O Direito à moradia e a avaliação jurídico-institucional do Programa Minha Casa, Minha Vida: uma revisão sistemática

Abstract

This work investigates the results indicated by scientific studies published between 2019 and 2024 regarding the evaluation of the Minha Casa, Minha Vida Program (PMCMV), from the perspective of Law and Public Policy (DPP). The central problem of the research is to understand how academic production has evaluated the effectiveness of the PMCMV, especially in light of the challenges inherent in its implementation within the context of Brazilian federalism. The object of study is the PMCMV, analyzed as a social housing public policy, with emphasis on its legal-normative conformation, institutional arrangements, and concrete effects evidenced in recent literature. The general objective is to evaluate the effectiveness of the PMCMV, with the following specific objectives: (i) to identify, in the scientific production, the studies dedicated to the evaluation of the program; (ii) to analyze the main results observed regarding its execution and the reported social impacts; and (iii) to develop an analytical instrument for evaluating the PMCMV, based on the empirical and theoretical findings of the reviews carried out, with a view to supporting recommendations for its improvement. The hypothesis guiding this investigation argues that, although the PMCMV (My Home, My Life Program) has consolidated itself as the main public policy for housing provision in the country, weaknesses persist in its social effectiveness, mainly associated with the fragmentation of federal execution, limited intersectoral articulation, and insufficient institutional mechanisms for participation and active listening to beneficiaries. Methodologically, the research adopts a qualitative and exploratory approach, structured in three complementary stages: (i) literature review, focusing on empirical studies and documentary analysis of the program; (ii) scoping review, aimed at the systematic mapping of scientific production on the PMCMV; and (iii) integrative review, aimed at the critical synthesis of results and the identification of analytical gaps. From the methodological triangulation, legal, institutional, and social markers were identified, which formed the basis for the construction of an evaluation instrument for the PMCMV, capable of articulating normative, operational, and social impact dimensions. The results indicate that, despite advances in formal access to housing, the literature points to persistent challenges related to intergovernmental coordination, the urban integration of developments, urban mobility, and the socioeconomic integration of beneficiaries. It is concluded that improving the effectiveness of the PMCMV (My Home, My Life Program) requires not only regulatory adjustments but also the strengthening of multi-level governance mechanisms, monitoring, and evidence-based evaluation, in order to ensure the substantive realization of the fundamental right to housing. This research aligns strictly with Research Line 3 – New Technologies and New Practices in Public Policies: Legal Solutions, of the Postgraduate Program in Law and Public Policies (PPGDP/UFG), insofar as it seeks to develop an innovative analytical instrument for evaluating the Minha Casa, Minha Vida Program (PMCMV), based on empirical and theoretical evidence, contributing to the improvement of legal and institutional solutions aimed at the effectiveness of public housing policies.