O patrimônio na perspectiva de movimentos sociais em Guarulhos e São Paulo: memória, cultura e cidadania

Abstract

The expansion of social participation in the public management of heritage, which intensified with the decline of the military dictatorship in Brazil and was consolidated in the 1988 Constitution, led to changes in the heritage policy implemented until then. This institutional opening to civil society encouraged the emergence of associations and popular movements for heritage preservation, which, in turn, became protagonists in the heritage-making process. It was this context that gave rise to popular movements that have heritage as the main object of their political action. These movements emerge in order to occupy the spaces left by state action in public policy, while simultaneously seeking to improve them. To understand these movements, two groups were analyzed: AAPAH (Associação Amigos do Patrimônio e Arquivo Histórico de Guarulhos), which emerged in 2009 in the city in the metropolitan region of São Paulo, and the Coletivo Ururay, which emerged in 2014 in Penha and is dedicated to researching and disseminating the tangible and intangible cultural heritage of the eastern zone, and has carried out actions in the neighborhoods of Penha, Mooca, São Miguel Paulista, and Itaquera located in the city of São Paulo.