O protestantismo nas territorialidades e na identidade territorial da comunidade Quilombola Kalunga – Goiás
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2016-05-05
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
Resumo
The Kalunga Quilombo Community, located in the Historic and Heritage Site of the Kalunga SHPC, in the north and northeast regions of the state of Goias, Brazil, consists of a rural
community. This is a community facing an undeveloped condition living on the margins of society
which has its history and identity mostly described and reported by government agencies and by
other institutions in general. Kalunga people usually used to have their way of life and territorial
identity built from within based on a collective self-view and perceptions, permeated by different
cultural practices associated with popular Catholicism. However, in recent decades this
community has faced an evangelization process led by Protestant agents. Their actions initially
sporadic became increasingly recurrent resulting in the opening of Protestant Churches within the
limits of the Kalunga territory. By taking into account these factors and context, the main approach
of this thesis is a critical reading of an expanding Protestantism over a traditional community; an
analysis to be done within the perspective of the Geography. Issues addressed by this study are
related to religious discourses, identity conflicts, the reinterpretation of cultural practices, among
other things that involve the local culture and territorial identity of the Kalunga. It has as a general
objective to analyze the influence of the Protestantism on the Kalunga Community with special
attention given to the production of the sacredness of the Protestant space, as well as the reframing
and the new meanings of the territorial identity and practices of converted Kalunga, and the
cultural landscape as perceived by the Quilombo dwellers. The proposal is to investigate the new
set territorial relations by under-positioned Kalunga after the incursions of the Protestant Church
and the religious speeches made by the preachers, and the way the Quilombo discourse reframes
the community territorial identities. As part of the study, it was chosen ‘space’, ‘territory’ and
‘landscape’ as categories. The methodology was split into method and methodological tools. The
chosen method permeated the cultural geography in densifying spiritualist approach as presented
by Andreotti (2002; 2003). Literature review and field research were the methodological tools. For
assessing the data, it was used discourse analysis based on Orlandi (2005), Foucault (1986, 1996
and 1999), Fernandes (2005), and Possenti (2002). And as part of the procedures, it was offered
insights on the relation between religion and the geographical categories: living space, territory,
territoriality, territorial identities, and cultural landscape. A historical analysis on the spread of
Christianity, including in Brazil, as well how this religion reached the traditional communities. A
reading ofthe Kalunga way of life and on how the religious discourse propitiated a reinterpretation
of its territorial practices and identities, as well as of its cultural landscapes is part of this
investigation. This study was the identification ofnew forms of territorial relations established in
the Kalunga site with the introduction and spread of Protestantism. The converted Kalunga feel
themselves much closer to outsiders due to common religious bonds, to social benefits, and to
spiritual aspects and experiences, and yet, conversely, in reason of conflicting ideas evolved from
religious discourses, the converted Kalunga experienced blinking periods of strong and weak
bonds with non-converted Kalunga. Yet, it was found that the Quilombo community converted to
Protestantism has reframed the structures of its beliefs according to new dogmas and religious
creeds as discursively conformed.
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MOTA, Rosiane Dias. O protestantismo nas territorialidades e na identidade territorial da comunidade Quilombola Kalunga – Goiás. 2016. 342 f. Tese (Doutorado em Geografia) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2016.