Navegando por Assunto "fitoterapia"
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Item Mastite subclínica: patógenos isolados e respectiva sensibilidade antimicrobiana, variação da contagem de células somáticas e fatores de risco(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2010-02-25) COSTA, Anna Carolina da; NICOLAU, Edmar Soares; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9601723963736071; JAYME, Valéria de Sá; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0603234425928309; ANDRADE, Maria Auxiliadora; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9441751521255467This study was conducted on 12 dairy farms and in laboratories Bacteriology and Quality of Milk, both of the School of Veterinary Medicine Federal University of Goias objective of this study to characterize the microorganisms in milk from cows with subclinical mastitis and relate the pathogens identified with the variation of cell count somatic (CCS), also identify the risk factors and the likely sources of infection to subclinical mastitis, by visual observations, application of questionnaires, by isolation and identification of pathogens from the hands of milkers, swabs and solutions liners and pre posdipping. The profile sensitivity to key antimicrobial and bactericidal effect of the extract of Calendula officinalis has been determined on the pathogens isolated in most cases subclinical mastitis in herds. To evaluate the variation of CCS in relation to the pathogens involved, we used analysis of frequency and Chi-square, and the risk factors were analyzed for Logistic regression to test associations between variables and increased CCS. It was found that agents with higher frequency of isolation were S. aureus (28.8% of samples), E. coli (19.8%) and Enterobacter spp. (11.3%). CCS average herd was approximately 875 x 103cél/mL, and the type etiologic agent of a significant influence on the variation in SCC. It was found that S. aureus and Streptococcus spp. were responsible for greater increase in SCC, with an average of 1192 x 1174 x 103cél/mL and 103cél/mL, respectively. This variation was significantly higher (p <0.05) when compared to the average SCC in milk were the other isolates microorganisms: S. coagulase negative, Pseudomonas spp., E. coli and Enterobacter spp. It was found that the risk factors that showed significant association with increased SCC were unsatisfactory hygiene environment and milker, inadequate drying of the teats, and factors related to milking equipment, such as poor maintenance and inadequate cleaning. The hands of the milkers and the sets of liners were able to convey both the infectious agents as the environment, important in epidemiology of bovine mastitis. It was also concluded that the extract of marigold showed bactericidal activity in vitro against S. aureus isolates, and antimicrobial agents used showed variation in the spectrum of sensitivity.Item Reparação de feridas cutâneas incisionais em coelhos após tratamento com barbatimão e quitosana(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2010-02-25) Lima, Caroline Rocha de Oliveira; SANTIN, Ana Paula Iglesias; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2059115299287800; PAULA, José Realino de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3191837532986128; SILVA, Luiz Antônio Franco da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0446055905975647In veterinary medicine, skin injuries represent a significant casuistry and require expensive therapies, considerable recovery time and often lead to unfavorable resolution. To establish an effective therapeutic protocol it is essential that the professional has a solid knowledge of the healing dynamic, as its phases, triggered events, features, as well as about the biological potential of the healing process coadjutants. Regarding these ones, it is known that phytotherapy has a wide range of botanical specimens with healing potential, and, among them, the barbatiman, native species of the Brazilian cerrado, by its antiseptic and astringent activities, becomes an attractive option for skin injures therapies. The chitosan biomaterial also has potential as coadjutant of the process, once it accelerates the triggering of the healing stages by its immunomodulatory property. To clarify the mechanism proposed by these agents, numerous tests are developed using laboratory animals, in order to give reliability to the therapy modality established. To follow clinical evolution in vivo, the clinical examination becomes essential, while morphometric analysis provide accurate data regarding the percentage of centripetal contraction of the lesions. Finally, the microscopic analysis is used to analyze the ultrastructure of the injured site, predominant kinds of cells in each stage and microscopic events triggered on the search for the morphofunctional restoration of the affected tissue. Considering it, with the development of this study it was aimed to evaluate the activity of 5% barbatiman cream (CB) and 5% chitosan cream (CQ) based therapeutic formulations, on the healing process of incisional skin wounds undergone healing by secondary intention, with rabbit as experimental model. In the first chapter it was performed a wide and detailed literature review about the topic of the study, which involved description of the target tissue, skin, hysiopathology of the healing process, barbatiman phytotherapic and chitosan biomaterial activities as healing coadjutants, use of laboratory animals in scientific research and evaluation methods of skin therapies. In the second chapter, it was tested the therapeutic activity of CB and CQ on healing of incisional cutaneous wounds with rabbit as experimental model, by daily clinical evaluation and morphometric analysis performed on days three, seven, 14 and 21 post-injury. There were performed four wounds on each animal, totaling 40 rabbits. Daily, all lesions of each animal received a specific topical therapy, which lasted for 21 consecutive days. First, we performed the antiseptic with 0.9% sodium chloride solution e and further applied treatment protocols themselves. In one of the protocols employed in cream barbatiman (CQ) in another cream chitosan (QC), and these were formulations tests. In the third protocol was the use of allantoin cream (positive control) and finally the cream neutral vehicle (negative control I). In other injury effected only without topical antiseptic and associated 0.9% sodium chloride solution (negative control II). The results showed that the CB and CQ contributed to the satisfactory progress of the healing process. Although there has been no statistical differences in the contraction percentage between the two treatments (CB and CQ), it was clinically observed that the wounds treated with CB showed better clinical responses than CQ. In the third chapter it was comparatively performed, by clinical and microscopic evaluations, the analysis of the action of CQ and CB in the wounds of the same animals that received the treatments from chapter two. For histological analysis, there were considered the predetermined period for morphometry and the samples were evaluated regarding the prevalence of polymorphic and mononuclear infiltrate, presence of necrosis, crust, granulation tissue, fibroplasia, angiogenesis, collagenization and skin reepithelialization. From the results obtained it can be affirmed that the activities attributed to barbatiman and chitosan contributed similarly to the satisfactory progress of the healing process, once both treatments did not differ significantly for any parameter considered in this study. It is suggested that therapeutic protocols chitosan and barbatiman based provided acute inflammation reduction, as much as promoted fibroblast activation, early development of connective tissue, neovascularization and tissue reepithelialization, providing proved effective and economically viable alternatives in the healing process.