Comunidade fitoplanctônica e parâmetros físico-químicos em lagoa de estabilização (Trindade,Go)
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Data
2012-07-12
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
Resumo
The Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) of Trindade (16 ° 39'09'' S and 49 °
31'50'' W), also known as Barro Preto WWTP, consists of preliminary treatment followed
initially by three modules in parallel (A, B and C), each containing one anaerobic pond, one
facultative pond and one maturation pond in series (Australian system), being the effluent
released in the stream Barro Preto. The WWTP began operating in 1997 and had the final plan
in 2011. This study aimed to evaluate treatment efficiency and the module based on algal
community structure and physico-chemical variables during a period of six months
(September, October, November, December 2010 and April and May 2011), which contains
the dry and rainy periods. Were analyzed in reference to the structure and dynamics of algae:
biomass, density, richness, diversity, equality, abundance and dominance; for physic-chemical
analysis were: flow rate, wastewater temperature, depth, euphotic zone, HDT, pH, DO, CND,
TP, PO4
-3, NH4
+, NO3, DOB5
20°C, COD, TSS, FSS, VSS and also climatic variables. The algae
were collected through non-selective process (Van Dorn bottle). The samples abiotic,
chlorophyll a and pheophytin were processed according to APHA, and the density algal by
the Utermöhl method. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) were performed to characterize
the physic-chemical processes and the spatial and temporal differentiation. It was also made a
Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA). The facultative and maturation ponds shown to
be influenced by the seasonality of the region, and presented variance in depth. In average, the
module A showed an efficiency of COD removal of 45%, and optimal efficiency in removing
DBO5
20°C (84%). The facultative pond showed the highest mean of PO4
-3 efficiency removal
(48%), NH4
+ (36%) NO3
-
(44%), BOD5
20°C (74%). OD profile of type clinograde and thermal
stratification was recorded in three months of collection. The maturation pond showed higher
mean removal efficiency of PT (27%) and COD (19%). In just two months was recorded
thermal stratification, and found clinograde profile throughout the study. The ponds presented
one of the largest ever recorded phytoplankton densities in stabilization ponds and 170 taxa
recorded throughout the study, being 40% of cyanobacteria are potentially toxic. The most
abundant species in both ponds and throughout the study were Chlorella vulgaris, Chlorella
minutissima, Closteriopsis acicularis, Merismopedia tenuissima, Synechococcus sp and
Synechocysitis sp (dominant). The ponds presented according to the indices, low species
diversity and low beta diversity. The beta diversity showed that the maturation pond has more
flexibility in the rainy season and optional in the dry season. The canonical correspondence
analysis (CCA) showed the most abundant species when best developed in seasonality. C.
acicularis in the rainy season, C. minutissima in the end of the rainy season and the beginning
of the dry season, M. tenuissima in late dry season, C. vulgaris and Synechococcus sp in late
dry season and beginning of precipitation. This analysis showed which environmental
variables can also influence the in distribution of species.
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D\'ALESSANDRO, Emmanuel Bezerra. Phytoplankton and physicochemical parameters in stabilization pond (Trindade, GO). 2012. 161 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Engenharias) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2012.