Mestrado em Ciência Política (FCS)
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Navegando Mestrado em Ciência Política (FCS) por Assunto "Ativismo"
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Item Hegemonia em transição: um estudo histórico-político sobre o campo da esquerda no Brasil contemporâneo (2003-2018)(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2018-11-27) Benedito, Sérgio Mendonça; Tavares, Francisco Mata Machado; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2283526225862308; Tavares, Francisco Mata Machado; Bianchi, Alvaro; Maciel, DavidThis dissertation aimed to investigate if a new hegemony is emerging in the field of the Brazilian political left. By following the demonstrations of June 2013 and its immediate developments we saw a growing friction between the leftist collective actors, one part aligned with the Workers’ Party (PT) government – such as the Workers’ Unitary Union (CUT) and the Movement of Landless Rural Workers’ (MST) – and others who have organized themselves in recent years to oppose the moderate political project of the PT – such as the United Socialist Workers’ Party (PSTU), the Homeless Workers’ Movement (MTST), and the Socialism and Liberty Party (PSOL). On the one hand, the discrediting of the hegemonic left, centered on the PT, both in the ideological field and in society as a whole became more evident – given the limitations of the governments of Lula and Dilma in promoting a more prosperous, less unequal, violent and corrupt society. On the other hand, the left opposition, which was strengthened in the PT era by the engagement of a new generation of militants, played an important role in popular mobilization until the peak of the June protests. Having made this diagnosis, we asked whether there was a change in the balance of forces in the field, the possibility of a new hegemony, and the future of the left from those events. This qualitative research was based on the historiographic method and documentary analysis. Its theoretical foundations are found mostly in the work of Antonio Gramsci, from which we extract the categories for the study of political matters in a historical perspective. After a bibliographical survey on the beginnings of the New Republic, the constitution of PT’s hegemony and their presidential governments between 2003 and 2016, we dedicated ourselves to investigate the documents and resolutions issued by the collective actors until 2018 in order to characterize them and to understand their connections, affinities and rejections. Twenty-two organizations were selected according to the criterion of hegemonic potential, in a few words, those that participated in the current crisis of the left and are involved in the struggle for the direction of the field – in line with our gramscian referential. From this effort it was possible to conclude that the PT’s hegemony still holds despite all the setbacks in the post-2013 period and the growing activity of the left opposition. The latter, with the role of PSOL and MTST, became more influential and offered a great contribution to renew, pluralize the militancy and insert the newly politicized generations. In short, hegemony in the leftist field is still in dispute, without any indication of the ascendancy of an alternative direction. Its future will depend on those collectives who, jointly, are able to overcome fragmentation, indicate a new strategic horizon and guide the dispute in the society midst of a democracy in recession.Item Anonimato, redes e política: uma cartografia do ativismo cypherpunk no Brasil(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2015-05-18) Sobreira, Rodrigo de Oliveira; Joo, Carlos Ugo Santander; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8838030644558019; Joo, Carlos Ugo Santander; Bezerra, Heloísa Dias; Leal, Sayonara de Amorim GonçalvesTechnological advances from the information revolution have affected various fields of human life. New forms of interaction in productive ways. The internet is one of the cornerstones of this process. The popularization of the web, since the 1990s, was accompanied by a growing concern by governments and scholars about its consequences. The political activism has found on technology, since the 1980s, new forms of expression and action. In the early twenty-first century, the process of radicalization of some movements and the debate on society of control and surveillance has intensified. The Wikileaks organization and the NSA’s (National Security Agency) documents leaked by Edward Snowden, for example, have shown the power and relevance of such groups. Thus, this study aims to assess and map the impact of this type of activism in Brazil. Since this is an exploratory research, the cartographic methodology will be used in order to provide an overview of cypherpunk activism in Brazil. We have chosen the cartographic methodology to present an overview of the impact of cypherpunks’ discourse in Brazil. The research tries to find the main disseminators of speech and action and understanding this process as a constant construction. This methodology allows both the treatment of robust data, obtained through mining in networks, as a qualitative analysis of data from documentary sources. In addition to the theoretical discussion, this work operates with data mining in social networks, especially Twitter. The goal is to obtain primary data on the subject in Brazil. Thus, data mining software capture tweets (yourTwapperKeeper) with keywords determined by theoretical discussion. Then the data are processed and entered into a visualization software (Gephi) that generates the "map" of the network and debate.Item Democracia feita na rua: uma investigação sobre o impacto de protestos por mobilidade urbana, no brasil, na definição de agenda governamental(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2016-06-30) Veloso , Ellen Ribeiro; Tavares , Francisco Mata Machado; http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K47508 87H9; Trindade , Thiago Aparecido; Saddi, Fabiana da CunhaThis study aims to reconcile two areas in Political Science whose interplay among themselves is a largely unexplored subject in this literature: contentious politics and public policy. Further, it aims at investigating in theoretic grounds the impact of activist practices in governmental agenda setting, and empirically the conditions in which local protests claiming urban mobility affected the bus fare policy in Brazilian capitals. First of all, it promoted an theoretical investigation on (1) the relationship between activism and Political Science, (2) the dynamics of protests in studies of power and politics and (3) the role of activism on policymaking. Lastly, the study empirically researches the conditions in which the bus fare was reduced or not in seven Brazilian cities (Belém, Belo Horizonte, Goiânia, Manaus, Natal, Porto Alegre, and Salvador), considering it was a claim sustained in street protests around all Brazilian capitals that increased public transportation fare. The period of analysis were the years 2012 and 2013. Regarding the methodology, we employed Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA) to comprehend the multiple conjunctural causation concerning protests and fare policy. The obtained results showed that diverse configurations produced the outcome of interest (fare reduction) and some conditions as hosting the World Cup 2014 and presenting hightest municipal human development index education stood out among others for the cases analysed.