Programa de Pós-graduação em Zootecnia
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Item Adição de enzimas em dietas de frangos de corte a base de milho de diferentes qualidades(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2020-03-31) Andrade, Tiago Vieira de; Stringhini, José Henrique; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8505634095383289; Café, Marcos Barcellos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9860968235125158; Café, Marcos Barcellos; Mascarenhas, Alessandra Gimenez; Arnhold, Emmanuel; Carvalho, Genilson Bezerra de; Fortes, Bruno Duarte AlvesThe nutritional quality of stored corn grains is of paramount importance to formulate more efficient diets, given that corn grains with low nutritional value, trigger metabolic disturbances and consequently negative effects on the performance and use of nutrients in birds. Thus, the objective was to evaluate the effect of the addition of exogenous enzymes in diets of broilers based on corn kernels of different qualities. with 696 birds of the Cobb 500 strain. In experiments 1 and 3, with the purpose of evaluating performance at 1, 7, 21, 35 and 42 days of age and intestinal histomorphometry at 21 and 42 days of age, 600 chicks were used 1 day old males. In experiments 2 and 4, metabolism assays were carried out with 96 14-day old male chicks from experiment 1 and 3 to estimate the metabolizable energy values of corn of different qualities with the inclusion of exogenous enzymes and mycotoxin adsorbent in diets for broilers. In all experiments, a completely randomized design (DIC) was used, distributed in a factorial arrangement (2x2), with experiment 1 and 2 being the addition or not of the XAP enzyme blend (Xylanase, Amylase and Protease) and two types of corn (types 1 and 3), and for experiment 3 and 4 with or without the addition of mycotoxin adsorbent and with or without the addition of the enzymatic blend. It was observed that the birds that consumed type 1 corn with enzyme had higher average weight and better feed conversion. It was observed that the birds that consumed diets containing enzyme showed better digestibility for the values of EMAn, EMA and CMMS in the period of 17 to 21 days. It was observed that birds that consumed type 1 corn with enzyme showed better intestinal development for height of the jejunum and ileum up to 21 days of age. There was a reduction in uric acid and AST for birds that consumed type 1 corn with enzyme. There was a reduction (p <0.05) in LDH for birds that consumed type 1 corn. There was a higher (p <0.05) average weight for birds that consumed diets containing enzyme and adsorbent in the period from 1 to 7 days . In conclusion, it can be said that birds that consumed type 1 corn with enzyme showed good performance, carcass yield, use of nutrients and intestinal development.Item Óleo-resina de copaíba e extrato de barbatimão na dieta de poedeiras comerciais infectadas por Escherichia coli(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2015-04-17) Barbosa, Aleane Francisca Cordeiro; Café, Marcos Barcellos; http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4721288T1; Andradae, Maria Auxiliadora; http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4780227J3; Leandro, Nadja Susana Mogyca; http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4785461T6; Leandro, Nadja Susana Mogyca; Rodrigues, kênia Ferreira; Stringhini, José HenriqueThe present study was performed to evaluate the supplementation of copaiba oleo resin or barbatimão extract in the diet of laying hens challenged with Escherichia coli. A total of 200 Isa Brown laying hens (64-76 weeks old) were used, and all the birds were intravaginally inoculated with 0.5 mL of 0.85% sterile saline solution containing 8.8 x 109 CFU / mL of Escherichia coli. It was adopted the randomized complete block design (birds weight used as block criteria), with four treatments and five replicates of 10 birds. The treatments consisted of: basal diet without additives (control); basal diet + 30 mg / kg of antibiotic (halquinol); basal diet + 30 mg / kg of copaiba oleo resin and basal diet + 40 mg / kg barbatimão extract. The experiment lasted three periods of 28 days. At the end of each period, the performance and the external and internal egg quality were evaluated as the search for the presence of Escherichia coli in eggs; and at the end of the total period, the search for Escherichia coli in ovarian follicles and oviduct. Data were subjected to analysis of variance and means, when necessary, were compared by Tukey test (5%). For the Escherichia coli searching in eggs, follicles and oviduct, it was applied descriptive analysis (absolute and relative frequency). The inclusion of 40 mg / kg diet of barbatimão extract lead to worse feed conversion than the control treatment and decreased egg production compared to antibiotic treatment. The addition of 30 mg / kg diet of copaiba oleo resin did not influence the hens performance. The use of barbatimão extract lead to production of heavier eggs, and worse shell thickness and internal quality (UH) when compared to antibiotic treatment. Egg weight, the albumen percentage and the yolk index in the treatment with copaiba oleo resin were better than those of antibiotic treatment. However, the inclusion of copaiba oleo resin resulted in a lower yolk percentage when compared to antibiotic treatment. There was a lower frequency of isolation of Escherichia coli in intra-vaginal swabs samples from treatment with copaiba. The inclusion of barbatimão or copaiba provided lower frequency of isolation of E. coli in ovarian follicles in relation to antibiotic treatment. There was a lower frequency of isolation of E. coli in the oviduct with the addition of barbatimão extract when compared to antibiotic treatment. The treatment with copaiba oleo resin showed higher frequency of isolation of E. coli in the oviduct than the other treatments. The use of copaiba oleo resin or barbatimão extract resulted in lower frequency of isolation of Escherichia coli in the shell, albumen and yolk samples, in relation to antibiotic treatment. The inclusion of copaiba oleo resin may be an alternative to antibiotics in laying hens commercial diets.Item Gel nutritivo e simbiótico para frangos de corte(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2018-12-15) Castejon, Fernanda Vieira; Café, Marcos Barcellos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9860968235125158; Andrade, Maria Auxiliadora; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9441751521255467; Stringhini, José Henrique; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8505634095383289; Stringhini, José Henrique; Laboissière, Michele; Rocha, Fernanda Rodrigues Taveira; Santos, Bruno Moreira dos; Pôrto, Regiani Nascimento GagnoTwo experiments aimed to evaluate the association between a nutritive gel and synbiotic, offered on different days and pharmaceutical formulations in face of the situations of pre-allotment fasting and sanitary challenge. At the first trial, the synbiotic supplementation associated to the nutritive gel were evaluated at the performance of broilers, nutrient metabolizability, intestinal histomorphometry, blood biochemistry, organ morphometry and carcass traits in chicks submitted to fasting. The treatments were: CN - negative control; G - nutritive gel in the hatchery; GS - synbiotic dissolved in the nutritive gel; GSS - synbiotic dissolved in the nutritive gel+synbiotic offered in drinking water on specific days and S - only synbiotic, on specific days, in the water. Significant differences were observed on 7, 21, 28 and 35 days of age, with higher values for the G, GS and GSS treatments, as well as higher metabolizable values for the ether extract. There were no differences of total intestinal length or segments, but the relative weight of some organs differed between treatments. Carcass yield were not influenced by the treatments. In the second experiment, the objective was to evaluate the synbiotic supplementation associated with nutritional gel in mortality, lesion scores, oocyst excretion, litter quality, zootechnical performance and organ morphometry in chickens challenged with E. acervulina, E tenella and E. maxima. The treatments were: CP - positive control; GSA - synbiotic dissolved in the nutritive gel in the hatchery and supply, of synbiotic in the water on specific days; GSR - synbiotic dissolved in the nutritive gel in the hatchery+ continuous use of synbiotic in the diet and SAL - anticoccidial salinomycin added in the diet. Higher absolute mortality in all treatments was observed in the third experimental week and higher total mortality was found in the CP group. No differences were found for intestinal lesions, oocyst excretion, pH and dry matter of the bed between treatments. Some differences were found between relative weight of organs at the ages evaluated. Better overall performance was observed in the SAL group. It is concluded that in the pre-accommodation fasting situation, the early supplementation of nutritive gel associated or not to the synbiotic can stimulate or contribute to the functional development of the gastrointestinal tract, which was reflected in better performance and metabolizability. Under the conditions of the second experiment, the same observed benefits of the use of the gel associated or not to the synbiotic were not observed, since no improvement could be verified in the evaluated parameters, so the use of anticoccidial in the diet should still be recommended.Item Efeito antioxidante do subproduto da goiaba na dieta de frangos sobre o desempenho e a qualidade de carne(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2015-07-09) Oliveira, Maryelle Durães de; Mascarenhas, Alessandra Gimenez; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9082632592936909; Mello, Heloisa Helena de Carvalho; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5510965166352073; Mello , Heloisa Helena de Carvalho; Rocha, Fernanda Rodrigues Taveira; Leandro , Nadja Susana MogycaAn experiment was conducted with the objective of evaluating the antioxidant potential by product Guava as nutritional additive in broiler rations aimed at improving intestinal integrity, metabolism of nutrients, the growth performance of animals and the meat quality . 288 female chicks were housed, Cobb500 lineage, with one day old galvanized wire batteries. The experimental design was completely randomized, consisting of four treatments (0%, 0.5%, 1.0% and 1.5% of guava byproduct.) And six replicates of 12 birds / cage each. The diets were isonutritives. The feeding program comprised two phases: pre-starter feed (1 to 7 days old), starter (8 to 21 days of age). The byproduct of guava was added to the basal diet replacing starches. The final weight was measured, the weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion at 21 days of age. The metabolizability of the dry matter and nitrogen was assessed in metabolic assays conducted from 17 to 21 days of age. At 21 days of age were sacrificed for the collection chest, thigh and drumstick to the analysis of colorimetry, pH and reactive substance to thiobarbituric acid (TBARS) and fragments duodenum, jejunum and ileum were collected for preparation of histological slides, and later , measurements of villus height and crypt depth of the intestinal mucosa. The data were submitted to ANOVA and mean test, was adopted α = 0.05%. Guava byproduct did not improve the performance of the birds, and did not harm any of the variables studied. The pH of the colorimetrically and breast and thigh were not influenced by the use of guava byproduct. There was less TBARS value, indicating lipid oxidation of lower thigh meat, the inclusion of 1.5% of byproduct of Guava that was statistically similar to include 0.5 to 1.0%, which shows the characteristic antioxidant guava. There was no influence of guava byproduct levels used to average values of TBARS in the breast meat samples. There was no significant difference (p> 0.05) between treatments for the villi height variables, crypt depth and villus / crypt of the duodenum and jejunum. It is observed significant result for depth variables crypt and villus: crypt. For metabolizing analysis of nutrients in all studied variables obtained significant differences (p> 0.05).Item Complexos enzimáticos em rações para frangos de corte(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2016-03-17) Santos Neto, Lindolfo Dorcino dos; Carvalho, Fabyola Barros de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4936451314440305; Stringhini, José Henrique; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8505634095383289; Café, Marcos Barcellos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9860968235125158; Café, Marcos Barcellos; Laboissière, Michele; Leandro, Nadja Susana MogycaThe objective of study was to evaluate the combination of different enzyme complexes on animal performance, digestibility nutrient based on corn and soybean meal and on the biochemical characteristics of these complexes. The first experiment was used randomized design with 7 treatments and 6 replicates, 30 birds per repetition, a total of 1,260 birds a day old. The treatments were treatment 1: Basal diet; Treatment 2: Basal diet with addition of complex A (phytase, protease, xylanase, beta-glucanase, cellulase, amylase, pectinase) + B complex (protease and cellulase); Treatment 3: Basal diet with addition of complex A + complex B + enzyme (α-galactosidase); Treatment 4: Basal diet with addition of complex A + α-galactosidase; Treatment 5: Basal diet with addition of complex C (xylanase, amylase, protease) + Phytase B and α-galactosidase; Treatment 6: Basal diet with addition of complex C + Phytase C + α-galactosidase; Treatment 7: Basal diet with addition of complex C + Phytase D + α-galactosidase. The performance characteristics and carcass yield and statistical analysis were evaluated with the R software using the Tukey test at 5% probability. The treatments 3 and 5 improvement in the average final weight, weight gain and feed conversion (p <0.05) at seven days of age and the average final weight and gain weight at 14 days of age. There were no significant differences (p> 0.05) in the other stages between the groups and the carcass yield and cuts made in two birds from each experimental unit at 42 days old.The second experiment used 112 birds with 25 days of age, being held the total collection of excreta from 28 to 32 days old. It used the same treatments in the first experiment. Nitrogen analysis was performed, ether extract, crude energy and dry matter. From these data was performed to analyze statistically the R software using the Tukey test at 5% probability. No significant differences were observed (p> 0.05) for the CMMS, CMN, EMAn, BN with the inclusion of enzyme complexes, as for CMEE significant differences (p <0.05), demonstrating the treatments 2 and 4 with greater efficiency in metabolizing ether extract. The third experiment analyzed the samples of each product used in In Vivo experiments were carried out a number of enzymatic assays. These data was performed to analyze statistically the R software using the Tukey test at 5% probability. There were statistically significant differences (p <0.05) for the total protein assay, reducing sugar and β-1,3-glucanase assays, xylanase, CMCase, FPase, amylase, pectinase, acid phosphatase and protease. The complexes A, B, C and the enzyme α – gal shown in most of these assays described the specific and higher enzymatic activity, these results that can be related to the performance results found in the 1 at 7 and 1 at 14 days.