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Item Mastite subclínica: patógenos isolados e respectiva sensibilidade antimicrobiana, variação da contagem de células somáticas e fatores de risco(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2010-02-25) COSTA, Anna Carolina da; NICOLAU, Edmar Soares; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9601723963736071; JAYME, Valéria de Sá; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0603234425928309; ANDRADE, Maria Auxiliadora; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9441751521255467This study was conducted on 12 dairy farms and in laboratories Bacteriology and Quality of Milk, both of the School of Veterinary Medicine Federal University of Goias objective of this study to characterize the microorganisms in milk from cows with subclinical mastitis and relate the pathogens identified with the variation of cell count somatic (CCS), also identify the risk factors and the likely sources of infection to subclinical mastitis, by visual observations, application of questionnaires, by isolation and identification of pathogens from the hands of milkers, swabs and solutions liners and pre posdipping. The profile sensitivity to key antimicrobial and bactericidal effect of the extract of Calendula officinalis has been determined on the pathogens isolated in most cases subclinical mastitis in herds. To evaluate the variation of CCS in relation to the pathogens involved, we used analysis of frequency and Chi-square, and the risk factors were analyzed for Logistic regression to test associations between variables and increased CCS. It was found that agents with higher frequency of isolation were S. aureus (28.8% of samples), E. coli (19.8%) and Enterobacter spp. (11.3%). CCS average herd was approximately 875 x 103cél/mL, and the type etiologic agent of a significant influence on the variation in SCC. It was found that S. aureus and Streptococcus spp. were responsible for greater increase in SCC, with an average of 1192 x 1174 x 103cél/mL and 103cél/mL, respectively. This variation was significantly higher (p <0.05) when compared to the average SCC in milk were the other isolates microorganisms: S. coagulase negative, Pseudomonas spp., E. coli and Enterobacter spp. It was found that the risk factors that showed significant association with increased SCC were unsatisfactory hygiene environment and milker, inadequate drying of the teats, and factors related to milking equipment, such as poor maintenance and inadequate cleaning. The hands of the milkers and the sets of liners were able to convey both the infectious agents as the environment, important in epidemiology of bovine mastitis. It was also concluded that the extract of marigold showed bactericidal activity in vitro against S. aureus isolates, and antimicrobial agents used showed variation in the spectrum of sensitivity.Item Estudo da etiologia das principais bactérias isoladas de mastite bovina em rebanhos leiteiros de propriedades rurais de Goiás(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2012-03-02) MARTINS, Juliana Dias; MESQUITA, Albenones José de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3180029815183858; OLIVEIRA, Antonio Nonato de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8261502405023882; NICOLAU, Edmar Soares; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9601723963736071The bovine mastitis consists of an inflammation of the mammary gland, with acute to chronic evolution, which occurs when an infectious agent attacks the mammary gland. It is characterized by physical, chemical and sensory alterations of the milk, caused by microorganisms that invade the mammary gland and cause pathological changes in the glandular tissue. Mastitis can be classified according to the form of presentation as clinical or subclinical. Several symptoms are observed in the clinical form of the disease such as the secretion of milk with lumps, pus or watery aspect, and edemaciated stiff and febrile teats and udder. On the other hand, no symptoms can be observed in the mammary gland and milk in subclinical cases. Mastitis is a major cause of economic losses in dairy cattle farms, mainly due to reduced milk production, changes in the composition and increased somatic cell count (CCS). The objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of the main bacteria that cause (clinical and subclinical) bovine mastitis, and to check the sensitivity to various antimicrobial agents of clinical mastitis. The agents most frequently isolated from clinical mastitis were Streptococcus uberis and Staphylococcus aureus and the antibiogram demonstrated greater sensitivity and efficacy of the active principles linezolid, amikacin, gentamicin and imipenen regarding the isolated agents. In subclinical mastitis Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus uberis and Staphylococcus sp. Were the agents most frequently identified and that determined the highest mean values of CCS. The average CCS of cows with subclinical mastitis was approximately 743 x 103 cs/mL. The study was conducted in eight dairy farms in the State of Goiás. The results were obtained by frequency analysis. In conclusion, that the results emphasize the importance of assessing the sensitivity profile of microorganisms that cause clinical mastitis in each herd studied allowing greater precision in medication prescription for future cases of clinical mastitis and for dry cow therapy. The use of other techniques such as real time PCR is also important for the detection of the main microorganisms causin subclinical mastitis, which can be indicated as a routine method, due to its specificity, providing a precise bacteriological diagnosis.