Júnior, Reinaldo Cunha de; Lima, Milton Luiz Moreira; Melo, Heloisa Helena de Carvalho
The objective of this study was evaluate the effects of antimicrobial feed additives and inclusion of pelleted sugarcane crop residue (SCR) as a fiber source in whole shelled corn (WSC)-based finishing diets (85% WSC + 15% pelleted concentrate, DM basis) on growth performance, nutrients digestibility, rumen fermentation and eating behavior of zebu cattle. Growth performance trials were conducted in randomized block design, and metabolical trials were conducted in Latin Square design using ruminally fistulated steers. In the antimicrobial feed additives studies, 100 bulls were fed for 101 d in Exp. 1 to evaluate the treatments M30 (30 mg of monensin [M]/kg DM), V25 (25 mg of virginiamycin [V]/kg DM), M20V25 (M 20 mg/kg DM + V 25 mg/kg DM), F4 (4.4 mg of flavomycin [F]/kg DM), and M20F2 (M 20 mg/kg DM + F 2.2 mg/kg DM); and in the Exp. 2 (Latin Square 7 × 7) were evaluate the same 5 treatments of Exp. 1 plus 2 additional treatments: M30V25 (M 30 mg/kg DM + V25 mg/kg DM) and M20F4 (M 20 mg/kg DM + F 4.4 mg/kg DM). In the SCR studies, 80 bulls were fed diets with 0, 3, 6, and 9% SCR (DM basis; SCR-0, SCR-3, SCR-6, and SCR-9, respectively) for 103 d in Exp. 1; and in the Exp. 2 (5 × 5 Latin Square) were evaluated the inclusion of 0, 3, 6, 9 and 12% of SCR (DM basis; SCR-0, SCR-3, SCR-6, SCR-9, and SCR-12, respectively). In the antimicrobial feed additives studies growth performance (final BW, ADG in live weight basis, DMI, and G:F), carcass characteristics (HCW, ADG in carcass basis, carcass transfer, dressing percent, and 12th-rib-fat), apparent total tract DM, OM, CP, and NDF digestibility were similar among treatments. There were no treatment effects and no interaction of treatment × time in rumen fermentation responses (ruminal pH, rumen ammonia nitrogen, number of protozoa, and VFA). In the WSC study, inclusion of SCR linearly increased daily DMI up to 25% (P = 0.01). Dry matter intake, as percentage of BW, increased (P = 0.01) 0.06 percentage units with each 1% inclusion of SCR. Over the entire finishing period (d 0 to 103), there were trends for linearly increase final BW up to 3.3% (P = 0.10), and ADG up to 10.7% (P = 0.07) in response to dietary SCR levels, consequentially G:F tended (P = 0.07) to linearly decrease up to 10.2% with inclusion of SCR compared with CTL diet. Apparent total tract digestibility linearly decreased (P < 0.01) 30% for DM, 28% for OM, 45% for CP, and 61% for NDF, from CTL for SCR-12. No treatment effect and no interaction of treatment × time were observed on ruminal pH, concentrations of rumen ammonia nitrogen and VFA. Time spent eating, eating rate, and meal frequency were not affected by inclusion of SCR up to 12%. There was a quadratic response on meal size (P = 0.04). In summary, feeding isolated or combined antimicrobial feed additives to zebu cattle resulted in similar responses. Pelleted SCR seemed to be low fermentable and non-effective to stimulate rumination by cattle fed WSC-based finishing diet.
Aditivos antimicrobianos e processamento de grão na terminação bovinos de corte confinados
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2017-02-17) Camilo, Fernando Rossi; Siqueira, Gustavo Rezende; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9873354467031857; Fernandes, Juliano José de Resende; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7949776443064259; Fernandes, Juliano José de Resende; Silva, Rodrigo Medeiros da; Oliveira Júnior, Reinaldo Cunha de; Pádua, João Teodoro; Ribeiro, Marinaldo Divino
The experiment 1 objectives were to evaluate the isolated and combined effects of the virginiamycin (VM) and monensin sodium (MON) on performance, feed intake, feed efficiency, ruminal fermentation, and carcass characteristics of beef cattle fed with high concentrate diet, the experiment 2 had the objective evaluate ruminal parameter the bulls Nelore with use the isolated and combined effects of the virginiamycin (VM) and monensin sodium (MON) and the experiment 3 had the objective to determine the optimal moisture content for reconstituted ensiled corn grain, evaluating final moisture concentrations of 27%, 30%, 33%, and 36%. In Exp. 1, 339 crossbred bulls Nellore x Guzera; were used in a randomized complete block design with five treatments and seven replicates. The blocks were defined by initial body weight. The animals were allocated in group pens for 103d, including 28d adaptation period. Treatments were defined by levels of VM and MON (mg/kg of DM) as follows: 30MON; 15VM+30MON; 25VM+30MON; 34VM+ 30MON e 34VM. In the phase of adaptation was no statistical (P>0.05) in body weight initial, body weight final, and average daily gain. Already to dry matter intake have the statistical difference (P<0.05) to compare 30MON vs 34MON e 34VM vs 34VM+30MON, in the phase adaptation the dose association 34VM+30MON have the smaller dry matter intake. In Exp. 2, 15 Nellore bulls with ruminal cannula were used in a randomized complete block design with 5 treatments and 3 replicates. Animals were blocked by initial body weight. The animals were kept in individual pens for 35 days has received the same diet to Exp.1. The sample liquid ruminal was collected in days 0, 7, 14, 21, and 28 for evaluation pH, VFA, N-NH3, and protozoan. After this period was realized the digestibility. The values of pH, NH3-N, and VFA were no differences (P>0.05) for contrast and linear and quadratic regression, except for acetic acid concentration that was difference (P<0.05). The protozoa concentration total had effect in contrast 34VM vs 34VM+30MON (P<0.05), being that the dose 34VM provide more concentration. In the Exp.3 sixty cattle (Bos taurus) were randomized complete block design with 6 treatments and 10 replicates was used. The treatments were corn grain reconstituted with water until they reach to final moisture concentrations of 27 (HMC27%), 30 (HMC30%), 33 (HMC33%), and 36% (HMC36%) and grains were allowed to ensile for 101 days. The steam-flaker corn and dry-rolled corn also were usually with treatment. Were no statistical difference (P<0.05) in performance the cattle confined for 89 days. Already in experiment in vitro the gas production the high moisture corn. To usually the high moisture corn in diet the cattle no increased the performance. Already the processing corn were availed in vitro, high moisture result in high fermentation and gas production.
Aditivos fitogênicos e ionóforos na degradabilidade da fibra e parâmetro metabólicos em bovinos
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2016-03-01) Almeida, Jean Sardinha de; Ferreira, Reginaldo Nassar; http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4787019Y5; Padua, João Teodoro; http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4721189P8; Pádua, João Teodoro; Taveira, Rodrigo Zaiden; Miyagi, Eliane Sayuri
The objective this paper was evaluate the inlcusion of crude extract of Croton urucurana Baillon or composed of essential oil of cashew and castorbean oil or monensin on the degradability of dry matter and fiber in vitro and dry matter in situ and fermentation ruminal metabolic parameters in beef cattle. The experiment was conducted in the Institute of Biological Sciences (ICB) and the School of Veterinary and Animal Science of the Federal University of Goiás – GO, from August 2015 until January 2016. There were four treatments through in vitro technique: control, monensin, Croton urucurana Baillon, biophytus (functional oil composed of cashew and castorbean), with five repetitions. Were evaluated the parameters of degradability of dry matter. Metabolic analysis and in situ was through four animals distributed in a Latin square, were measured glucose, urea, urea nitrogen in the blood, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, gamma glutamyl transpeptidase, albumin, total bilirubin and factions, creatinine, Total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, VLDL, triglyceride and lactate dehydrogenase. Ruminal parameters were determined by protozoa count, ammonia nitrogen, pH, short chain fatty acids, bacterial reductive activity. The experimental design was completely at random. The data were submitted to analysis of variance and compared by Tukey test at 5% probability. The treatments did not increase the IVDMD (P> 0.05). There was no significant effect (P> 0.05) of the treatments on in vitro degradation parameters of DM and NDF in all evaluated times. For MS degradability in situ parameters, there was a significant effect (P <0.05) between treatments for soluble and effective degradation fraction with 2% by pass rate. The DM intake, had significant difference (P <0.05) between treatments, with lower consumption for monensin with admission was independent of diet type, either directly via the rumen cannula, it can be show that the lower consumption of diet with monensin supplementation is not by means of sensory but physiological and metabolic mechanisms. There was no significant effect (P> 0.05) for pH between treatments, but the collections after feeding was significant (P <0.05) monensin treatment, occurring up before feeding up two hours. Acetic acid levels were significant (P <0.05) for the hours of collection. The levels of butyric acid was affected by treatments (P <0.05) and not the hours of collection (P> 0.05). The concentrations of AST, GGT, LDH FA and was not affected by treatments (P> 0.05). The inclusion of essential oils, Croton urucurana Baillon and monensin in beef cattle diets hay base has not improved the evaluated parameters. The effective degradability of dry matter had better results with the inclusion of functional oils composed cashews and castorbeans. The intake was influenced by monensin and functional oil in addition the fuction of the two are similar, can be used one over the other.

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