Aptidão agrícola, mudanças de usos dos solos, conflitos e impactos diretos e indiretos da expansão da cana-de-açúcar na região sudoeste goiano
Carregando...
Data
2015-03-30
Autores
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Federal de Goiás
Resumo
During the last 40 years, Cerrado in Goiás crossed to big changes of land use
associated with the Green Revolution and the Agriculture Modernization. These
modifications were based on grains production, cattle raising, in minor scale, sugar
cane production. Goiás Sowth-west Planning Region (RPSG) was a great notability in
this scenery that, since 1980 decade, because your elevated agricultural aptness,
turned great objective of Agroindustrial complexes, grains and meat and, more
recently, of sugar cane.
Recently, the sugar cane sector retakes your expansion starting a new phase in 2004,
extending from the same anterior surface from east, where more able soils dominated.
Since this, a strong and fast expansion has been realized in this route, reaching the
RPSG extreme west in 2008. The present thesis objective to recognize the special
standard in these two sugar cane expansion phases in RPSG, between 1985 and 2013
and identify your relations with the lands use changes and with the agricultural aptness
classes, for presenting the particular spatial standards of sugar cane expansion and
having uses conflicts discrepancy indicators. It was used remote sensing and
geoprocessing techniques, specially SIG, for the mapping of environmental
characteristics, agricultural aptness and uses and soil uses conflicts, in historic
succession of representative five years of use changes and sugar cane expansion;
they were 1985 and 1995 in the first phase, and 2005, 2010 and 2013 in the second
phase. The cartography results were submitted on statistic analyze ANOVA Fatorial
and Principal Component Analyses (PCA). The results showed that the recent sugar
cane expansion presented two spatial standards: the first, until 2005, in surfaces with
more agricultural aptness, before with grains culture; the second, since 2005, in
moderately or very fragile soils zones, able for natural pastures or recommended for
flora e fauna conservation. It still revealed that sugar cane expansion reprises the
agroexporting model, this time including the national market of ethanol consumption,
however, in two successive itineraries: the first, that represents the itinerary resulting of
spatial selectivity irradiated type, also practiced in Agricultural Frontier expansion
(1970-80), looking for more able soils to cultivates with high technology level and taking
advantage of structure, specially the logistic. The second, after 2005, that runs away
this standard and goes to the extreme west of region, upon less able soils, in general
sandy soils, with elevated erodibility, little fertility and cohesion, named fragile soils,
with pasture and Cerrado’s reminders. It discusses that this process caused direct and
indirect impacts in successions of covering/cane and pasture/cane, respectively, in
consequence of deforestation, upon areas with moderated or elevated use discrepancy
in respect to agricultural aptness. It concludes that the sugar cane expansion is
occurring in RPSG for spatial irradiated selectivity, expanding upon the best lands
(1960-80 in the east) and, before, 2005, for diffusion, in dispersed spots on direction to
extreme west upon less able lands with fragile soils. In the first, the impacts were
directs, by reconversion grains/cane; in the second, it were directs (like the first, added
for pasture/cane and remaining/cane) and indirects (grains/pasture, remaining/pasture)
also associated to the remaining deforestation. It was noted that the
privation/insufficiency of regulatory marks for sugar cane expansion and planning and
environmental govern in levels of state and region, favoring pressure upon natural
resources and the installation of environmental (un)sustentability sceneries.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Expansão canavieira , Mudanças de usos dos solos , Aptidão agrícola do uso das terras , Indicadores de discrepância de uso , Conflitos de Uso e Impactos diretos e indiretos , Sugar cane expansion , Lands use changes , Lands use agricultural aptness , Use discrepancy indicators , Use conflicts and direct and indirect impacts
Citação
TRINDADE, S. P. Aptidão agrícola, mudanças de usos dos solos, conflitos e impactos diretos e indiretos da expansão da cana-de-açúcar na região sudoeste goiano. 2015. 187 f. Tese (Doutorado em Ciências Ambientais) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2015.