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Possíveis paralelismos entre Os trabalhos os dias de Hesíodo e a República de Platão
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2018-08-30) Aguiar, Heloíse Cardoso da Silva; Palacios, José Gonzalo Armijos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0006749804556965; Palacios, José Gonzalo Armijos; Matos Júnior, Fábio Amorim de; Seneda, Marcos César
In Plato's Republic books II and III, Plato examines the poets' methods and their effects before the public, and in doing so concludes that they are not compatible with his educational goal, as they oppose his ethical conception and political project. However, when we read the poem Works and Days, we find a discourse that seeks to ground human action in an absolute conception of justice. And precisely because of this, it provides an important background for the construction of the conception of justice present in the Republic. Hence, this dissertation intends to establish parallelisms between the conception of justice of the poet Hesiod and the one Plato presents in the Republic with the objective of determining if, in fact, the poet's conception is so opposed to that of the philosopher as he presents it in the mentioned dialogue.
Os caminhos argumentativos para a unidade das virtudes no Protágoras de Platão: uma perspectiva ética
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2018-08-29) Albuquerque, João Victor; Moscateli, Renato; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8852962822237051; Borges, Anderson de Paula; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2037539775539289; Borges, Anderson de Paula; Júnior, Fábio Amorim de Matos; Bragança, Vitor Mauro Ferreira de Romariz
The present text will address the theme about the unity of virtue in Plato's Protagoras dialogue. The question that will be analyzed is limited to understanding the argumentative paths used by Socrates for the refutation of the sophist Protagoras with his perspective of unity of virtue. Another point that will be approached as a reflection of this analysis will be the understanding of the unity thesis between the virtues - justice, piety, courage, wisdom and wisdom - that the philosopher establishes.
A vitória do animal laborans e do declínio do espaço público em Hannah Arendt
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2018-08-30) Alcântara, Pedro Vinícius Dias; Silva, Adriano Correia; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7465568204123045; Silva, Adriano Correia; Moscateli, Renato; Aguiar, Odílio Alves
As a voice that still resonates in contemporaneity, Hannah Arendt has a prestigious place for us to think about the political crisis in the current context. The present work aims to explore the decline of public space and the obscuring of the meaning of politics from the modern phenomenon called by Arendt as the victory of animal laborans. This phenomenon can be summarized as the glorification of work activity in the modern world, promoting a dynamic of life shaped by the search for meaning from work/consumption. In this sense, Arendt offers a phenomenology of the activities that make up the human condition, namely, the activity of labor, work; action, being conditions for life, worldliness and plurality, respectively. A journey through the meaning of these activities is our first goal. Secondly, we will analyze the rise of labor (animal laborans) as a condition of existence for a way of life in modernity, as well as the consequences for the disappearance of the public space. With the victorious animal laborans, there is the establishment of a society that privileges the private to the detriment of the public, generating alienation from the world of human affairs and life itself in common. The crisis of the politics generated by the alienation of the world and the superfluity of life will be the theme of the last chapter of this dissertation.
Democracia e liberdade a legitimidade do governo, segundo Jean-Jacques Rousseau
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2010-08-28) ALVES, Vital Francisco Celestino; REIS, Helena Esser dos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1045681574037243
Even though Rousseau had stated that democracy is a gods regime and that such form of government is surrounded by difficulties, mainly regarding its conservation, Rousseau notably is not an oppose of this model, but he recognizes and points out the most recurrent problems of the democratic government. Nevertheless, as he carries out the exceptional function of a legislator in Corsica, when he operates the transition between the political theory and the practice, he surprised us suggesting that country should govern itself democratically. With this at sight, the present dissertation aims at investigating the issue: Democracy and Liberty the legitimacy of the government, according to Jean-Jacques Rousseau . In this sense, it will investigate three topics, which are considered essential for the understanding of the object of this research. First, the political fundamentals for the sustaining of the concept of sovereignty, that is, this study will investigate the social pact and the notion of liberty; second, it will examine the political difficulties of the government, or else, it will focus in dealing with two actions: the one which decrees and the one which institutes the government; and this research will highlight the tensions in the relation between the private and the general will, and finally, it will analyze the legitimacy of the democracy, that is, it will analyze the rousseauist concept of democracy, the conditions of possibility to have this model of government established and its practical execution from The Corsican Constitution Project experience. The investigation of these three topics has allowed it to verify that the legitimacy of democracy depends, mainly, on its configuration as the source of the sovereign or of the legitimate body politic, leading its actions accordingly to the general will.
A questão da história em Martin Heidegger
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2018-08-17) Amaral, Antônio Henrique Paz do; Almeida, Fábio Ferreira de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3543790024810464; Almeida, Fábio Ferreira de; Christino, Daniel; Kirchner, Renato
Martin Heidegger did not make a philosophy of history on the side of a philosophy of language, man or being. Nevertheless, the thematic of history was very relevant to his thought, which has always aspired to a unifying totality around the question of the meaning of being. What is the condition of possibility of history? What makes us historical beings? This question is the one that Heidegger calls in Being and Time, the question of the historicity of history. The starting point to think this question is found on the distinctive openness of Dasein to its proper temporality, articulated in three fundamental Ekstasis which unify themselves in the existential of care – in sequence of originality: advenient-future, essential-past and the instant-present. Assuming resolute in its Being-towards-death, the Dasein gives openness to the retrieval of past, as a repetition of utmost and most original possibilities buried by tradition. Another starting point is the questioning of history from the question of the meaning of nihilism and the death of God, which involve our epoch, through a attentive dialogue with Nietzsche’s work. So Heidegger understands our historicity since a essential remission to what that, in its late thinking phase, he calls “history of Being”.
Holismo e testabilidade de teorias científicas: uma análise da tese Duhem-Quine
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2005-10-28) Araújo, Marcus Renato Alves; Stein, Sofia Inês Albornoz; http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4785675E8; Stein, Sofia Inês Albornoz; Brito, Adriano Naves de; Araújo, Arthur
This is a study on Duhem-Quine thesis. Its purpose was to investigate epistemological differences and affinities between the holistic positions of Willard Quine and Pierre Duhem. This analysis showed that two quite different interpretations of Duhem-Quine thesis are possible: a weak version, argued by Duhem, and a strong version, more radical, argued by Quine in his article Two dogmas of empiricism. The study of holism, in this perspective, highlighted the importance of this subject to the Philosophy of Science and Language and how this approach can shed light on important philosophical issues, such as the relationship between scientific observations and theories; the thesis of the empirical underdetermination of theories; the theory-ladenness of observation sentences; the theory choice process; the inscrutability of reference; the theory of linguistic learning; among others.
O ocaso da noção de combinatória do Tractatus
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2016-11-21) Avendano, Diego de Souza; Porto, André da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3598537464598916; Porto, André da Silva; Soares, Araceli Rosich; Carvalho, Marcelo da Silva
The aim of this dissertation is outline the course by which the concept of rule "arises" in Wittgenstein's thought. I shall consider that the origin of the approach to the concept of "rule" lies in the rapid development of the author's thinking between 1929-1934. His immediate problem was to remedy the glaring error, presented by Ramsey, on the Tractarian remarks about the logical necessity. In order to correct this error, Wittgenstein introduces two major innovations with which he believes that can solve the problem and still preserve the rigid tractarian demarcation between logical truth and empirical truth. First, he will replace the combinatorial model underlying the natural language that prevailed in the Tractatus by a conception which he describes as a system of propositions (Satzsysteme), in which language would be considered as a complex system of autonomous propositional calculi. This change make possible preserves the thesis that all necessity is a logical necessity, however, it will be necessary to abandon the referential conception of meaning and the logical independence of elementary propositions. Thus, our proposal in this dissertation is to establish all aspects of the Tractarian philosophy that precede and sustain the proposal of language as correspondence, emphasizing that the abandonment shall result in changes such as: 1) a word has its meaning only in the context of its propositional system; 2) the meaning of any word is the totality of the rules governing its use in this system; 3) The meaning of a proposition is the method of its verification. Finally, in order to understand the context of these changes, it seems to be the case, that in one hand, we need to establish the essence and general form of the proposition in the Tractatus, and thereby elucidate some aspects of what are the essential traits of language and the world; On the other, to establish the limits and the scope of analysis, so we can understand its mutation outlined in accordance with the new criterion of sense – the rules – since what counts as the object of analysis will not be determined by a general form, but displayed by a “possible calculus”.
O governo dos homens na contemporaneidade: laicização do poder e subjetivação massificante
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2012-07-29) Barbosa, Aelton Leonardo Santos; Lopes, Adriana Delbó; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6600189022732543; Lopes, Adrina Delbó Lopes; Silva, Adriano Correia Silva; Ruiz, Castor Mari Martín Bartolomé
The objective is to determine the manner in which government of men is exercised in contemporary society. Nowadays, nations are organized according to the structure of liberal democracy, a late formation of the liberal discursive practice. Searching for contemporary liberal governmentality specificity, the text makes use of the genealogical method, thus breaking research on provenance and emergence of the object of study. Relying on the analysis of Friedrich Nietzsche and Michel Foucault - respectively, founder and improver of genealogical critique – it verifies what appear to unify its research hypotheses: first, the idea that power as exercised in modernity is the displacement and secularization of a originally religious natured relationship, and secondly, the assertion that, the historically identifiable process of subjects production, is a massification process; modernity would be marked, in an apparent paradox, by the fact that it has a massifying subjectification. The two genealogist philosophers express these theses with the complementary concepts of "herd morality", in the German case, and "pastoral power", in the French case, which refer respectively to the formation of the individual's psychological type of modernity and the incidence mechanisms of power over the bodies subject to it. Foucault notes, however, that in contemporaneity a transmutation of state power which took the model of political economy has changed the general outline of governmentality, from a normalization of the bodies to a regulation of populations: it is the dawn of biopolitics and liberal governmentality. Futhermore, recent decades seem to define itselves by the actual enrollment in new discursive practices, that from the human capital theory and also an update of the homo economicus concept, which only renew Nietzschean diagnosis of the "last man" hegemony
A ontologia fundamental heideggeriana em Ser e tempo
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2018-04-10) Barbosa, Alexandre Guedes; Almeida, Fábio Ferreira de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3543790024810464; Korelc, Martina; http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4776715Y9; Fernandes, Marcos Aurélio; Christino, Daniel; Almeida, Fábio Ferreira de
The Fundamental Ontology is the Heidegger’s project that aims, with the reaching of the sense of Being in general, to found all others possible ontologies since they are characterized by investigating of specifics ways of being. The overall goal of Being and Time (1927), Heidegger’s main work (1889-1976), aims to elaborate the authentic question about the sense of Being by reference to time as possible horizon for His understanding. When we reach this goal, we will be capable to identify the problem of the relationship that give meaning between time and Being, so get properly the understanding the Fundamental Ontology’s project. However, Being and Time was not entirely published in the year 1927, remaining in this state of incompleteness until the death of its author. In this way, our aim is understand if with pause established in the treatise, the general scope and consequently the Fundamental Ontology were compromised in your projects. We will see that the Dasein’s preparatory existential analytic can conduct us to the thematization of the temporality’s problem (temporalität) as condition of the possibility of the Being’s comprehension; and so, we can understanding that the Fundamental Ontology qua project began; and finally, that notwithstanding there are incompletion tasks we can understanding that Being and Time reached its general goal.
A Semiótica Geral de Nelson Goodman
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2010-08-30) BARBOSA, Carlos Eduardo Silva; PORTO, André da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3598537464598916
This work concerns of the notation concept by Nelson Goodman in the book Languages of Art. From a general approach to the language notion, the concept of notation is presented as an intermediary between the verbal languages and general communication. Goodman proposes an interesting theory about notation, whose principle relates to the need at providing means to identify plays. In this work the concept of Goodman and the criteria used to define the notational structure is going to be discussed and exemplified. Then this approach is applied in discussions case, music, chemistry, painting, electronic diagram, floor plan, especially in the "literature" of the (brazilian) movimento concretista
Hannah Arendt e o caso da política: do diálogo com a tradição à crítica do social
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2010-08-31) Barbosa, Daniel Silva; Silva, Adriano Correia; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7465568204123045; Correia, Adriano; Reis, Helena Esser dos; Carvalho, José Sérgio Fonseca de
This work examines the configuration of the modern society from the perspective of Hannah Arendt’ conceptions of the rise of society (or the social) and analyzes the repercussion and the consequences of that event for the politics. The emergency of society and the social question deflagrated the decadence of politics, and hence transformed it in the strict sphere of administration and government. In view of this, we reconsidered, of the Arendt’s point of view, the conflict among philosophy and politics, of which our tradition of political thought emerged, whose legacy for the Western was a numberless of prejudices in relation to the politics. We reconsidered yet the secondary character of the vita activa, from that traditional point of view. Such elements were important for the evaluation of our current judgments about politics, to which are added other prejudices originating from our more recent and disastrous political experiences, among the ones the most serious are the totalitarian regimes. These elements constitute the first chapter, whose central point are the Arendt’s dialogue and confrontation with tradition, that constitutes to us the condition sine qua non to think the other problems. Soon afterwards, in the second chapter, we judged pertinent to examine the activities of the vita activa and their location, the real domains where occur these activities, considering that the modern age, when promoting the activity of the labor to the highest dignity, turned stiller inoperative the experiences most esteemed in Antiquity: the political activity of the speech and the action. In the third chapter, in the first session, we examined what we named types of human associations, in order to search elements with which we were able to, in the next session, understand the new organization denominated society or what characterizes the social. The basic question was: what is the social? Where it is located? Another aspect analyzed was the social question that, for Arendt, was putted as main motto of the revolutionary movements in France and finally causes the bankrupt of the only modern attempts of establishing the power and the freedom. The reason for the which we ask about what is the social was linked to our hypothesis according to which the more alienated are ourselves in this sphere less we are capable to distinguish what is and which the sense of the politics and of the freedom – and, more important: what is in question when happens the decline of the politics? Finally, in the fourth and last chapter, we discussed – starting from the indication of the decline of politics and of his topos – the public-political domain: the place, or the non place, of the freedom in the current mass societies.
Sobre a moralidade do costume em Nietzsche: procedência, tradição, loucura
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2023-02-24) Barbosa, Lucas Romanowski; Vecchia, Ricardo Bazilio Dalla; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9476600097405010; Vecchia, Ricardo Bazilio Dalla; Paschoal, Antonio Edmilson; Lopes, Adriana Delbó
This research aims to investigate the details of the philosophical conception about the morality of custom process, an expression used by Nietzsche (1844-1900) for the first time in Daybreak (1881). This process brings considerations about morality, custom and tradition that are central elements in the articulation for the understanding of the theme. However, our starting point is given by aphorism 9 of the work of 1881, entitled concept of the morality of custom. What is first noticed, and this is what we defend, is the relevance of historical perception, at least not to allow oneself to be ensnared by the metaphysical webs of considerations on morality. In such a way that, by contrasting two moments at the beginning of §9, Nietzsche breaks with a very specific way of reflecting morality, which was seen as something intrinsic, natural and essential of the human being. Before announcing in his Genealogy of Morals (1887) that morality should be placed as a problem, already in Aurora this happens. The tension between community and individual, which permeates our entire text, exalts the mechanisms that one had to use to deal with the other, such as punishment: the individual is restrained in favor of the community. With the analysis of the morality of custom, or the origin of morality as obedience to customs, Nietzsche announces points that form the structure of our work: historical aspect, notions about morality, custom and tradition, the role of punishment in the tension between individual and community and, finally, the case of madness. This, as the possibility, but not the only one, of changing values, a crucial point that closes the argumentative movement, as we propose. Thus, offering a hypothesis about the origin of morality, Nietzsche reallocates a human, all too human conception back on the ways of history, deflating a metaphysical perspective that has been accepted since Plato.
Autointegração jurídica: uma reconstrução formal do problema das lacunas no direito
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2023-08-28) Barbosa, Matheus Gabriel; Schang, Fabien Georges Jacques; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7692539246816433; Schang, Fabien Georges Jacques; Serbena, César Antônio; Leite, Alexandre Fernandes Batista Costa
The concept of a legal gap is studied from various semantic methods and both formal and informal perspectives. Observing that heterointegrable legal gaps are the ones that effectively generate problems of incompleteness in law, the study investigates the use of closure rules as a tool to ensure the completeness of legal systems, starting with Bobbio’s idea of exclusive general norms. Considering that jurists envision two classical closure rules, the principle of permission and the principle of prohibition, Woleński’s work is used to evaluate these principles in light of SDL, concluding that this logic is unable to formally differentiate these two principles. From there, research is conducted on how various renowned authors (Raz, Alchourrón, Bulygin...) have formalized legal gaps, observed the completeness problem, and applied closure rules. Finally, a proposal to use the logic AR4L , along the lines of truth-logic of Von Wright and Fabien Schang’s epistemic justification criteria, is presented. This consists of a four-valued system, where normative sentences Sp are read as promulgations, and the deontic interpretation depends on which legal system the legal proposition was promulgated. In summary, a multivalued formal treatment of closure rules will be proposed after reviewing the available literature in the logic of legal systems.
A tensão entre filosofia e política no pensamento de Hannah Arendt
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2014-09-23) Barbosa, Willian Bento; Silva, Adriano Correia; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7465568204123045; Silva, Adriano Correia; Lopes, Adriana Délbo; Aguiar, Odilio Alves
The analysis of the conflict between philosophy and politics in the thought of Hannah Arendt was made through this thesis. The conflict expresses differences among the lifestyle dedicated to action and the way of life dedicated to contemplation, among politics and philosophy. Are these completely different activities or would be possible any relationship between them? Motivated primarily by Socrates’ judgment, the tension’s main character, Plato may have started a tradition of philosophy that would prioritize contemplation over action, a tradition broken only with Marx, Nietzsche and Kierkegaard. Such intent would have deformed both acting – dislodging it from the freedom inherent in it, as thought – displacing it from the world and the meanings to a place-none of the philosophers. In this sense, Arendt's critique of philosophy speaks to a specific way of philosophizing: the traditional metaphysical philosophy, the spirit (nous) and theory (theorein), the philosophy of professional thinkers. Arendt's reflections guide us to relocate the thought in the world and in the realm of meanings and, on the other side, to revitalize the action and freedom in its own dignity; to the passage of a philosophy of foundation to a philosophy of understanding; to a friendship in politics and to the care for the world. To illuminate the issues of the thesis, it is made necessary to establish a sort of phenomenology of the work of Arendt, a pasearse in her main works and discussions, as in the problem of action, of freedom, of thought, friendship and the political judgment.
A constituição do espaço na fenomenologia de Husserl
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2012-09-17) BARCO, Aron Pilotto; KORELC, Martina; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1843883998267808
The aim of this dissertation is to study the constutive theory of space as developed in Edmund s Husserl work Ding und Raum, which include his most complete description of spatial experience. The theory is drawn from the analysis of material thinghood con-stitution, accounted as the most basic level of objectivity. In it, Husserl presents the the-sis that spatiality is co-given in the perception of bodies, specifically for its ability to move, whose multiplicity of possible positions coalesce into a field of possibilities ex-perienced as three-dimensional space. The present study aims to explore this theory as a stage in the context of transcendental phenomenology development that maintains con-nections with the earliest Husserl s incursions in problems concerning geometry and mathematical theory of multiplicities, and also explore some consequences and internal problems of the theory.
Lógica deôntica: os paradoxos deônticos e as practições em Castaneda
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2014-02-17) Barros, Toni Cézar Pinto Ferreira; Sanz, Wagner de Campos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5046432111036307; Sanz, Wagner de Campos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5046432111036307; Santos Neto, Arnaldo Bastos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7521227239332239; Casanave, Abel Lassale
There are two questions about deontic logic that appear frequently in the literature on the subject. The first concerns the legitimacy and the second the deontic paradoxes. The first of these, however, is not the main concern of this paper, we assume, alongside Castañeda the thesis that there are logical relationships, not only between propositions, but also among imperatives and norms. Thus, the main focus of this paper will be to investigate deontic paradoxes, and in particular, the Castañeda‟s solution. This solution involves a distinction between propositions and practitions as well as between imperatives and norms. We also show the advantage of this solution compared to other solution named scope deontic operator. Finally, we analyze Lou Goble‟s criticism to Castañeda‟s solution and objections to this criticism.
A arte além da razão: a tragédia na reflexão do jovem Nietzsche
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2014-02-24) Batista, Walquiria Pereira; Lopes, Adriana Delbó; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6600189022732543; Lopes, Adriana Delbó; Silva, Adriano Correia; Oliveira, Roberto Charles Feitosa de
The starting point of this study is the examination of tragic art in Nietzsche’s reflection about culture, having his first book The Birth of Tragedy as main line. An intrinsic relation between art and life is noticed in the opposition which the philosopher establishes between a tragic culture and a theoretical culture, in a way that the first is seen as the ideal terrain of art, while the latter is considered a promoter of the artificialized arts of the modern era. The objective is to examine the metaphysical impulses which art has as a substratum in tragic culture and, at the same time, to identify the superposition of reason inaugurated by Socrates as something harmful to the instincts, which would exterminate from art its original, solely artistic element. With these notions, the intention is to study Nietzsche’s Apollinian- Dionysian conception of art, in dialogue with authors of Greek and German drama, identifying contrasts and communions. Art projected on the principle of reason would have its mark in Euripides’ aesthetic Socratism, in Aristotle’s primacy of action and catharsis, in Lessing’s Enlightenment dramaturgy, in Schiller’s expressions of liberty and would resonate in the recitative of the opera in the service of distraction. On the other hand, the splendor of the tragic era lies in the tragedies of Aeschylus and Sophocles, in the hero’s Apollinian- Dionysian dichotomy, exemplified in Prometheus and in the two Oedipusses. Myth and music are seen as fundamental and inseparable components of art sprouted in a tragic culture, capable of establishing an unconscious relationship with the audience. These are the premises to understand Nietzsche’s affinities with Wagner, in the expectation of a renaissance of myth and music as reawakening of the tragic spirit in German genius.
Os espaços do entre: o estado de exceção em Giorgio Agamben
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2017-05-11) Borges Neto, João Lourenço; Silva, Adriano Correia; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7465568204123045; Silva, Adriano Correia; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7465568204123045; Lopes, Adriana Delbó; Ruiz, Castor Mari Martin Bartolomé
At the end of the year 2013, in Athens, Giorgio Agamben presented an important reflection on the fate of European democracy. According the philosopher, we no longer live under the aegis of democracy and the governmental paradigm of our time could not even be called political. The concept that replaced any political notions was that of security, and the slogan "for security reasons" has taken on a worldwide scale the new parameter of government of the contemporary political order. In order to understand this diagnosis, Giorgio Agamben proposed, on that occasion, the invitation to carry out a genealogy of the concept of security from an acute research on its origin and history in the paradigm of state of exception. This dissertation aims, together with Agamben, to untangle the concept of a state of exception, too demonstrating its implication and relation with human life. The concept of exception state developed by Agamben during the Homo Sacer project resumes the debate about the law between Carl Schmitt and Walter Benjamin in the 1920s. We reconstitute this debate step-by-step to demonstrate how essential it was for Agamben to contact the works of the German jurist for the development of the theme of exception. It was, however, taking on Benjamin's side in that discussion that the Italian philosopher was instigated to direct his fiercest criticisms of the democratic state of law. It follows from this takeover of the diagnoses of being the state of exception the governance paradigm of contemporaneity and the sign that the state of exception inscribes sovereignty in a paradox. We also develop Agamben's proposal to point to the confluence between the biopolitical model coined by Foucault, but years before also diagnosed by Hannah Arendt, and the juridical-institutional model. That is, the point where life and right touch the figure of the sovereign and the bare life. What this dissertation also worried to point out from the title was how much the contact with the theoretical contribution of Walter Benjamin was decisive for Agamben in the development of his political concepts composed in the political project Homo Sacer.
A importância da formação do cidadão na perspectiva de Jean-Jacques Rousseau
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2015-11-06) Braga Junior, Luiz Carlos Ferreira; Reis, Helena Esser dos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1045681574037243; Reis, Helena Esser dos; Moscateli, Renato; Freitas, Jacira de
Le philosophe genévois Jean-Jacques Rousseau s’est consacré dans ses écrits politiques à penser une bonne République. Sa philosophie, dans ce domaine, dialogue avec les thémes de la souveraineté, de la légitimité, de la loi, du pouvoir, et ce parmi bien d’autres encore. Ces thèmes constituent l’ensemble de ces concepts. Il est intéressant d’observer que ces derniers convergent tous vers un autre, à savoir, l’éducation civique. Celle-ci est le sujet principal de notre recherche dans cette Dissertation. L’éducation civique represente le point primordial qui nous accompagne dans la compréhension du modele politique pensé par Rousseau, modéle qu’il s’est évertué à théoriser et s’est efforcé de construire en maintenant comme objectif une possible pratique de la défense de la liberté et de l’égalité de tous les membres du corps social. Notre recherche se propose précisémment d’analyser la possibilité et les moyens plausibles d’une équation de la liberté et de l’égalité des citoyens d’une République legitime avec l’amour de la patrie qui rend toujours et pour tous prioritaire le bien public. Pour cela, nous étudierons plus en détail l’Etat Civil légitime, compte tenu du fait que ce dernier constituera le cadre de référence de nos considérations sur la formation du citoyen. Ensuite, nous examinerons quelle peut être la meilleure éducation pour l’homme qui vit en société, en considérant la formation nécessaire à l’amour de la patrie, puisque sans cette éducation le traité social serait seulement une forme illusoire et vaine. Enfin, nous traiterons de la possible pratique de la formation citoyenne basée sur les conseils du philosophe ici étudié. Et, partant de l’idée que l’Etat Civil légitime implique la liberté et l’égalité des citoyens, nous nous interrogerons sur la résponsabilité de chaque membre de l’Etat dans son processus de formation.
Estudo das ideias de justiça no pensamento político-filosófico de Jean-Jacques Rousseau
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2015-03-05) Brandão, Caius César de Castro; Reis, Helena Esser dos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1045681574037243; Reis, Helena Esser dos; Moscateli, Renato; Vento, Marisa; Nascimento, Milton Meira do
The understanding of the origins and foundations of justice in Jean-Jacques Rousseau requires a careful study of the different notions of justice the philosopher seems to make use, particularly in the Discourse on the Origin and Foundations of Inequality Among Men, in Emile, or On Education and in The Social Contract, or Principles of Political Right. First of all, we must identify and delineate more precisely which ideas of justice permeate these works, pointing to the differences and similarities they keep among them. We must also inquire about their genealogies and teleologies. Where appropriate, we should seek to reveal its temporality and extent, but in all cases, we must strive to understand their conditions and modes of existence. A systematic analysis of their constituent elements will contribute to our goal of understanding its essential attributes. To accomplish our goal, we will treat the ideas of justice as objects to be clarified and assign them a typology with which we will systematize our research. Later, the relationships that those different models of justice keep among them will be investigated and how they make up the whole of the political and philosophical thought of Jean-Jacques Rousseau.

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