Características anatômicas da raiz de Chrysopogon zizanioides (L.) Roberty submetida a esgoto sanitário
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Data
2014-03-31
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
Resumo
The vetiver grass (Chrysopogon zizanioides (L.) Roberty) is a plant of Asian origin used for
production of perfumes (from an oil extracted from its roots), erosion control, restoration of
degraded areas, crafts, phytoremediation, feeding animals and sewage treatment in areas where
lack basic sanitation. This study evaluated the morphology and anatomy of the root of C.
zizanioides submitted to the waste, in order to confirm the hypothesis that changes in their
development due to different oxygen concentrations. The experiment was conducted at the
Sewage Treatment Plant (STP) Samambaia, located on campus II of the Universidade Federal de
Goiás (UFG). The station is divided into Pond 1 (facultative - 186 m length) and Pond 2
(maturation - 112,90 m in length), in which seven floats were distributed every 40 meters, a float
remained in a box with potable water (control); each float three individuals were planted. Seven
collections were taken during the six-month period every 28 days. The following measurements
were taken: total length and outer diameter; the total cross sectional diameter (area), thickness of
the epidermis, cortical thickness (total), thickness aerenchyma/parenchymal, thickness of
endoderm, cylinder vascular diameter, diameter of the elements (metaxylem) and number of
elements (metaxylem) in both proximal and distal regions. To characterize the anatomical crosssections
in the proximal and distal roots were performed. The roots have a uniseriate epidermis;
cortex sclerenchymatous ring, fundamental parenchyma, aerenchyma and endoderm; central
cylinder unistratified pericycle, xylem and phloem and medullary region composed of
parenchyma cells. There were differences in the development of aerenchyma, besides the
increase in thickening of the cell walls of the cells sclerenchymatous ring, and endoderm vessel
element; as well as the number of layers of the cortex and the number of vessel elements. The
statistical analysis showed that there are significant differences in eight of the ten variables. In
Pond 1 (facultative) there is a high concentration of organic matter and low rate of dissolved
oxygen, which directly affected the development of the roots, and from the 4th collection, the
ancient roots senescence and new were formed, however, did not develop the proximal region
due to unfavorable conditions. In pond 2 (maturity) there is a low concentration of organic
matter and higher rate of dissolved oxygen, which allowed the development of both the distal
region and the proximal, however, have not reached the development presented by the roots of
control. The roots were affected development in their morphology and anatomy, however, does
not have structural modifications. Vetiver grass can contribute in wastewater treatment process if
individuals are placed at least 160 meters from the release of raw wastewater, distance at which
the concentration of dissolved oxygen shall not interfere in the formation and development of
roots.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Capim vetiver , Poaceae , ETE , Aerênquima , Oxigênio , Vetiver grass , Poaceae , STP , Aerenchyma , Oxygen
Citação
CARVALHO FILHO, F. J. Características anatômicas da raiz de Chrysopogon zizanioides (L.) Roberty submetida a esgoto sanitário. 2014. 115 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Biodiversidade Vegetal)–Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2014.