Qualidade de vida de agentes de segurança prisional de uma capital brasileira
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2019-03-27
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
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INTRODUCTION: Given their working circumstances prison officers (POs) are regarded a vulnerable group, which impairs the sustainability or achievement of satisfactory levels of health and overall quality of life (QOL). AIMS: To assess the QOL of POs of a Brazilian capital and compare in accordance with socio-demographic and working condition factors. METHODS: A cross-sectional descriptive study carried out with 269 officers from five prisons, from November 2017 to July 2018.To gather data we used a questionnaire with socio-demographic and working condition variables and WHOQOL-Bref (World Health Organization Quality of Life Bref). To analyze QOL domains, we calculated mean, median and standard deviation with confidence interval (CI95%). We used t-Student test to analyze the mean differences of QOL domains between each investigated stratification variable, with p< 0.05 values being considered significant. RESULTS: This is a male-dominated population (75.1%) made up of 30-year-olds or over (62.1%), college graduates (70.5%), married (54.6%) and childless individuals (55%). Most (83.3%) of the interviewed officers have been in the job less than 5 years doing shift work (75.8%). History of violence and harassment at work was reported in 19.3% and 16.5%, respectively. QOL perception was higher (73.2%; SD=17.7) whereas satisfaction towards health was negatively perceived (68.8; SD=20.4). Women presented lower scores in the physical (p=0.001), psychological (p=0.004), social relations (p=0.01) and environment (p=0.02) domains. In the physical domain, those with a work harassment history presented lower scores (p=0.02). Regarding the psychological domain, individuals under 30 (p=0.04) and unmarried (p=0.01) presented lower scores in comparison to the others. The social relations domain presented the worst perception by those with higher education (p=0.006), who had no health insurance (p=0.04) and had been assaulted (p=0.04) and harassed at work (p=0.01). Lastly, regarding the environment domain, the uninsured officers (p=0.000), under 5 years in the job (p=0.01) and with a history of reported harassment (p=0.01) presented the lowest scores. CONCLUSION: The officers presented a good overall perception of their QOL despite having reported dissatisfaction towards their health status as well as work liability, which highlights the need for public policies that consider the specificities of their lifestyle and work environment. Our results suggest changes be made to devise feasible health-oriented strategies for this work segment in association with occupational health nursing.
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ARAÚJO, C. S. C. Qualidade de vida de agentes de segurança prisional de uma capital brasileira. 2019. 115 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Enfermagem) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2019.