Priorização espacial para conservação de Carnívoros (Mammalia) no Brasil
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Data
2012-03-02
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
Resumo
Changes of natural landscape caused by antropic activities are currently the main threats for
biodiversity. Thus, the identification of priority areas has become a challenge for conservation
biology. The scarcity of financial resources for conservation involves studies for emergency
actions, considering important biological aspects, and different components of diversity in
order to better allocate the available resources. Furthermore, the costs incorporation of
potentially priority areas can display a favorable balance for minimize possible conflicts of
interest. Hence, our objectives in this study were to identify priority areas for Carnivore
species conservation in Brazil, considering social-economic variables as cost measure for
conservation. We also investigate how the taxonomical, functional and phylogenetic
diversities of the Carnivore are distributed in the Brazilian territory, in order to identify the set
of regions that best represent this three diversity measures. In both cases, we investigate the
efficiency of currently established conservation units (CUs), examining whether the current
distribution in space of these is better than if they were randomly distributed in Brazil. Our
results showed that regions of interest for conservation of species are also important in the
social-economical development. Thus, other regions that were not at first priority will be
considered important in order to minimize conflicts of conservation.
We also found that taxonomic diversity was not the better predictor of functional and
phylogenetic diversity. It is necessary the combination of a set of areas to represent these
three diversity measures. The UC s are not efficient for all species to represent phylogenetic
diversity. In the latter case even the UC s were distributed randomly in Brazilian territory,
representing the largest indices of phylogenetic diversity. Thus, it is necessary the addition of
new protected areas that complement the previous one. We concluded that it is important to
include socio-economic analysis in prioritization, and that studies considering different measures of diversity are important since the species richness may not well represent the other
measures of diversity. In conservation plans that incorporate such analysis, the results are
more satisfactory for the long-term species protection.
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BRAGA, Rosana Talita. Spatial priorities for conservation of carnivores (Mammalia) in Brazil. 2012. 94 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciências Biológicas - Biologia) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2012.