Florestan Fernandes como expressão do intelectual orgânico do socialismo nas décadas de 60 a 80

Abstract

The present research entitled ‘Florestan Fernandes as organic intellectual of proletarian socialism in the decades from 1960 to 1980’ aimed to analyze the historical trajectory this sociologist in the studied period. This is a study in which the focus is the treatment in the works, writings and public exhibitions of the intellectual engaged in the struggle of the working class of his time. In order to reflect his status as an intellectual militant, we made use of two theoretical backgrounds that have collaborated to the understanding of our research's object. The used concepts were the “organic intellectual” of Antonio Gramsci’s theory and the “intellectual field” of Pierre Bourdieu’s theory. We have selected some analytical categories of Florestan’s thought as social class, dependent capitalism and revolution, which incorporate the historical dialectical materialism in the course of the development of his interpretation about the ideas of proletarian socialism, having as historical subjects the working class and mediations in the structure of self-organization carried forward by the party of working class background. Lastly, we present some limits of his interpretation about the working class organizations into political parties called of the left, by formation and influence of thinkers of the classical tradition of orthodox Marxism. This elucidation of the issues in involvement with the Leninism and Trotskyism did not eclipse his intransigent defense of proletariat, but evidenced him as subject insert in social relations and in this sense, liable of inherent contradictions to social beings in a society like ours, of capitalist ethos.