Avaliação de soluções de manejo de águas pluviais baseadas na natureza em loteamento urbano
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2023-10-25
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
Resumo
Worldwide urban growth is continuous, accompanied by an increase in impermeable areas.
This results in a reduction of evapotranspiration and water infiltration capacity into the soil,
leading to increased surface runoff and negatively impacting the environment and public
health. Currently, nature-based stormwater management solutions seek to mitigate these
negative impacts of urbanization. This study aimed to determine, through a hydrological
model, the performance of these solutions in an urban development with a high percentage of
impermeable area. Considering the literature review, municipal regulations, and design
criteria, green roofs and cisterns were selected as nature-based solutions to be modeled using
the SWMM software. The research was conducted in five stages, including literature review
and selection of nature-based solutions, selection of the study area, acquisition of secondary
data, evaluation of the hydrological performance of the proposed scenarios, and assessment of
the impact on the conventional drainage system. The performance evaluation included
selecting SWMM variables, designing the drainage network, analyzing input data, scenario
development (isolated and combined techniques), SWMM application, and analysis and
comparison of results. Ten simulations were carried out with different scenarios, including the
implementation of isolated and combined techniques and variations in the degree of soil
impermeability. The research investigated the behavior of green roofs and found that their
implementation alone reduced surface runoff by 15.5% and peak runoff by 19.7%. The
isolated cistern also contributed, but to a lesser extent, with a reduction of 8.5% in surface
runoff and 4.3% in peak runoff. However, the combination of the two solutions showed a
more effective synergy, achieving a reduction of 20.2% in surface runoff and 22.2% in peak
runoff. The results also confirmed that the degree of impermeability of the soil is inversely
related to its capacity to infiltrate rainwater.
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CHAGAS, I. M. Avaliação de soluções de manejo de águas pluviais baseadas na natureza em loteamento urbano. 2023. 110 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Engenharia Ambiental e Sanitária) - Escola de Engenharia Civil e Ambiental, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2023.