Saúde bucal de crianças hospitalizadas: percepções e atitudes de acompanhantes
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Data
2010-04-27
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
Resumo
Attitudes towards oral health may contribute to the recovery of hospitalized child s general health. For the development of educational and preventive programs directed to this public, it is necessary to comprehend the perceptions about oral health according to care-givers, in order to elaborate a project of health education, giving importance to the knowledge and attitudes of this group. A qualitative research was accomplished through interviews, based on semi-structured itinerary. The interviews were recorded in audio-cassette, transcribed, typed and printed to obtain the material of the study: the interviewees speeches. The data analysis was based on the content analysis, thematic modality, accomplished through the exhausting reading of all the interviews in order to extract the meaningful words and sentences, getting them into sense nuclei and later classifying them in themes. Three themes were inferred as results: The care, The oral health and The relationship between oral health and general health. In relation to the care offered to hospitalized children, it is different from that destined to the same child before getting sick and also to the other children of the family through the increase of the devotion, of the concern with the child's comfort, in order to soften the pains and the suffering and of the feeding. The subjects reports demonstrated that the concern with the oral health happens through the accomplishment of the dental care and also through the accomplishment of the oral hygiene at least three times a day, using toothpaste and toothbrush. However it is noticed that there is not to be concern with other risk factors as the diet and the use of medicines and not even in following some orientations received by surgeon-dentists or to look for a preventive treatment. Some of the care-givers also demonstrated difficulty in accomplishing or supervising the child's oral hygiene. For some of them, the hospitalization is not a factor which makes more difficult the accomplishment of the oral hygiene, because this is a habit, while for other it is, because they leave the domestic routine. In relation to the theme "relationship oral health - general health", it is noticed that they believe in a bi-directional relationship among them, however, they think that what really interferes in the child's oral health is not the disease itself, but the fact of using antibiotic. The conclusion was that the companions' perceptions about the hospitalized children's oral health follow the common sense that the action of brush the teeth is part of the corporal hygiene and that this practice should happen three times a day, with the use of toothbrush and toothpaste, without considering other risk factors. The care-givers get to notice their children's real oral conditions and try to make them better with the healing treatment and not avoiding them through the prevention. The attitudes in relation to health are permeated by faiths as that the antibiotic, "strong medicine", destroys the teeth. Actions in health education must be developed together with the whole multiprofessional team of health and with the target group in order to promote a change in the way people see the process health-disease.
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CORTINES, Andréa Araujo de Oliveira. Oral health of hospitalized children: perceptions and attitudes of caregivers. 2010. 84 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciência da Saúde) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2010.